1. Measurements and Units

2. Long Ago…
Parts of the human body were often used to measure. The length of the king’s foot or the distance from the tip of his nose to his fingertips were both common units of measurement.

3. Problems Which is a basketful?
It would often change as soon as a new king was crowned
It was different from country to country
Which is a basketful?

4. SI system (metric system) – a standard unit of measurement
1790
(metric system) – a standard unit of measurement
All scientists everywhere can share and replicate the same data. Now used in nearly every country in the world except the United States.

5. Metric System throughout the World
Gray – countries that only use the metric system
Red – countries that don’t use the metric system (U.S., Liberia, Burma)

6. What is the Metric System?
There is only one base unit for each thing measured
Length = meter
Mass = gram
Volume = liter

7. Measuring Length English System Metric System
inch, foot, yard, mile
meter
Whether you are measuring the length of your finger
or the length of the Nile River, you always use meter.

8. Measuring Mass or Weight
English System
Metric System
ounce, pound, ton
gram
Whether you are measuring the mass of a nickel
or the mass of a car, you always use gram.

9. teaspoon, tablespoon, cup, pint, quart, gallon
Measuring Volume
English System
Metric System
teaspoon, tablespoon, cup, pint, quart, gallon
liter
Whether you are measuring the volume of a glass of water or the volume of a swimming pool, you always use liter.

10. Compare the difference
English System
Metric System
teaspoon, tablespoon, cup, pint, quart, gallon
liter
ounce, pound, ton
gram
inch, foot, yard, mile
meter
13 words
3 words

11. How big are they? METER – a little longer than a yard (1.1 yards)
LITER – a little larger than a quart (1.06 quarts)
GRAM – about the mass of a paper clip

12. What about measuring really big or really small things?
In the English system, we would use inches
But in the metric system, since the meter measures everything, it is broken up into smaller units and prefixes are added to the word “meter.”

13. Measured in multiples of 10
Prefix - represent the multiples of 10
decimeter
“deci” = .1 or 1/10
centimeter
“cent” = .01 or 1/100

14. Basic Unit of Measurement (grams, liters, meters)
6 common prefixes:
Prefix
Symbol
Factor Number
Kilo- k
1,000
Hecto- h
100
Deka- da 10
Basic Unit of Measurement (grams, liters, meters)
Deci- d
0.1
Centi- c
0.01
Milli- m
0.001

15. Kilo- Symbol = k Number = 1000 kilometer kiloliter kilogram
1000 meters
1000 liters
1000 grams

16. Hecto- Symbol = h Number = 100 hectometer hectoliter hectogram
100 meters
100 liters
100 grams

17. Deka- Symbol = da Number = 10 dekameter dekaliter dekagram 10 meters
10 liters
10 grams

18. Meter, Liter, Gram Symbol = m, l, g Number = 1 meter liter gram length
volume
mass or weight

19. Putting the 2 symbols together
Kilo = k meter = m
Kilometer = km
Hectogram = hg
Kiloliter = kl

20. Deci- Symbol = d Number = .1 (tenth) decimeter deciliter decigram

21. Centi- Symbol = c Number = .01 (hundreth)
centimeter centiliter centigram
.01 meter
.01 liter
.01 gram

22. Milli- Symbol = m Number = .001 (thousanth)
millimeter milliliter milligram
.001 meter
.001 liter
.001 gram

23. Basic Unit of Measurement (grams, liters, meters)
6 common prefixes:
Prefix
Symbol
Factor Number
Factor Word
Kilo- k
1,000
Thousand
Hecto- h
100
Hundred
Deka- da 10
Ten
Basic Unit of Measurement (grams, liters, meters)
Deci- d
0.1
Tenth
Centi- c
0.01
Hundredth
Milli- m
0.001
Thousandth

24. Practice h = m = c = k = d = da =
If I give you the symbol, you give me the prefix
h =
m =
c =
k =
d =
da =

25. Practice kilo = hecto = deka = centi = milli = deci =
If I give you the prefix, you give me the number
kilo =
hecto =
deka =
centi =
milli =
deci =

26. Practice mg = cl = hm = dg= dal = km =
If I give you the symbols, you give me the word
mg =
cl =
hm =
dg=
dal =
km =

27. Practice deka = kilo = milli = deci = hecto = centi =
If I give you the prefix, you give me the symbol
deka =
kilo =
milli =
deci =
hecto =
centi =

28. Practice What is the base unit for length?
What is the base unit for mass or weight?
What is the base unit for volume?

29. Even if you live in the U. S
Even if you live in the U.S., you're using the metric system—probably without realizing it. Your home computer might have several megabytes of memory and a few gigabytes of storage. Mega- and giga- are prefixes used in the metric system. Mega- stands for "one million," so a megabyte is a million bytes. Giga- stands for "one billion." If computing continues at the rate it's been going, we may soon be talking about petabytes—one million billion bytes.

31. About 15 years ago, Congress passed a law saying that all consumer products had to include both English and metric measurements