1. History 1301 U.S. History to 1877 Slide Set 6 Central Texas College Fort Knox, Kentucky Bruce A. McKain

2. Secession! 20 December 1860 South Carolina declares itself out of the Union. By 1 February 1861 Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas join South Carolina.

3. The Confederate States of America President Jefferson Davis Vice President Alexander Stephens

4. Confederate States of America February 1861 – Montgomery Convention – Declare CSA – Constitution Slavery recognized Tariffs Prohibited Single Six Year Presidential Term Line Item Veto State Sovereignty (Confederal Form of Government)

5. Confederate Cabinet

6. March 1861 Inauguration

7. First Shots Ft Sumter – Major Robert Anderson commanding, called for and promised reinforcements. – P.G.T. Beauregard commanded South Carolina forces in Charleston. – 4:30 a.m. 12 April 1861 Edmund Ruffin(right)fires the first shot?

8. Ft Sumter Major Robert AndersonGeneral P.G.T. Beauregard

9. Ft Sumter The Battle Confederate forces fire an almost continuous barrage into Sumter, which limited its return fire due to a lack of munitions. Major Anderson surrenders 13 April 1861. During the firing of the salute to the colors a Private is killed when a cannon explodes. The only casualty of the battle. The guns of Sumter

10. War! Lincoln’s Reaction to Ft Sumter Calls for 75,000 volunteers for 90 days service to put down the rebellion. The South’s Reaction to Fort Sumter Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Arkansas join the Confederacy.

11. Relative Strengths NORTH – Most of Nations wealth was in the banks of the North. – 20:1 Industrial advantage in number of factories. Plus most large factories were in North. – 3:1 advantage in population. – U.S. Navy was largely Northern and remained loyal. – Most of the Railroads were in the North. SOUTH – Large territory – Did not have to win, just not lose. – Home ground advantage. – Defensive War. – Highly qualified officers joined the South. Plus the South had a long tradition of sending its sons to military schools. – Riding and Hunting were part of the Southern culture.

12. Army Chief of Staff General Winfield Scott

13. Opposing Strategies North – Quick victory – Anaconda Plan General Winfield Scott’s Plan Navel Blockade Take and Hold Mississippi River and split South in half. Hold strategic points and wait for popular uprising, to throw out the CSA leadership.

14. Opposing Strategies South – Make North quit. – Make the war so costly to the North, that politicians and populace would withdraw support for the war.

15. First Manassas / Bull Run Cub Run

16. Significant Battles – Bull Run / Manassas General Irwin McDowell General P.G.T. Beauregard

17. Bull Run / Manassas – Other Commanders General J.E. Johnston General Thomas J. Jackson

18. First Bull Run/ First Manassas Map 1 Map 2

19. Bull Run / Manassas Jackson’s Four Apostles Jackson’s VMI Brigade

20. Battle of New Orleans Captain David Farragut New Orleans 1862

21. Peninsula Campaign General George McClellan General J.E. Johnston

22. Seven Pine

23. Seven Pines General George McClellan McClellan was a Quartermaster Officer, known for inventing the McClellan saddle which was used until the last Cavalry units were disbanded during WWII. It is still used by ceremonial units today. J.E. Johnston (wounded replaced by) General Robert E. Lee

24. Seven Pines Peninsula Campaign Seven Pines

25. Seven Pines – Professor Lowe uses balloon to observe enemy

26. Seven Days General George McClellan June 26-27 1862 General Robert E. Lee June 30 1862

27. Seven Days continued July 1 st 1862 Lee joined by Jackson during battle.

28. 2 nd Bull Run / 2 nd Manassas General John Pope General Robert E. Lee

29. 2 nd Bull Run / 2 nd Manassas

30. Fort Donelson

31. Ft Henry /Ft Donalson General H.W. HalleckGeneral Albert S. Johnston

32. FT Henry / Ft Donelson General Don Carlos Buell General U.S. Grant

33. Shiloh

34. Shiloh April 6-8 1862 General U.S. Grant General Joseph Johnston

35. Shiloh Shiloh Battlefield Amputation Tent

36. Monitor vs. Merrimac May 1862 USS Monitor CSS Virginia

37. Antietam / Sharpsburg

38. Antietam / Sharpsburg 17 September 1862 General George McClellan (?) General Robert E. Lee

39. Antietam / Sharpsburg Battle Overview 0600 hrs

40. Antietam / Sharpsburg 0730 hrs 0900 hrs

41. Antietam / Sharpsburg 1000 hrs Antietam Bridge

42. Emancipation Proclamation As Drafted As Published

43. 54 th Mass Colonel Robert G. Shaw Storming Ft. Wagner

44. Fredericksburg

45. Fredericksburg 13 December 1862 General Ambrose Burnside General Robert E. Lee

46. Fredericksburg Battle Overview Hooker’s Assault

47. Fredericksburg Sumner Assault Embalming Tent

48. Chancellorsville

49. Chancellorsville 5-6 May 1863 General “Fighting Joe” Hooker General Robert E. Lee

50. Chancellorsville May 1-2 1863 May 3 1863

51. Chancellorsville May 4 1863 The Dictator 13” Mortar

52. R.I.P. Thomas J. Jackson

53. Jackson Died Here

54. Other Issues Trent Affair- JM MasonTrent Affair – J Siddell

55. Other Issues Copperhead Pamphlet Draft Riots

56. Weapons of the Civil War USS Cairo 1862 Parrott Gun 200 pounder

57. Weapons of the Civil War Lee-Enfield Rifled Musket Spencer Carbine

58. Weapons of the Civil War Gatling Gun Mortars

59. Gettysburg

60. Gettysburg – The Campaign

61. Gettysburg July 1-3 1863 General George Meade General Robert E. Lee

62. Gettysburg General John Buford Colonel Joshua Chamberlain

63. Gettysburg General J.F. Reynolds General Oliver Otis Howard

64. Gettysburg General A.P. Hill General George Pickett

65. Gettysburg General Longstreet General John Bell Hood

66. Gettysburg Confederate Dead at Devil’s Den Confederate Prisoners

67. Gettysburg Little Round Top Union Dead at Gettysburg

68. Gettysburg Address The Address Lincoln Prior to the Address

69. Gettysburg Day 1 Day 2

70. Gettysburg Day 3 Pickett’s Charge

71. Gettysburg Lee’s Retreat

72. Vicksburg

73. Vicksburg – Six week siege ends 4 July 1863 General U.S. GrantGeneral John C. Pemberton

74. Vicksburg Phase One Phase Two

75. Vicksburg USS Eads USS Monitor

76. Chickamauga

77. Chickamauga September 19-20 1863 General Rosecrans General Braxton Bragg

78. Chickamauga – Wilder’s Brigade Colonel Thomas Wilder Spencer Carbine

79. Battle of Chattanooga

80. Chattanooga November 23-25 1863 General U.S. Grant – Commander of the West General Braxton Bragg

81. Chattanooga The Battle Company Kitchen

82. Election of 1864 Anti General McClellan Poster March 1865 Inauguration

83. Electoral College Results 1864

84. May to June 1864

85. Wilderness U.S. Grant- Commander all Union Armies General Robert E. Lee

86. Wilderness May 5 1864 May 6 1864

87. Spotsylvania

88. May 10 1864 May 12 1864

89. Cold Harbor

90. June 1 1864 June 3 1864

91. Southern Innovation CSS Hunley CSS Hunley Schematic

92. The Hunley The Commander Lt. Dixon USS Housatonic

93. The Legend Dixon’s Gold Piece Front Dixon’s Gold Piece Obverse

94. Petersburg

95. Petersburg June 1864 – April 1865 General U.S. Grant General Robert E. Lee

96. Petersburg June 21 – 22 1864 June 30 1864

97. Petersburg October 27 1864 March 29-30 1865

98. Petersburg April 2 1865 April 18-19 1865

99. Atlanta

100. Atlanta July – September 1864 General William T. Sherman General John Bell Hood

101. Sherman’s March Sherman Neckties Sherman’s March to the Sea

102. Appomattox Courthouse

103. Appomattox Courthouse April 9 1865 General U.S. Grant General Robert E. Lee

104. Appomattox Appomattox Courthouse Union Headquarters

105. Appomattox Surrender Site Lee Surrenders

106. Other Faces of the War Clara Barton Col. Chivington

107. Other Faces of the War MaryTodd Lincoln Allan Pinkerton

108. After the War

109. Homestead Act of 1862 Effective 1 January 1863 – U.S. Citizen or Intended Citizen, who had never born arms against the U.S. – File Application – Improve the land, living on it for five years, erecting a 12 x 14 dwelling. – File for Deed, small fee

110. Homesteading 1 st Person to file – Daniel FreemanHomestead Application

111. Homesteading Proof of ImprovementsCertificate of Eligibility

112. Lincoln Assassinated 14 April 1865 The Scene The Assassin- John Wilkes Booth

113. President Andrew Johnson

114. Reconstruction Scalawags Joseph E. Brown Carpetbaggers John Thomas Wilder

115. Reconstruction Lincoln’s Plan 10% Plan – Oath of Loyalty Andrew Johnson wanted to follow Lincoln’s plan. – By end of the war Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana had met requirements and had been readmitted into the Union. Congressional Reconstruction Required former Confederate states to recognize and ratify 13 th and 14 th Amendments Required CSA to repudiate Confederate debt. Lowered state representation. No Confederates in Government.

116. Andrew Johnson Impeached Grant elected 1868

117. 1868 Electoral College Results