2. Electrical Current --Recall that Electricity is a flow of moving electrons. --Electricity’s electrons always travel from the (-) to the (+).

3. Electrical Current --The path the electrons in electricity move through is called a circuit.

4. --Electrons will only travel through a circuit as Electricity if… 1. There is a (-) side {start} and a (+) side {finish line} to the circuit.

5. Note: add to your notepages! Electrical currents will ALWAYS travel the path of least resistance to flow to the (+) side of a circuit (or ground).

6. The (-) side of the circuit supplies the electrons, AND pushes the electrons out. The (+) side “pulls” the opposite-charged electrons through the circuit’s path.

7. --Electrons will only travel through a circuit as Electricity if… 2. If there is NO gaps, spaces, or breaks in the circuit’s pathway—Electrons have trouble crossing empty spaces.

8. Measuring Electrical Current --Electrical Current, like other energy waves can be measured by its Power, and its Speed.

9. Measuring Electrical Voltage Voltage measures the Power, or potential energy of an electric current. When Voltage is high, then more electrical work could be done.

10. Measuring Electrical Voltage Voltage is increased as the (-) and (+) ends of a circuit get “charged.” (adding/losing electrons)

11. Measuring Electrical Current For example, rubbing your socks/feet on a fuzzy carpet can make you shock people. The longer you rub on the carpet, the more electrons you gather in your body, and the more (-) you become.

12. Measuring Electrical Current Your Voltage will increase as you collect more electrons, allowing you to make a more powerful shock against someone.

13. Measuring Electrical Current Amps describe the speed of an electrical current (like frequency of a wave)

14. Measuring Electrical Current Higher voltages will create a higher amp rating (faster current-more power). Lower voltages will create a Lower amp rating (Slower current).

15. Measuring Electrical Current Some electrical devices will only work if the current’s speed (amps) are at the correct level. Too slow= will not work at all Too Fast = will burn out the device

16. Measuring Electrical Current Electrons in a circuit also have to deal with Resistance by Friction. Resistance measures the rate friction slows the movement of electrons in a circuit.

17. Measuring Electrical Current If the resistance is too high in a circuit, the electrons cannot move forward.

18. Measuring Electrical Current Resistance can also be used in adaptors to control the amp rate of electrical current from a high Voltage source.

19. Voltage, Amps and Resistance A common analogy for showing the relation between Voltage, Amps and Resistance is a water pipe.

20. Voltage, Amps and Resistance The Water Pressure in the pipe is like the Voltage—it can make the water flow fast or slow.

21. Voltage, Amps and Resistance The Size of the Pipe is like the Resistance—the wider it is, the easier it is for the water to flow out. The smaller the opening, the harder it will be for the water to flow out.

22. Voltage, Amps and Resistance How the Water Flows is like the amps of electrical current. The higher the pressure (voltage) and the wider the pipe (resistance) the faster the water will move out of the pipe (amps)