1. Kindt • Goldsby • Osborne
Kuby IMMUNOLOGY
Sixth Edition
Chapter 15
Hypersensitivity Reactions
宜蘭大學 動物科技系 免疫學
王愈善
Copyright © 2007 by W. H. Freeman and Company

2. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

3. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

4. Cell-mediated branch
Humoral branch

5. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

7. 證明IgE為過敏反應之主要抗體

8. General mechanism of type I hypersensitive reaction
血管舒張、平滑肌收縮
There Are Several Components of Type I Reactions

9. Electron micrograph of a typical mast cell

10. Close-up of intact granule underlying the plasma membrane of a mast cell

11. Granule releasing its contents

12. IgE-Binding Fc Receptors
Mast cells and basophils
constitutively express FcRI

13. Found on activated B cells
Induced by IL-4

14. IgE cross-linkage initiates degranulation
Mechanisms that can initiate
degranulation of mast cells

15. Biochemical events in mast-cell activation and degranulation

19. Type I Responses Are Regulated by Many Factors

20. Several Methods Are Used to Detect Type I Hypersensitivity Reactions

21. Skin testing by intradermal injection of allergens into the forearm

22. Radioimmunosorbent test (RIST) can quantify nanogram amounts of total serum IgE

23. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) can quantify nanogram amounts of serum IgE specific for a particular allergen

24. Type I Hypersensitivities Can Be
Controlled Medically

25. Hyposensitization treatment of type I allergy

27. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

28. ABO blood group
The antibodies have been induced by natural exposure to similar
antigenic determinants on a variety of microorganisms present
in the normal flora of the gut.

32. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

33. Immune Complex–Mediated
(Type III) Hypersensitivity
補體引起之過敏反應

35. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

41. Outline Gell and Coombs Classification
IgE-Mediated (Type I) Hypersensitivity
Antibody-Mediated Cytotoxic (Type II) Hypersensitivity
Immune Complex–Mediated (Type III) Hypersensitivity
Type IV or Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)

42. Study question
In an immunology laboratory exercise, you are studying the response of mice injected intradermally with complete antibodies to the IgE Fc receptor (FcR1) or with Fab fragments of such antibodies. a. Predict the response expected with each type of antibody. b. Would the responses observed depend on whether the mice were allergic? Explain.

43. Study question
Serum sickness can result when an individual is given a large dose of antiserum such as a mouse antitoxin to snake venom. How could you take advantage of recent technological advances to produce an antitoxin that would not produce serum sickness in patients who receive it?

44. Study question