1. King County’s Changing Demographics Investigating Our Increasing Diversity Chandler Felt, Demographer King County Office of Performance, Strategy and Budget Office of Law Enforcement Oversight, April 1, 2016

2. A note on sources Decennial Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 American Community Survey (ACS) –Most recent detailed data, 2010-14 Reliability of data –ACS accuracy is not so good Margins of Error

3. King County Population Growth, 2000 - 2015 King County now more than 2 million people Gained 300,000 persons Gain: more than population of Tacoma Population grew 11%, while job numbers remained flat (2000-2010) Data we’re reporting are from 2010 Census and American Community Survey

4. The region’s population is becoming increasingly diverse: 1990 1990,

5. The region’s population is becoming increasingly diverse: 2000

6. The region’s population is becoming increasingly diverse: 2010

7. Population diversity: compare King County to the U.S.

8. Appearance of Equity At a glance, King County outperforms the U.S. on socio-economic indicators

9. A Closer Look Income by Race & Place

10. How did we get into this complex pattern of disparity?

11. 20 years of King County growth: increase is mostly persons of color

12. Nearly half of King County kids are children of color

13. Where is our growth coming from? Only half of population growth is from natural increase – our own children Before 1990, migration – e.g. California Between 1990 - 2010, immigration – - All parts of Asia - Latin America - Eastern Europe - Africa - Some from these regions, via US states

14. More than half of our recent growth is immigration

15. Immigrants arrive from all over the world

16. Refugee population in King County Numbers steady until recently South King has majority

17. Increasing numbers speak other languages

18. King County residents speak 170+ different languag es

20. Spanish speakers in King County by census tract Highest category: 18% - 37% speaking Spanish Spanish speakers are widely distributed

21. Chinese languages in King County Highest category: 10% - 47% speaking Chinese. Evenly split between Cantonese, Mandarin Also widely distributed, Seattle and Eastside

22. African languages in King County Highest category: 10% - 17% speaking languages including Amharic, Tigrinya, Somali. Clustered in Seattle and SW King County

23. Household types have changed little since 2000 - single persons remain the largest category

24. King County Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity: Updated data

25. Income distribution: where’s the middle class? KC-income Cats07updt

26. Updated Income Distribution: where’s the middle class now?

27. Increasing Income Inequality – a more accurate portrayal

28. Poverty rates increased, especially in the suburbs: Poverty Rates, 1990 - 2014

29. Number of Persons Below Poverty, 1990 - 2014

30. Children below poverty, countywide: number has doubled since 1990

31. King County Kids Below Poverty by Race: 2008 and 2013 Before and “after” the Great Recession. Note largest increases were among Latino and multi-race children.

33. Unincorporated King County: a dwindling share

34. Continuing shift into cities

35. The Sheriff serves a quarter of King County

36. KCSO Service Area Ethnicity

37. Some demographic characteristics, Uninc KC; Contract cities Population of Youth ages 15 – 24: –30,000 / 11.8%; 32,000 / 11.6% Language spoken at home: –41,000 / 17%; 68,000 / 27% Foreign-born population: –35,000 / 14%; 57,000 / 21% Median household income: –About $89,000; about $78,000

38. What future trends can we expect? Continuing population growth in King County. Continuing increase in diversity of cultures. Perhaps increasing disparity between communities. Growth in Seattle and the suburban cities - with the greatest changes in the suburbs. Continuing shift from unincorporated into cities –(buffered for Sheriff by contracts with some cities)

39. Thank you ! Questions…? - Chandler Felt, Demographer -King County Office of Performance, Strategy and Budget -Seattle, WA 98104 -(206) 263 – 9693 -Chandler.felt@kingcounty.govChandler.felt@kingcounty.gov

40. Leftovers Not in presentation, but available in case other issues come up in Q&A

41. Number of Foreclosures Grew Dramatically During and After the Recession

42. A Closer Look Graduation Rates by Race & Place difference of 29.8% 84.8 % 55.0 %

43. Numbers of persons below poverty: now primarily in the suburbs

44. Housing Affordability In many areas, half of households were paying 30% or more of their incomes for housing in 2008-2010. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006-2010American Community Survey Note: ACS estimates contain margins of error and differences between neighborhoods shown in map may not be statistically significant.

45. Persons of color are widely distributed across the county

46. “Food deserts” – no nearby grocery stores