1. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Pipe systems PVC-Solid wall PVC-ML foam PVC-ML foam +recyclates PP twin wall PP smooth mono PP smooth multi DRAINAGE – SEWAGE SIDE (non pressure) Sewage and drainage applications

2. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Dia: DN/OD 250 mm SN 4 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PVC-U solid wall SN 4 EN 1401 Socketed PVC-U fittings SBR sealing rings Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% PVC solid wall; Sewage pipe systems functional unit Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years

3. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm PVC-U solid wall sewage system environmental performance Average appr. 92 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

4. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC-U solid wall pipe system 26,9 Kg PVC-U solid wall sewage system global warming comparison Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-U solid wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent)

5. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PVC-U solid wall sewage system global warming comparison PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

6. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Diameter: DN/OD 250 mm SN 4 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PVC multilayer foam EN 13476 Socketed PVC-U fittings SBR sealing rings Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. PVC multilayer foam core; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years

7. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC multilayer foam sewage pipe systems environmental performance PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm Average appr. 88 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

8. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC multilayer foam sewage pipe systems global warming comparison 22,7 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer foam pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) PVC multilayer foam pipe system

9. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PVC multilayer foam sewage pipe system global warming comparison PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

10. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Diameter: DN/OD 250 mm SN 4 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PVC multilayer recyclates EN 13476 Socketed PVC-U fittings SBR sealing rings Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% PVC multilayer foam plus recyclates; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years

11. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC multilayer foam with recyclates; Sewage pipe systems environmental performance PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm Average appr. 88 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

12. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PVC multilayer foam with recyclates; Sewage pipe systems global warming comparison 21,7 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system

13. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PVC multilayer foam with recyclates; Sewage pipe systems global warming comparison PVC DN/OD 250 mm vs. concrete DN 250 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

14. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Diameter: DN/ID 300 mm SN 8 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PP structured (twin) wall EN 13476 Socketed PP fittings SBR sealing rings Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% PP structured (twin) wall; Sewage pipe systems functional unit Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years

15. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PP structured (twin)wall sewage pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 88 % PP DN/ID 300 mm vs. Concrete DN 300 mm Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

16. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PP structured (twin)wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison 23 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP structured (twin) wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) PP structured (twin) wall pipe system

17. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PP structured (twin)wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison PP DN/ID 300 mm vs. Concrete DN 300 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

18. Properties Diameter: DN/OD 315 mm SN 8; S 10 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PP monolayer, solid wall EN 1852 Socketed PP fittings SBR & EPDM sealing rings (50 – 50%) Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years PP monolayer, Sewage pipe systems functional unit

19. PP monolayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 93 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

20. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PP monolayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison 40 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP DN/OD 315 mm monolayer pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) PP DN/OD 315 mm monolayer, solid wall sewer pipe system

21. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PP DN/OD 315 mm vs. Concrete DN 300 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) PP monolayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison

22. Properties Diameter: DN/OD 315 mm SN 8, S 10 kN/m 2 Length 100 m Manhole at 45 m intervals PP smooth wall, multilayer EN 13476 and National standard Socketed PP fittings SBR sealing rings Slope 1/200 Filling rate 100% PP structured (multilayer) wall, Sewage pipe systems functional unit Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Service lifetime 100 years

23. PP multilayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 96 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures

24. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PP multilayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison 39,7 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP DN/OD 315 mm multilayer pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) PP DN/OD 315 mm multilayer, solid wall sewer pipe system

25. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PP DN/OD 315 mm vs. Concrete DN 300 mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) PP multilayer, solid wall sewage pipe systems global warming comparison

26. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 SUPPLY SIDE (pressure) Pipe systems PEX solid wall Polymer/Al/Polymer ML PP-R Plumbing, Hot & Cold applications

27. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Pipes PEX Solid wall, single layer Fittings PPSU and Brass EN 806 and EN 15875 PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems functional unit Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m 2 to the taps Service lifetime 50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

28. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 23 % Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures

29. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 0,9 Kg 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km PEX pipe system Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PEX solid wall Hot&Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems global warming comparison

30. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

31. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Properties Pipes Different wall structures and combinations of PE and PEX materials with Aluminium middle layer EN ISO 21003 Fittings PPSU and Brass System EN 806 Polymer/Aluminium/Polymer; Hot&Cold water pipe systems functional unit Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m 2 to the taps Service lifetime 50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

32. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Polymer/Aluminium/Polymer; Hot&Cold water pipe systems environmental performance Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures Average appr. 18,3 %

33. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of Polymer/Al/Polymer ML Hot & Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg Transport aircraft 2000 km Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) 0,8 Kg Pol/Al/Pol ML pipe system

34. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

35. Properties Pipes PP-R Solid wall, single layer Fittings PP-R and PP-R with brass inserts EN 806 and EN 15874 PP-R hot & cold water pipe systems functional unit Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc. Function The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m 2 to the taps Service lifetime 50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

36. PP-R hot & cold pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 18% Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures

37. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 PP-R hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP-R solid wall hot & cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon Transport aircraft 2000 km 334 Kg Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) 1,0 Kg PP-R pipe system

38. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Comparison is based on the functional unit Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) PP-R hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison

39. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014  The development of EPD’s allows a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems over their life cycle  EPD’s indicate that the impact of plastic pipe systems on the environment is smaller than traditional materials  TEPPFA is committed to review the EPD’s every 5 years according to ISO standards and EN 15804 requirements  TEPPFA members are committed to use EPD’s as tool to further reduce the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems Conclusion

40. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 TEPPFA Avenue de Cortenbergh, 71 1000 Brussels Belgium tel: +32 2 736 24 06 www.teppfa.eu info@teppfa.eu Contact info

41. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Disclaimer

42. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Back up slides - Indicators

43. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Environmental indicators of the life cycle assessment The Life Cycle Impact of the system on the environment is assesed according to the following environment impact categories*: 1. Abiotic depletion fossil and non-fossil: exhaustion of natural resources 2.Acidification 3. Eutrophication 4. Global warming 5. Ozone layer depletion 6. Photochemical oxidation The final EN15804 standard, which came into force in 2012, specifies 7 impact criteria, rather than 6 (as prEN 15804). The impact category abiotic depletion was divided into two parts: fossil and non-fossil. (fossil resources like oil, etc. are expressed in MJ equivalent; the non-fossil resources ex. elements is expressed in the Sb equivalent) TEPPFA EPDs finalized after 2012 follow EN 15804 principles and use 7 impact categories, previous studies only refer to 6 categories. The attribution of abiotic depletion into fossil and non-fossil will be done when the 5 year revision of EPD’s is due.

44. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 1. Abiotic depletion (fossil and non-fossil) Over-extraction of minerals, fossil fuels and other non-living, non-renewable materials leads to exhaustion of our natural resources 2. Acidification potential Emissions, such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, from manufacturing processes result in acid rain which harms our soil, water supplies, human and animal organisms, and our ecosystem Environmental impact indicators

45. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 3. Eutrophication potential Eutrophication results from over-fertilisation of water and soil by nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from human activity, speeding up plant growth and killing off animal life in lakes and waterways 4. Global warming potential (CO2 equivalent) The insulating effect of greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and methane, in our atmosphere is a major contributor to global warming, affecting our health and that of the ecosystem in which we live Environmental impact indicators

46. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 5. Ozone-depletion potential Depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere caused by the emission of chemical foaming and cleaning agents allows the passage of greater levels of UV from the sun, causing skin cancer and reducing crop yields 6. Photochemical oxidation potential The photochemical reaction of sunlight with primary air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides leads to chemical smog that affect our health and that of our ecosystem and food crops Environmental impact indicators

47. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014 Back up slides – Detailed data

48. V-TEPPFA 5N/2014 30 October 2014  All data presented are on yearly basis  Data for traditional materials (Concrete, Ductile Iron and Copper) are based on publicly available data  Traditional material LCA reports have been validated (critical reviews by Denkstatt completed in 2011 - 2012)  All the studies are the property of TEPPFA  For more information please contact info@teppfa.eu or visit www.teppfa.euinfo@teppfa.www.teppfa.eu Important information