1. Pete Stafford, Executive Director presentation to Gulf Coast Leadership Summit Houston, Texas August 20, 2013

2. Background CPWR – The Center for Construction Research and Training is a not-for-profit focusing on construction safety and health since 1990. 3 Major Construction Safety and Health Program Areas  Research  Training  Medical Screenings 2

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5. NIOSH Construction Initiative NIOSH and CPWR started the construction research program in 1990. At that time, NIOSH was spending: – $5 per worker in mining – $2 per worker in general industry – $0.06 per worker in construction 5

6. Construction Initiative con’t Today CPWR serves as the NIOSH-funded National Construction Research Center CPWR openly competes for funding every 5 years, and currently in its 5 th five-year cooperative agreement with NIOSH. CPWR’s safety & health research budget is $5.75 million annually, and at any given time has between 15 and 20 construction research projects underway. 6

7. Construction Initiative con’t 50% of CPWR research funding support a network of collaborating institutions through sub-grants. Collectively, current research areas include: * Residential Falls * Safety Culture/Incentives * Silica * Overhead Drilling * Welding Fumes * Nail Guns * Isocyanates * Disparities * Ergonomics * Training * Noise/Hearing Loss * Data Tracking * r2p * Green Construction 7

8. The Construction Chart Book Topics: Fifth Edition, April 2013 Covers same topics, plus Displaced Workers – who returned to work, who didn’t Green Construction – which states, which trades getting work Exposure to Hazards by Trade – MSDs, noise, work at heights OSHA Enforcement/Citations – historical review Much more … April 25: www.cpwr.com 8

9. 37a. Rate of fatalities in construction, selected countries, 2008 Source: International Labour Organization. Note: Data for Finland are for 2007. Countries marked with an asterisk (*) use FTEs to adjust rates.

10. 37b. Rate of nonfatal injuries in construction, selected countries, 2008 Source: International Labour Organization. Note: Data for Finland are for 2007. Countries marked with an asterisk (*) use FTEs to adjust rates.

11. 38a. Number of fatalities, by major industry, 2010 (All employment) Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Work-related Injuries and Illnesses Database.

12. 42a. Number of fatalities, selected construction occupations, 2008-2010 total (All employment) Source: Fatality numbers were estimated from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. This research was conducted with restricted access to Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the BLS. Calculations by CPWR Data Center.

13. 44b. Distribution of fatalities from falls in construction, by establishment size, 2008-2010 total (Wage-and-salary workers) Source: Fatality numbers were estimated from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. This research was conducted with restricted access to Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the BLS. Calculations by CPWR Data Center.

14. 44c. Rate of fatalities from falls, selected construction occupations, 2008-2010 average (All employment) Source: Fatality numbers were estimated from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. This research was conducted with restricted access to Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the BLS. Calculations by CPWR Data Center.

15. 44e. Causes of fatalities from falls in construction, 2008-2010 total (All employment) Source: Fatality numbers were estimated from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. This research was conducted with restricted access to Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the BLS. Calculations by CPWR Data Center.

17. Construction Fatalities Jan-June 2013

18. Fatal Falls in Construction Jan-June 2013

19. 19 Safety Management in Construction Research Study Preliminary Results—April 2013 Safety Management in the Construction Industry: Identifying Risks and Reducing Accidents to Improve Site Productivity and Project ROI All information presented © McGraw-Hill Construction, 2013. All rights reserved.

20. National Survey Conducted by McGraw-Hill Construction December 13-19 2012 263 construction companies 20

21. Sample Characteristics Type of Contactor 129 General Contractors (49%) 98 Specialty Contractors (37%) 16 Design-Build (6%) 16 Construction Management (6%) 4 Engineering firms (2%) Size of Contractor 1-9 employees, 34 (13%) 10-49 employees, 76 (29%) 50-99 employees, 45 (17%) 100-499 employees, 58 (22%) >500 employees, 45 (17%) 21

22. 22 Types of Safety Practices

23. Construction Safety Practices Used by Respondents Activity% Using Include Jobsite Workers in Safety Process81% Analyze Potential Site Safety Hazards in Preconstruction78% Establish an Open-Door Policy for Workers to Report Hazards77% Conduct Regular Project Safety Audits with Foremen/Workers74% Appoint/Assign/Authorize Project Safety Personnel72% Develop Site Specific HASP (Health and Safety Plan)70% Site Specific Training Program for Workers and Subcontractors63% Conduct Thorough Near-Miss and Incident Investigations60% Utilize Effective Job Safety Analysis (JSA)/Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)54% Establish Measurable Safety Goals and Objectives52% Have a Site Specific Emergency Action Plan Within the HASP50% Use an Effective Safety Screening Policy/Subcontractor Procurement Program39% Track Leading Safety Metrics32% Offer Safety Incentives27% Implement Safety Mitigation Into the Design Process27% Top Practices 23

24. 24 General Contractors Report a Wider Use of Safety Practices than Specialty Contractors General Contractor Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report coming June 2013) Specialty Contractor  Relative ranking for most practices are the same among General Contractors (GCs) and Specialty Contractors  The difference in use may reflect the role of GCs in promoting safety as “controlling employers” on a jobsite  Even lower adoption of practices for very small firms (1–9 employees) Types of Practices Used to Promote Safety on Projects (by Firm Type)

25. 25  Firms also report safety practices that start in the preconstruction stage to be most effective Top Practices Found Most Effective in Increasing Project Safety Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Developing Site Specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) is Reported as the Most Effective Practice in Increasing Project Safety

26. Future Planned Activities 42% of Respondents Do Not Plan to Change Their Current Safety Practices Over the Next Three Years ► No difference between GCs and specialty contractors in number planning to change safety practices ► Some areas where GCs have slightly higher plans to add: Safety Screening Policy for Subcontractors Procurement (19% vs. 7%) Safety Mitigation in Design/Engineering Process (10% vs. 2%) ► Specialty contractors more likely to add Analysis of Potential Site Safety Hazards in to their plans (8% vs. 1% of GCs) ► Smaller firms have more plans to implement new practices: Establish Measurable Safety Goals and Objectives (24% vs. 8% of larger firms) Establish an Effective, Site Specific Training Program for Workers and Subcontractors (15% vs. 2% of larger firms) 26

27. 27  Large firms are investing more in safety practices than small firms, possibly due to their larger budgets and access to resources Level of Adoption of Safety Practices and Policies Small Firms (1-49 Employees) Medium Firms (50 to 499 Firms) Large Firms (500 or More Employees) Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Large Firms Report More Fully Integrated Safety Policies and Programs than Small Firms

28. 28 Defining a World-Class Safety Program General Contractor Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report coming June 2013) Specialty Contractor  Responses point to a tendency to favor bottom- up, on-the-ground approaches  Organization-wide activities also a major component Top Five Aspects of a World-Class Safety Program (by Firm Type)

29. Influence Factors 29

30. 30  At least 50% report 10 different factors  In addition to worker health and well-being, top drivers stem from concerns over project cost and schedule Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) A High Number of Factors are Driving Adoption of Current Safety Practices

31. 31  Reduced insurance rates play significant role in bringing project costs down  Clients more likely to seek contractors that control their risks through comprehensive safety management practices Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Reduced Insurance Rates is the Primary Factor Encouraging Investment in Safety Management Practices Factors Encouraging Wider Future Adoption of Safety Management Practices

32. 32  Study benefits counter these challenges, pointing to a disconnect in the industry  Large firms are more challenged by organizational commitment than smaller firms (38% vs. 27%) Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Reduced Insurance Rates is the Primary Factor Encouraging Investment in Safety Management Practices Factors Discouraging Wider Future Adoption of Safety Management Practices

33. 33  For large firms, company leadership is most important, while small firms are more influenced by owners Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Owners are Most Influential in Impacting Improvement of Safety Practices

34. Communication and Education 34

35. 35  Impact of training is also substantial for the project management team and company leadership, demonstrating the importance of engaging the company leadership in addition to encouraging safety on the ground Influence of Safety Training by Role at Contracting Firm Somewhat Highly Influential Highly Influential 85% 81% 77% 63% 31% Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Safety Training Impacts Those Most Directly Involved in Day-to-Day Construction Activities

36. 36  Large firms use and value classroom training significantly more than small firms  Small firms are much more likely to outsource training Level of Use and Value of Modes of Training for Jobsite Workers Use Consider to be of Great value Firms Use and Value On-the-Job Training the Most

37. 37  Large firms typically assume greater risk and liability than small firms and thus have a greater interest in emphasizing safety training Frequency of Formal Safety Training for Jobsite Workers Small Firms (1 to 49 Employees) Medium Firms (50 to 499 Firms) Large Firms (500 or More Employees) Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Large Firms Offer Training to Jobsite Workers More Frequently

38. 38 Value of Types of Safety Training Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Most Valuable Safety Programs for Firm Employees For Jobsite Workers For Senior Management

39. 39  Direct forms of communication are considered far more effective, allowing workers to ask questions and avoid misinformation  No statistically significant differences between GCs and specialty contractors Most Effective Means of Communicating About Safety With Employees Source: McGraw-Hill Construction, Safety Management in the Construction Industry research study, April 2013 (SmartMarket Report to be published June 2013) Toolbox Talk and Training are Most Effective Ways of Communicating About Safety

40. 40 ► Adoption: 92% of firms with over 500 employees report having fully inclusive and widely observed safety programs, while smaller firms lag with 48% ► Individual safety practices: Widely adopted across the industry demonstrating an awareness of the importance of safety programs— 60% of contractors report that they use eight of 15 practices included in the survey. Most widely used practices: Including jobsite workers in the safety practice (80%) Analyzing potential site safety hazards before construction begins (78%) ► Top Drivers: Concerns for Employees (79%), Insurance Costs (78%) and Liability Concerns (77%) Key Takeaways

41. AVAILABLE RESOURCES 41

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48. Training Programs offered by CPWR Worker Level Courses 40-Hour Hazardous Waste Worker 24-Hour Hazardous Waste Worker 8-Hour Hazardous Waste Worker Refresher 16-Hour Confined Space 32-Hour Lead Worker* 8-Hour Lead Worker Refresher* 40-Hour Lead Supervisor* 8-Hour Lead Supervisor Refresher* 8-Hour Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting (RRP)* 32-Hour Asbestos Worker* 8-Hour Asbestos Worker Refresher* 40-Hour Asbestos Supervisor* 8-Hour Asbestos Supervisor Refresher* * Lead and asbestos training available in select states only Instructor Level Courses OSHA 500 OSHA 502 OSHA 510 40-Hour Combination, Train-The- Trainer 40-Hour Confined Space Train-The- Trainer 24-Hour Trainer Enhancement 48

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51. ACCSH Recommendations on OSHA 10 Eliminate Requirement for 2-Hour Introductory Module OSHA Conduct a Third Party Assessment of the Entire OTI Program for Construction 51

52. OSHA ACCSH Workgroups *I2P2 (Procurement Document) *Women / Diversity *Training & Outreach *Backing Operations *Health Hazards/Emerging Issues/PtD *Surveillance/Targeting/Enforcement *OTI Policy Changes -Overall Program Assessment -Training Curriculum Modifications 52

53. Other OSHA Regulatory Issues Crane & Derrick Standard - Operator Certification Program Standard SIPS IV Employer Participation on ACCSH 53