1. Web and Face-to-Face Career Resources and Services Seminar on Guidance in Finland 2008 Helsinki, Finland 2 October 2008 James P. Sampson, Jr. Docent, University of Jyväskylä Professor, Florida State University Copyright 2008

2. 2 Organization of the Presentation Career Services Service Delivery Tools Career Resources Policy Issues

3. Career Services

4. 4 Readiness for Career Choice Readiness is the capability of an individual to make informed and careful career choices taking into account the complexity of family, social, economic, and organizational factors that influence career development Readiness also includes possessing adequate language skills and literacy skills for communication and learning

5. Two-Dimensional Readiness Model Complexity (high) Complexity (high) Low readiness Moderate readiness Low readiness Moderate readiness High degree of Moderate to low degree High degree of Moderate to low degree support needed of support needed support needed of support needed (Individual Case- (Brief Staff-Assisted (Individual Case- (Brief Staff-Assisted Managed Services) Services) Managed Services) Services) Capability Capability (low) (high) (low) (high) Moderate readiness High readiness Moderate readiness High readiness Moderate to low degree No support needed Moderate to low degree No support needed of support needed (Self-Help mode) of support needed (Self-Help mode) (Brief Staff-Assisted (Brief Staff-Assisted Services) Services) (low) (low)

6. Opiskelijan valmiudet urasuunnitteluun matalatkorkeat Olosuhteet urasuunnittelulle suotuisat rajalliset Ohjaavan ympäristön itsepalvelukäyttö - korkea valmius Ohjaaminen resurssien itsepalvelukäyttöön - kohtuulliset valmiudet Ohjaaminen resurssien itsepalvelukäyttöön - kohtuulliset valmiudet Henkilökohtaisemmat lähestymistavat ohjauksessa - matalat valmiudet (Sampson & Peterson & Reardon & Lenz 2000)

7. 7 Three Levels of Service Delivery Instead of one level of service for all, three levels of service are needed to meet individual needs ranging from those who are: –self-motivated and able to learn successfully on their own –suffering from low readiness for decision- making who need substantial assistance to successfully learn

8. 8 Three Levels of Service Delivery The three levels of service include –Self-help services for young people and adults with high readiness for decision making –Brief staff-assisted services for young people and adults with moderate readiness –Individual case-managed services for young people and adults with low readiness

9. Differentiated Service Delivery Model Comprehensive Screening Individual Enters Self-Help Services Brief Staff-Assisted Services Individual Case-Managed Services Self or Staff Referral Brief Screening Complete differentiated model of delivering career resources and services

10. 10 Seven-Step Sequence for Face–to-Face Services 1. Initial interview 2. Preliminary assessment 3. Define problem and identify causes 4. Formulate goals 5. Develop an individual learning plan 6. Complete the individual learning plan 7. Summative review and generalization

11. 11 Steps in Promoting Effective Use of Career Resources Four-step process 1.Understanding 2.Recommending 3.Orienting 4.Follow-up

12. 12 Four-Step Process Understanding –Clarifying the career assessment and information needs of an individual

13. 13 Four-Step Process Recommending –Suggestions about career assessments and information on the ILP that are appropriate for the needs of the individual –Helping strategies Selecting Sequencing Pacing

14. 14 Four-Step Process Orienting –Preparing individuals to make effective use of career assessments and information

15. 15 Four-Step Process Follow-Up –Checking that individuals have appropriately used the resources and services on their ILP and that they have a plan of action for the future

16. 16 Service Delivery at a Distance Deliver services through the use of e-mail, chat, telephone, or videoconferencing Delivered to persons who may –be underserved with face-to-face services –prefer the convenience of remote assistance

17. 17 Distance Counseling as a Necessity Persons with disabilities who have mobility problems Persons in remote geographic areas who lack access to resources and services Persons seeking access to practitioners in other locations with specialized expertise Persons reluctant to seek help who use the Internet as a safe place to start obtaining resources and services

18. 18 Distance Counseling as a Convenience Persons who want to access resources and receive services outside of normal business hours Persons who want to access resources and receive services at their place of residence or work

19. 19 Three Levels of Service Delivery Self-help services –Responding to questions about Web-site use Brief staff-assisted services –Screening, recommending, orienting, and follow-up of Web-site use Individual case-managed services –Individual counseling at a distance

20. Service Delivery Tools

21. 21 Resource Guides Resource guides match needs with appropriate resources and services Specific career resources are related to topics (questions commonly asked by young people and adults) Selection of topics and creation of the guides is based on the expert judgment of practitioners

22. 22 Resource Guides Resource guides can also recommend a sequence of resources, such as reviewing basic information on occupations prior to conducting an information interview Resource guides, resources, and signs can be color coded to make it easier to locate specific resources Guides should be available in multiple locations in the career resource room

23. 23 Potential Resource Guide Titles “Making Career Decisions” “Learning About Yourself” “Learning About Occupations” “Deciding About Education” “Choosing a Training Program” “Paying for Your Education or Training” “Getting a Job”

24. 24 Elements of a Resource Guide Title of the Resource Guide Intended Learning Outcome for the Guide Title of the Resource or Service Learning Outcome Statement Description of the Resource or Service Recommendations for Effective Use Locating the Resources or Services

25. 25 Diagnostic Assessments Diagnostic measure Diagnostic interview

26. 26 Diagnostic Measure Helps clarify the nature of an individual’s career problem Helps estimate the readiness of an individual for career decision making Helps the practitioner and the individual to determine the level of service needed

27. 27 Diagnostic Measure Practitioners should use –a combination of test results –discussion of individual items –discussion of an individual’s situation before making suggestions about an individual’s readiness for career choice

28. 28 Diagnostic Measure Characteristics of effective diagnostic measure –Quickly administered –Quickly scored –Having appropriate norms

29. 29 Diagnostic Interview Potential questions –“Do you have any ideas about the type of education you’re looking for? –“Do you have any schools, colleges, or universities you’re considering right now? –“Any thoughts about job training that you are interested in? –“Do you have any training programs you’re considering right now?

30. 30 Individual Learning Plans (ILPs) Provides individuals with assistance in sequencing career resources and activities to meet identified goals Used in both brief staff-assisted and individual case-managed services

31. 31 Individual Learning Plans (ILPs) After the initial ILP is complete, an individual should have increased confidence that the practitioner is –concerned about their welfare –able to help them better understand their career problem –knowledgeable about specific resources and services that relate to their career problem and goals

32. 32 Sequence for Developing an ILP 1.Collaborate with the individual in identifying goals for making a career decision. 2.Identify a resource or activity 3.Note the purpose of using the resource or completing the activity

33. 33 Sequence for Developing an ILP 4.Note the estimated time commitment to use the resource or complete the activity 5.Note the goal served by using the resource or completing the activity 6.After all of the above are completed, select a priority order for using resources and completing activities

34. Career Resources

35. 35 Career Resources The resource room (or resource area) Internet Web sites Information handouts

36. 36 Resource Room Provides individuals with access to career resources with staff providing varying levels of assistance resources based on individual needs It is not possible to deliver differentiated services without having a career resource room

37. 37 Resource Room An area for greeting individuals when they enter is essential in providing a welcoming, supportive atmosphere that facilitates learning

38. 38 Internet Web Sites All levels of service delivery can make use of Web sites that provide –remote access to career assessments and career information –links and referrals to career services In brief staff-assisted and individual case- managed services, specific content on a Web site can be assigned on the ILP

39. 39 Internet Web Sites and Distance Counseling Practitioner can refer an individual to specific content on a Web site that relates to a problem being discussed The “teachable moment” provides practitioners with an opportunity to help individuals immediately process and apply what they are learning

40. 40 Information Handouts Information handouts provide brief, consumable, and easy to use sources of information to help individuals make occupational, educational, training, and employment decisions

41. 41 Information Handouts All levels of service delivery make use of information handouts Topics and content will vary according to the needs of individuals served in a specific organization or geographic area Handouts should be included on related resource guides and vice versa

42. 42 Elements of an Information Handout Title Learning Outcome Headings Content Other Resources and Services

43. Policy Issues

44. 44 Challenges Integration of face-to-face and distance career resources and services Integration of stakeholders and social partners to create a seamless system of service delivery

45. 45 Unique Opportunity EducationLabor Other Social Partners Face-to-face resources and services Distance resources and services

46. 46 References Sampson, J. P., Jr. (2008). Designing and implementing career programs: A handbook for effective practice. Broken Arrow, OK: National Career Development Association.

47. 47 References Sampson, J. P., Jr., Reardon, R. C., Peterson, G. W., & Lenz, J. G. (2004). Career counseling and services: A cognitive information processing approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

48. For more information www.career.fsu.edu/techcenter