2. Fred Fausz - UMSL

4. The Founding of St. Louis- Pierre Laclede Born 1729 in France Came to America (New Orleans-1755)Came to America (New Orleans-1755) Establishes the Maxent, Laclede & Company Fur Comp.Establishes the Maxent, Laclede & Company Fur Comp. 1762- Has exclusive trading rights w/ Indians (commerce – not missionary work was objective1762- Has exclusive trading rights w/ Indians (commerce – not missionary work was objective leave New Orleans in 1763Had to/Wanted to leave New Orleans in 1763 (???)

5. What? Como?

6. Laclede’s Signature 1771 1769

7. Rent Laclede’s Childhood Mansion! Pierre de Laclède Liguest was born in Southern France in the small mountain village of Bedous on November 22, 1729, and grew up in a multistoried, whitewashed mansion.

8. Fausz Description of Laclede

9. Grid Pattern of City

10. French Fur Trade The Native Americans wanted Cloth, Metal, and Glass The French wanted deer, fox, mink skins from St. Louis (tanning) Osage would have been the language of choice – not French! Not as many class distinctions

11. Osage People The Average Height of an Osage Man is 6’6…they are still a tall people today 4,000 remaining around the Midwest…most millionaires

13. The Founding of St. Louis- Auguste Chouteau 14 YEARS OLD Born in New Orleans to Madame Chouteau & Rene Chouteau (either 1749/1750)Born in New Orleans to Madame Chouteau & Rene Chouteau (either 1749/1750) Father abandons family and goes back to France Problem: Catholic Church does not recognize divorces Becomes 1st lieutenant of Laclede’s---WHY? Is one of the few in expedition who can read/writeBecomes 1st lieutenant of Laclede’s---WHY? Is one of the few in expedition who can read/write

14. The Founding of St. Louis- The Expedition Begins in Aug 1763 to find new trading post for fur tradeBegins in Aug 1763 to find new trading post for fur trade Travel up Mississippi, on the East side 3 months- reach Ste. Genevieve (only French settlement on west side)3 months- reach Ste. Genevieve (only French settlement on west side) Can not stay at Ste. Genevieve because town is too small for the expedition party Move to Old Fort Charles for winterMove to Old Fort Charles for winter

16. The Founding of St. Louis- The Expedition In Dec., Laclede sends Chouteau out to scout upriver for potential siteIn Dec., Laclede sends Chouteau out to scout upriver for potential site Eventually, just south of the Mississippi/Missouri confluence, Chouteau finds areaEventually, just south of the Mississippi/Missouri confluence, Chouteau finds area Rocky eminence, covered w/ walnut trees; marks area and returns to Laclede w/ news Laclede spends following months developing a design for the new villageLaclede spends following months developing a design for the new village

17. Camp River Dubois

18. The Founding of St. Louis- The Expedition Street plan of village taken from New OrleansStreet plan of village taken from New Orleans Develops the name of the settlement after King Louis IX (man on horse in Forest Park)Develops the name of the settlement after King Louis IX (man on horse in Forest Park) February 1764, party of 30 arrive at site to begin clearing Early April, Laclede arrives to plan streets for village and housing arrangements

20. Early St. Louis 4 main streets (1st & 2nd, Walnut and Market) Center of village for marketplace Next to marketplace, a church and Laclede’s home (location was on Main St, between Walnut and Market) By April, several cabins are built Laclede makes Auguste partner in new ventureLaclede makes Auguste partner in new venture Auguste bring 1/2 brother Jean Pierre and mother to St. LouisAuguste bring 1/2 brother Jean Pierre and mother to St. Louis

21. Madame Chouteau, The ……. Born in New Orleans, 1733 Father died when she was 6; was one of three children She would eventually meet and marry Rene Chouteau Rocky marriage: -She was regularly beaten Rene would decide to eventually leave family and go back to France She met and had an affair with Laclede Could not marry Laclede because divorce was not allowed “Queen of St. Louis” = Leader of STL social life and large family she headed“Queen of St. Louis” = Leader of STL social life and large family she headed.

22. The Founding of St. Louis In 1778, Pierre Laclede on his way to St. Louis from New Orleans Becomes sick; eventually dies in a settlement named Fort Arkansas Died when he was 54, buried in unmarked grave; gravesite still a mystery today Statue of Laclede stands behind City Hall today

24. Laclede Statue at St. Louis City Hall

25. The Chouteau Brothers Auguste Chouteau Married once; wife was 17 when she married Auguste Purchased and lived in Laclede’s mansion Elected to City’s Board of Trustees Member of Missouri Territory Council Ran for mayor and lost Developed the Bank of STL & Bank of MO Ran the fur company until 1816

26. The Chouteau Brothers Jean Pierre Chouteau Married twice; 2nd wife was 15 when they married Elected to City’s Board of Trustees Made Indian Agent by President Madison Ran for mayor and lost Died at the age of 91