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English Pronunciation ELTDP Training Bau District 2 nd Session Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4 Aspects of pronunciation Syllable stress Word Stress Intonation Phonemes / phonics
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 1. Syllable Stress Syllable stress can affect the meaning of words : record (verb) export (verb) import (verb) protest (verb) record (noun) export (noun) import (noun) protest (noun)
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 1. Syllable Stress Stress on syllables may be different with Malay and English pronunciation: ba’na’na (“Malay English”) ba’na’na (English)
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 2. Word Stress “We had a lovely time at the beach” Stress is on content words These are usually nouns, verbs and adjectives Other words, such as articles and pronouns are unstressed
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 2. Word Stress Word stress can be taught quite simply using rhymes, songs and jazz chants
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP Three Blind Mice See how they run They all ran after the farmer’s wife Who cut off their tales with a carving knife Did you ever see such a thing in your life As three blind mice
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3. Intonation E.g questions Yes / No questions … … tend to go up at the end: “Is everybody happy?”
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3. Intonation Wh questions … “What’s your name?” “Who is your teacher?” “Where do you live?” … tend to go down
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3. Intonation E.g Lists “I went to the shop and bought apples, mangos, bananas, sugar and rice”
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3. Intonation Intonation is much more important in some languages, e.g. Mandarin, which are tonal languages. “Lao se chow an” What are the intonation patterns in other Malaysian languages?
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetics / Phonics Malay is an almost perfectly phonetic language Each letter usually means one sound Each sound usually has one way of spelling it “c” always makes the English sound “ch” Malay has 18 consonant sound and 6 vowel sounds
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetics / Phonics English is a phonetic language English is not a phonetic language
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetics / Phonics brought although tough cough plough through
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetics / Phonics English has 24 consonant sounds English has 20 different vowel sounds That makes 44 different sounds used in English speech … and there are 120 different ways of spelling these 44 sounds!
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonics - the ‘f’ sound ‘f’, as in ‘fish’ ‘ff’ as in ‘fluffy’ ‘ph’ as in ‘phone’, ‘Philip’, ‘dolphin’
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. The “er” sound ‘er’ teacher, ‘ar’ as in collar, ‘or’ as in doctor ‘ure’ as in measure, ‘a’ as in zebra, ‘e’ as in garden, ‘i’ as in fossil, ‘o’ as in lion ‘u’ as in circus
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetic alphabet To help us, we can use the international phonetic alphabet:
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetic alphabet
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetic alphabet tʃtʃ “c” in Malay: “cici” In English: “ch” as in “chin” “tch” as in “watch” “Č” in czech “ci” in Italian: “ciao”
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP 4. Phonetic alphabet /æ/ is the “a” in ant / ɑ :/ is the “a” in art /ə/ is the “er” in teacher,
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The problem with phonics for reading English Because phonics is so complicated in English – you need other skills to read English: Phonic skills Word recognition skills Understanding stories
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Teaching phonics
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP a. Early phonic awareness General sound discrimination environmental sounds instrumental sounds body percussion Rhythm and rhyme Alliteration (same starting letter) Voice sounds Oral blending and segmenting
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP b. Introducing Letter-sounds Use advice in the KSSR teacher’s guide Stick to the short vowels Use letter sounds not names Use songs and chants Use a letter bag
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP b. Introducing Letter-sounds Be careful – which is the odd one odd?: igloo ink ice-cream itch otter ostrich onion
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c) Practice discriminating Little and often Can the children tell if a sound is in a word or not? Can the children tell the difference between sounds? Try to pick up the children who really don’t get it
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP d) Segmenting Breaking a word into sounds A skill that helps with spelling cat = c+a+t
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Creating Opportunity Worldwide ELTDP d) Blending Putting sounds together A skill that is useful in reading c+a+t = “cat”
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