1. Texas DPS AFIS Update Texas Homeland Security Conference San Antonio April 27, 2011

2. DPS AFIS Overview Increased Capacity Increased Throughput New Functionality Mobile ID

3. Increased Capacity LegacyNew Tenprint Database10,000,00015,000,000 Unsolved Latent Database125,000200,000 Current Database populations: Tenprint – 9,423,725 Latent - 118,489

4. Increased Throughput LegacyNew Tenprint Processing6,000 per day12,000 per day Latent Processing220 per day400 per day

5. New Functionality - Palms Capacity LegacyNew Palm Database02,000,000 Latent Palm Database050,000 Throughput LegacyNew Palm Processing02,000 per day Latent Palm Processing0100 per day

6. New Functionality - Palms What is being accepted? Full palms and writer’s palms OR Upper and lower half palms with significant overlay and writer’s palms

7. New Functionality - Palms Who is sending palms? –More than 170 agencies across the state Sheriff’s Offices (160+) Police Departments (5+) Texas DCJ (5) – Current palm database population 548,212 –Palms must be sent in electronically, along with a set of the rolled fingerprints

8. New Functionality - Palms Who is searching the palm database? –Currently, only NEC latent terminals can search the palm database (43 sites) –Working with FBI on a Universal Latent Workstation (ULW) upgrade to include ability to search palms using Type 9 minutia records. Currently 38 Texas agencies utilize the ULW platform to search latent fingers on the DPS and FBI AFIS’. –Current unsolved latent palm entries – 7,557

9. New Functionality - Slaps Slap matching –NIST studies indicate that slap matching results in 11% more hits than by matching on rolled prints alone. –Current slap database population is 2,859,095

10. New Functionality – Secure Communities Secure Communities’ first goal is to identify all criminal aliens held in jails and prisons The program relies on the sharing of national and local immigration and law enforcement data through a technology and process called IAFIS/IDENT Interoperability IAFIS is FBI’s fingerprint database IDENT is Homeland Security’s fingerprint database The process works as follows Local officers take and submit prints of all persons booked to the DPS After being processed at DPS, prints will be checked automatically against IAFIS (FBI) and IDENT (DHS) for potential matches ICE will take enforcement action on removable aliens being charged with or who have been previously convicted of a violent or major drug crime

11. New Functionality – Secure Communities (Routing)

12. New Functionality – Secure Communities (What is searched?) IDENT Watch List Known or Suspected Terrorists DoD Military Operations Wanted Persons Deported Felons International Criminals Sexual Registrants Lookouts Aliens/Criminal History Select State/Local Criminals Gangs Expedited Removals Visa Denials Recidivists/Alerts POE Adverse Actions US-VISIT Watch List Entry (CBP) Asylum (USCIS) Refugee (USCIS) Immigration Benefits (USCIS) Visa Applications (DOS) Border Crossing Card Applications (DOS) Registered Traveler (CBP) IDENT Database Identity Information

13. New Functionality – Secure Communities Who is searching IDENT? – All Texas arrests reported to DPS are searched against SC. What about latents? – Currently, DHS will accept cases to be searched against IDENT by DHS latent examiners. Currently working with DHS to gain automated access to IDENT for latent purposes.

14. Mobile ID The term “Mobile ID” can conjure up several different interpretations. In the strictest sense, it may consist of an un- tethered device used to capture one or more biometric samples from a subject. The captured data sample(s) may then be compared to other samples contained in a database resident on that device. The data may also be transmitted to and compared to samples in a central repository or an onboard computer repository located in a nearby vehicle. Such vehicles may include jurisdictional police cars, border patrol vehicles and military combat vehicles. This scenario allows for comparison to larger databases than otherwise available on a handheld device or in a nearby vehicle. Additionally, a device physically attached to a computer located in a vehicle that acquires biometric samples may also be considered as a Mobile ID device

15. How to leverage installed systems Interoperability- Image versus proprietary template Accuracy – if its not accurate, who cares if its mobile! Subject Acquisition Profiles or “Why are you taking the prints?” Need to implement incremental enhancements to improve existing processes The Mobile ID Challenge

16. Mobile ID Solutions AFIS works – no problem! Problem area – mobile devices –No real standards –Proprietary solutions Standards development – NIST Mobile ID best practices

17. NIST Mobile ID best practices

18. Mobile ID Plans at DPS Texas Mobile ID System –DPS will make a mobile ID system available for searching by Sept. 2011. Texas Mobile ID Devices –DPS will not provide Mobile ID devices and does not make recommendations on devices, however, DPS will require devices to adhere to national standards: Interoperability – The DPS system will only accept image based searches – minutia based searches will not be supported. Accuracy – in order to insure accuracy, DPS will require images captured by the devices to generate a minimum NFIQ score of 7 in order to be processed. Backward Compatibility – DPS will grandfather existing devices that meet the minimum SAP of 10. Incremental quality improvement – DPS will establish threshold quality criteria for the acquisition of new equipment (i.e. SAP of 30 or greater for new devices). Finger selection - Mobile ID can accept between 2 and 10 finger searches. Recommended fingers are 2 and 6 (index fingers).

19. Mobile ID Plans at DPS (cont.) Texas Mobile ID Services –DPS will provide access to the entire Texas criminal history file. The system will also have the ability to flag individuals of special interest. –Submissions will be processed in a “lights out” fashion without human intervention. Automated threshold scoring will determine match responses. Three types of responses will be available “Red” – A red response is a positive hit against a subject in the database. “Yellow” – A yellow response is an indeterminate response. There can be up to two yellow responses per transaction. However, vendor is contractually obligated to have no more than 10% yellow responses. Additionally, yellow response will be accompanied by a photo of the candidate (if available and requested by submitter). “Green” A green response is a no hit. –Submission response will be less than 1 minute (outside of network transport time)

20. Requirements for Participation Local law enforcement must have an appropriate use policy for Mobile ID. Devices must adhere to standards published by DPS Local law enforcement must enter into an MOU with DPS regarding system use. Local law enforcement must be willing to provide feedback on success stories achieved through mobile ID.

21. Current Mobile ID Service Available Through DPS - RISC RISC – FBI’s Repository for Individuals of Special Concern –RISC contains fingerprint images for wanted persons, known / suspected terrorists (KST) and sexual offenders. Unlike the DPS system, the FBI criminal master file is NOT searched. –Like the DPS Mobile ID, RISC offers a rapid, lights out search of these records using less than 10 fingers (generally the two index fingers).

22. RISC in action - Acquisition Officers acquire the fingerprints of subject. Depending on the device used, a DL can be swiped to pre-populate biographic data. Acquisition devices can be used in a manner that optimizes officer safety. Devices are available that have self contained telecommunications, or they can be tethered to the officer’s MDT.

23. RISC in action - Response RISC transactions are sent from the LEA to DPS via encrypted email. DPS then forwards the transaction to the FBI via the CJIS WAN. Elapsed time from the moment it is received at DPS until a response leaves DPS averages around 40 seconds. Because RISC submissions are processed in a “lights out” fashion, response are red (hit), green (no-hit) or yellow (indeterminate). Currently no photo is available for yellow response, but FBI is working on that enhancement.

24. Texas RISC Success Green Responses9,29387.19% Yellow Responses1351.27% All Red Responses1891.77% Unique Red Responses1581.48% Reject Responses1,0419.77% False Positives00% False Negatives560.60% Yellow(s) To Ident12894.81% Yellow(s) To Non-Ident75.19% From 07/31/2009 to 04/19/2011: 310,658 submissions 189 “hits”. Post process review showed 128 more hits. Hits have ranged from wants (murder, agg assault) to Immigration Violator File hits to Sex Offender hits. Most important, name searches came back clean!

25. Mobile ID and RISC Once the DPS Mobile ID is in place, local law enforcement will be able to submit one transaction in the standardized mobile ID format (TOT = RPIS) to DPS and they will be able to search DPS and the FBI. DPS will copy the one submission and forward it to the FBI while at the same time, search the DPS database. The local law enforcement user will receive two response transactions ( RPISR ) – one from DPS and one from the FBI.

26. Questions Any

27. Contact Info Mike Lesko Deputy Assistant Director Law Enforcement Services Division Crime Records Service Texas DPS mike.lesko@txdps.state.tx.us 512 424-2524