2. The Gas Laws And what they can do for me! =D

3. Put Simply. The gas laws are a series of rules and equations used to determine how a gas will react to various changes in its established situation.

4. Put simply-er These are the rules used to tell what will happen to a gas when stuff happens.

5. Here is what will be covered… Boyle’s law for pressure. Boyle’s law for pressure. Charle’s law for temperature. Charle’s law for temperature. Gay Lussac’s law of temperature. Gay Lussac’s law of temperature. Combined gas law. Combined gas law. Ideal gas law. Ideal gas law. Avogadro’s hypothesis. Avogadro’s hypothesis. Dalton’s law of partial pressure. Dalton’s law of partial pressure. Graham’s law of effusion. Graham’s law of effusion.

6. Boyle’s law for pressure For a given mass of gas at a constant temperature the volume varies inversely with pressure For a given mass of gas at a constant temperature the volume varies inversely with pressure P 1 x V 1 = P 2 x V 2 P 1 x V 1 = P 2 x V 2

7. Boyle’s law for pressure Pressure=100kPa Volume=1.0 L Pressure=50kPa Volume= 2.0 L Pressure=200kPa Volume=0.5 L

8. Boyle’s law for pressure

9. According to Boyle’s law… If pressure doubles volume will do what? If pressure doubles volume will do what? If volume quadruples then pressure is divided by? If volume quadruples then pressure is divided by? Volume will be divided in half. 4

10. Charles’ law for Temperature The Volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant. The Volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant. V 1 / T 1 = V 2 / T 2 V 1 / T 1 = V 2 / T 2

11. Charles’ law for Temperature Pressure=100 kPa Volume=5 L Temperature=50 K Pressure=100 kPa Volume=10 L Temperature=100 K Pressure=100 kPa Volume=20 L Temperature=200 K

12. Charles’ law for Temperature

13. According to Charles’ law If temperature is doubled then volume does what? If temperature is doubled then volume does what? If Volume triples then pressure does what? If Volume triples then pressure does what? Volume doubles PSYCH! Nothing.

14. Gay-Lussac’s law of temperature The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant. The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant. P 1 / T 1 = P 2 / T 2 P 1 / T 1 = P 2 / T 2

15. Gay-Lussac’s law of temperature Pressure=100 kPaPressure=50 Volume=10 L Pressure=200 kPa Temperature=100 KTemperature=200 K Temperature=400 K

16. According to Gay Lussac’s law… If pressure triples then temperature does what? If pressure triples then temperature does what? If the temperature stays constant can the pressure go up? If the temperature stays constant can the pressure go up? Temperature triples Hell naw it can’t

17. Combined gas law A combination of Gay-Lussac’s law, Charles’ law & Boyle’s law. A combination of Gay-Lussac’s law, Charles’ law & Boyle’s law. No need to remember all 3 separately. No need to remember all 3 separately. (P 1 x V 1 )/T 1 = (P 2 x V 2 )/T 2 (P 1 x V 1 )/T 1 = (P 2 x V 2 )/T 2 Any part can be canceled out to make the other laws Any part can be canceled out to make the other laws

18. Ideal gas law. Adds fourth variable to Combined gas law. Adds fourth variable to Combined gas law. Moles (n), take in to account the size of gas particles. Moles (n), take in to account the size of gas particles. (P 1 x V 1 )/(T 1 x n 1 ) = (P 2 x V 2 )/(T 2 x n 2 ) (P 1 x V 1 )/(T 1 x n 1 ) = (P 2 x V 2 )/(T 2 x n 2 )

19. Ideal gas law questions !Double worth! !Double worth! Show how you can make the ideal gas law equation turn in to any of the preceding equations. Show how you can make the ideal gas law equation turn in to any of the preceding equations.

20. Avogadro’s Hypothesis Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles. Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles.

21. Avogadro’s Hypothesis Pressure, temperature, and volume is same for both.

22. Avogadro’s hypotheses questions What is Avogadro’s hypothesis? What is Avogadro’s hypothesis? How many particles were shown on the last fame? How many particles were shown on the last fame? Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles. 32

23. Graham’s law of effusion The rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportionate to the square root of the gases molar mass. The rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportionate to the square root of the gases molar mass. Diffusion= the tendency of molecules to move towards areas of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. Diffusion= the tendency of molecules to move towards areas of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. Effusion= gas escaping through a tiny hole. Effusion= gas escaping through a tiny hole. Rate A = sqr root of molar mass B Rate A = sqr root of molar mass B Rate B sqr root of molar mass A Rate B sqr root of molar mass A

24. Diffusion Effusion

25. Graham’s law questions What is diffusion? What is diffusion? What is effusion What is effusion A gas’s rate of effusion is ________ proportionate to its __________. A gas’s rate of effusion is ________ proportionate to its __________. the tendency of molecules to move towards areas of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. gas escaping through a tiny hole. Inversely Molar mass

26. K.THNX.CLAP.