1. ME444 ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN CHAPTER 11: STEAM PIPING SYSTEM (1)

2. CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION 2.STEAM PIPING SYSTEM 3.STEAM PIPE SIZING

3. 1. INTRODUCTION TO STEAM  Steam is widely used as heat transmission fluid (via its latent heat).  Heat from steam is cheaper than heat from electricity. (about half price for heavy oil fuel)

4. SATURATION TEMPERATURE Where T in Degree Celcius P in bars (a)

5. STEAM TABLE AT 0 BAR STEAM EXPAND 1600 TIMES THE VOLUME OF LIQUID

6. HEAT TRANSMISSION FLUIDS

8. STEAM USERS

9. APPLICATIONS OF STEAM … Vacuum packing… … Thinning organic compound, morass for example …

10. JACKET VESSEL

11. STEAM COIL

12. STEAM INJECTION

13. AIR HEATER

14. HOT WATER CLEANING

15. CONDENSATE

16. STEAM GENERATION

17. FLASH STEAM CAN STEAM BE FORMED FROM WATER WITHOUT ADDING HEAT?

18. CONTROL VALVES 2. STEAM PIPING SYSTEM

19. BASIC STEAM CIRCUIT

20. STEAM HEADER/ MANIFOLD

21. MAIN PIPE INSTALLATION

22. TRAPPING CONDENSATE

23. REDUCERS

24. BRANCH LINE CONNECTION TAP FROM TOP OF PIPE

25. AIRVENT

26. VALVES

27. CHECK VALVES

28. PRESSURE GUAGES RING TYPE SYPHON (FILLED WITH WATER TO SEPARATE STEAM FROM THE TUBE) VALVE BOURDON TUBE

29. TEMPERATURE GUAGES SIGHT GLASS

30. VACUUM BREAKERS

31. LEVEL GUAGE GLASSES

32. EXPANSION JOINTS

33. STEAM TRAPS

34. CONTROL VALVES 3. STEAM PIPING SIZING

35. PIPE MATERIAL  SCHEDULE 40 STEEL PIPES RANGE FROM 15mm TO 600mm ARE SUFFICIENT FOR MOST STEAM PIPES.  LARGE PIPES OR PIPES IN HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEM MAY BE SCH80.  MATERIAL’S STRENGTH DECREASE WITH INCREASING TEMPERATURE.  FOLLOW ASME B31.1 SERIES FOR POWER PIPING.

36. PIPE SIZE

37. PIPE SIZING

38. PIPE SIZING METHODS PIPE SIZING BASED ON VELOCITY  NORMAL VELOCITY 25 - 40 m/s  LOWER VELOCITY FOR LONG PIPE  USE TABLES 10.5, 10.6 AND FIGURE 10.22 PIPE SIZING BASED ON PRESSURE DROP USE TABLE 10.7 + FIGURE 10.23 HIGHER STEAM PRESSURE = SMALLER PIPE

39. EXAMPLE  STEAM LOAD 270 KG/HR  SUPPLY PRESSURE 7 BARG  REQUIRED PRESSURE 6.6 BARG  PIPE LENGTH 150 m.

40. EXAMPLE  STEAM LOAD 270 kg/h  SUPPLY PRESSURE 7 barg  REQUIRED PRESSURE 6.6 barg  PIPE LENGTH 150 m.  EQUIVALENT LENGTH = 150+10% = 165m  HEAT LOSS = 3.5% per 100 m = 5.8% per 165m  ADJUSTED CAPACITY = 270+5.8% = 286 kg/h

41. EXAMPLE (CONT’D)  7 barg  286 kg/h  0.24 bar/100m  PIPE SIZE = DN50

42. EXAMPLE (CONT’D) SIZE BY VELOCITY  7 barg  286 kg/h  15 m/s  PIPE SIZE = DN40 (TOO MUCH PRESSURE DROP)

43. CONDENSATE RETURN LINE  FOR NON-PUMP PART, SIZE AT LOW VELOCITY  PROVIDE SLOPE  PUMP MAY REQUIRE