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The British Empire By: Gavin & Scott
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"The Sun Never Sets On The British Empire"
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The Jewel In The Crown: India Britain’s most important acquisition. The British East India Company was established. Gained power and influence through aggression and trading. British East India company grew in power, eventually encompassing all of India and countries along the Ganges River. Ruled over India indirectly.
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British Africa Obtained the Cape in Southern Africa from the Dutch Eventually spread up the Eastern Coast to Africa. Built a railroad between Egypt and the mineral rich South. Made even bigger gains after taking Eastern territories from Germany.
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Australia/New Zealand Originally established as a penal colonies. Both were profitable with the export of gold and wool. Were ruled totally by Britain until they achieved self governance at the beginning of the 1900’s. After WWI, they drifted even further away from the UK, eventually claiming independence.
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Caribbean During the years of the slave trade Britain set up many colonies around the Caribbean. Maintained dominance on these islands until they began to claim independence. Once Jamaica and Trinidad left "The West Indies Federation”, the other islands followed in the 1950’s and 1960’s.
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China/Hong Kong After India, one of Britain’s most important colonies. After the Opium wars, Britain controlled the port city of Hong Kong Was the last British territory within the Empire to be handed over to the native people. Was handed over in 1997 to the Chinese.
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Collapse of the British Empire After WWII, Nationalistic feeling arose in many of the British territories. Many countries gained independence, normally through peaceful means. Britain tried to maintain the empire but ultimately failed. The handing over of Hong Kong to China was seen as "the end” of the British Empire.
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British Overseas Territories Fourteen Territories still under British rule. Well known territories include: – Bermuda – Gibraltar – Cayman Islands – Montserrat – British Virgin Islands – Etc.
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The Commonwealth An intergoverenmental organisation. 53 Member states, 2 of which were not part of British Empire. 15 members still regard Queen as the head of state.
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