2. 1914- 1918: THE WORLD AT WAR 1914- 1918: THE WORLD AT WAR

3. CAUSE S OF THE WAR

4. 1. The Alliance System Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

5. Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers:

6. The Major Players: 1914-17 Nicholas II [Rus] George V [Br] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Allied Powers: Franz Josef [A-H] Wilhelm II [Ger] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Central Powers: Enver Pasha [Turkey]

7. Europe in 1914

8. 2. Militarism & Arms Race 187018801890190019101914 94130154268289398 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France10% Britain13% Russia39% Germany73% Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s.

9. 3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries

10. 4. Aggressive Nationalism

11. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe

12. THE “SPAR K”

13. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

14. The Assassination: Sarajevo

15. The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip Gavrilo Princip

16. Who’s To Blame?

17. The Schlieffen Plan

18. Mobilization It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there! But my heart's right there! It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there!  Home by Christmas!  No major war in 50 years!  Nationalism! HHHHome by Christmas! NNNNo major war in 50 years! NNNNationalism!

19. Recruitment Posters

20. A Young Australian Recruit

21. Recruits of the Central Powers Austro-HungariansAustro-Hungarians A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother

22. New French Recruits

23. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

25. WOME N AND THE WAR EFFOR T

26. Financing the War

27. For Recruitment

28. Munitions Workers

29. French Women Factory Workers

30. German Women Factory Workers

31. Working in the Fields

32. A Woman Ambulance Driver

33. Red Cross Nurses

34. Women in the Army Auxiliary

35. Russian Women Soldiers

36. Spies e “Mata Hari” e Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle e German Spy! e “Mata Hari” e Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle e German Spy!

37. POSTERS : WARTIME PROPAGA NDA

38. Australian Poster

39. American Poster

40. Financing the War

41. German Poster Think of Your Children!

42. THE WESTERN FRONT: A “WAR OF ATTRITION”

43. A Multi-Front War

44. The Western Front

45. Trench Warfare

46. “No Man’s Land”

47. Verdun – February, 1916 e German offensive. e Each side had 500,000 casualties. e German offensive. e Each side had 500,000 casualties.

48. The Somme – July, 1916 e 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. e Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months. e 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. e Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

49. War Is HELL !!

50. Sacrifices in War

51. Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

52. THE EASTER N FRONT

53. The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915

54. Turkish Cavalry in Palestine

55. T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”, 1916-18

56. AMERI CA JOINS THE ALLIES

57. The Sinking of the Lusitania

58. The Zimmerman Telegram

59. The Yanks Are Coming! The Yanks Are Coming!

60. Americans in the Trenches

61. THE WAR OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIO N: NEW TECHNOLOGY

62. French Renault Tank

63. British Tank at Ypres

64. U-Boats

65. Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

66. The Airplane “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

67. The Flying Aces of World War I Eddie Rickenbacher, US Francesco Barraco, It. Rene Pauk Fonck, Fr. Manfred von Richtoffen, Ger. [The “Red Baron”] Willy Coppens de Holthust, Belg. Eddie “Mick” Mannoch, Br.

68. Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant

69. Looking for the “Red Baron?”

70. The Zeppelin

71. Flame Throwers Grenade Launchers

72. Poison Gas Machine Gun

73. “ART” OF WORLD WAR I

74. “A Street in Arras” John Singer Sargent, 1918

75. “Oppy Wood” – John Nash, 1917

76. “Those Who Have Lost Their Names” Albin Eggar-Linz, 1914

77. “Gassed and Wounded” Eric Kennington, 1918

78. “Paths of Glory” C. R. W. Nevinson, 1917

79. German Cartoon: “Fit for active service!”, 1918

80. 1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died

81. 11 a.m., November 11, 1918 The Armistice is Signed!

82. 9,000,000 Dead 9,000,000 Dead

83. The Somme American Cemetary, France 116,516 Americans Died

84. World War I Casualties

85. Turkish Genocide Against Armenians A Portent of Future Horrors to Come!

86. Turkish Genocide Against Armenians Districts & Vilayets of Western Armenia in Turkey 19141922 Erzerum215,0001,500 Van197,000500 Kharbert204,00035,000 Diarbekir124,0003,000 Bitlis220,00056,000 Sivas225,00016,800 Other Armenian-populated Sites in Turkey Western Anatolia371,80027,000 Cilicia and Northern Syria309,00070,000 European Turkey194,000163,000 Trapizond District73,39015,000 Total 2,133,190387,800