1. UNDERSTANDING THEMES WORLD WAR IWORLD WAR II EFFECTS ON GOVERNMENT AND CITIZENSHIP EFFECTS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EFFECTS ON SOCIETY DIRECTIONS: Using the information on pages 472 and 473, please complete the chart below. This will be collected today (30 points). NAME: __________________________________________ DATE: ______________________ Warm-up!

2. Consequences of World War WWI ~ a case study

3. LEQ 2: What are the consequences of World War and are they an improvement over the pre-war conditions?

4. The End of Fighting Germans refocused their military attention away from Russia and in the direction of the U.S. German offensive cost them 800,000 troops Germany eventually collapses as the Allies break through the Hindenburg Line.

5. The Hindenburg Line

6. Armistice is Signed German leaders wanted to call a truce. November 11 th, 1918 the peace terms were agreed upon. Central Powers admitted defeat and the war was over

7. Think ~ Pair ~ Share You are the diplomat who is tasked with organizing peace terms that both the Allies and the Central Powers will tolerate. How would you go about making and keeping the peace between warring nations?

8. Most Peaceful Least Peaceful In the margin of your notes, draw the figure that most closely represents your peace terms.

9. How Do You Make Peace? Fourteen Points Treaty of Versailles League of Nations

10. Fourteen Points Wilson’s ideas for peace – Reduce weapons – Allow all people to freely choose their own form of government (self-determination) Fourteen Points

11. Punish Germany! Make them pay! Punish Germany, but keep Germany strong! Disarm! Self- determination! Join the League of Nations! Most Peaceful Least Peaceful David Lloyd George Clemenceau President Wilson

12. Treaty of Versailles Aligned with the ideas of Clemenceau – Germany forced to pay enormous amounts of money to the war’s victims – Germany had to take full responsibility for the war – Germany had to limit the size of their military – Germany must return conquered land – German colonies around the world were given away – Part of former Germany was taken and renamed, Poland

13. League of Nations Part of Wilson’s Fourteen Points GOALS: – encourage international cooperation – foster peaceful relations in the future – How does that sound to you?

15. Fractured Ottoman Empire New independent nations were created such as; Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Turkey

16. Mandates in the Middle East Former Ottoman lands that were to be ruled by European powers Mandates were only supposed to be ruled by Europeans until they were strong enough to rule themselves EXAMPLES: – Syria and Lebanon went to France – Palestine and Iraq went to the British

18. Balfour Declaration A declaration issued by Britain establishing a Jewish state in Palestine. Palestine is the area of the ancient Jewish homeland.

19. How would you feel?

20. UN Partition Plan Occupied by British forces British promised Arabs an independent nation in exchange for Arab support. Balfour declaration also promised the Jewish community that they would have a homeland.

21. Cost of World War Human Cost Economic Cost Political Cost Sounds expensive…

22. Human Cost 8.5 million soldiers died 13 million civilians dies 21.2 million soldiers were wounded

23. Economic Cost The war cost the world’s nations an estimated $332 billion Much of Europe was destroyed and had to be rebuilt

24. Political Cost Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire was broken apart Germany was greatly weakened New countries formed in the Middle East and in Europe European colonies in Africa and Asia changed hands

25. Your Turn! General- ization

26. Disarm! Self- determination! Join the League of Nations!

27. Punish Germany, but keep Germany strong!

28. Punish Germany! Make them pay!

29. CREATIVES