1. Athens, Conference Hall, Ministry of Infrastructure, Transport and Networks, 5&6 November 2015 ALTERNATIVE-COLLECTIVE PATTERNS OF OWNERSHIP AND USE OF PASSENGER CARS IN THE CITY Ioanna Palanta Christos Taxiltaris

2. 2 TITLE OF THE SLIDE1. TRANSPORT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Urbanization and Effects in Urban Transportation: Increase of urban population Great increase of mobility Uncontrolled growth in the ownership and use of private cars

3. 3 TITLE OF THE SLIDE1. TRANSPORT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Urbanization and Effects in Urban Transportation: Domination of Motor Vehicles Supplant Bicycle & Pedestrian Traffic Congestion Reduction of Social Interactions Degradation of the Image of the City Energy Consumption Environmental Pollution Accidents Visual and Noise Disturbance

4. 4 TITLE OF THE SLIDE1. TRANSPORT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Sustainable mobility COMMUNITY ECONOMY Better quality of life for all members of society Development of the economy combined with soft modes of transport Business practices with low environmental impact Social inclusion and economic prosperity Long term environmental practices Sustainable cities and communities ENVIRONMENT

5. 5 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING It works as a democratically controlled system where a car fleet is jointly owned by users. Allows each subscriber / co-owner to use a vehicle for the duration and purpose of his choice.

6. 6 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING Organization Forms: PRIVATE ORGANISED

7. 7 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING Relation with other Transport Modes: TAXI CARSHARING BICYCLE PUBLIC TRANSPORT CAR RENTAL WALKING PRIVATE CAR

8. 8 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: ORGANIZATION - OPERATION ORGANIZATION P2PB2C NFP CO-OP

9. 9 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: ORGANIZATION - OPERATION ORGANIZATION P2PB2C NFP CO-OP Characteristics of Typical Organisation:

10. 1010 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: USERS CategoriesProfile Individual Users Universities Enterprises Age 30 – 50 Sensitive to social issues and to the environment Categories of "low- mobility" High level of education Medium to high income

11. 1 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: BENEFITS AND RISKS Benefits Firm Data More Speculative Community Environment Cost savings More fuel-efficient vehicles Lower parking demand More transit ridership Lower emissions Less congestion Less energy resources for vehicle manufacturing Greater mobility Better urban design Less vehicle travel Economy

12. 1212 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: BENEFITS AND RISKS Risks: Social and psychological risks Not environmental friendly mode of transport It does not offer the convenience and comfort of individual private car Availability of cars (especially in the first period)

13. 1313 TITLE OF THE SLIDE2. CARSHARING: Conclusions - Prospects USE INSTEAD OF PROPERTY

14. 1414 TITLE OF THE SLIDE 3. “TRANSPORTATION RADIOGRAPHY” OF THESSALONIKI Evaluation Longitudinal travel along road axes. Unequal distribution per means of transport Limited transportation possibilities (OASTH, walk,bicycle)

15. 1515 TITLE OF THE SLIDE 3. “TRANSPORTATION RADIOGRAPHY” OF THESSALONIKI – CONCLUSIONS Necessity of finding Solutions Carsharing Network

16. 1616 TITLE OF THE SLIDE 4. THE PROPOSAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CARSHARING IN THESSALONIKI Planning Process Create a bottom-up system that enhances mobility in neighborhood level. Create many independent systems from residents groups, which can cooperate. Cooperative Form Create a carsharing system with a business form whose members will pay a subscription to use the service. Modify driving habits and social benefit rather than profit. Inter-Municipal Form

17. 1717 TITLE OF THE SLIDE 4. THE PROPOSAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CARSHARING IN THESSALONIKI Goals Meet mobility needs Access to car Counteract the trends of social exclusion Accessible to everyone (disabled)

18. 1818 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.1 COOPERATIVE FORM Structure: Coordinator system operator Communication manager and other responsible User groups Co-owners Switch tasks per year Each group is responsible for a vehicle Access and use of vehicles

19. 1919 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.1 COOPERATIVE FORM Cost: Initial investment cost per household (€) 4.000 Annual cost per household (€) 100 Cost of use (€/100km)1,21 * Reference point: Building square in the western districts with main use housing.

20. 2020 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.2 INTER-MUNICIPAL FORM Operation Range & Stations: Join 12 3 4 5 6 Reserve the car Pickup the car Drive the car Return the car Billing

21. 2121 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.2 INTER-MUNICIPAL FORM Service charge: Registration fee (€)250,0 Subscription Annual (€/year)120,0 Monthly (€/month)15,0 Daily (€/day)5,0 Cost of use (€/hour)2,5

22. 2 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.2 INTER-MUNICIPAL FORM Εconomic viability: Project phases 2016201720182019202020212022202320242025 Construction Phase Α Phase Β Phase C Number of Users Phase ΑPhase ΒPhase C 201720182019202020212022202320242025 % Increase of Users -10% 70% 60% 30% Users10001100121020573496559389481163215121 Costs 2016201720182019202020212022202320242025 Purchase Vehicles (m.€) 0,510,00 0,090,570,800,870,831,02 Infrastructure Cost (m.€) 0,550,00 0,060,340,480,520,500,62 Operating cost (m.€) -0,250,240,230,240,300,370,450,520,61 Advertisement (m.€) 0,01 ------ Other (m. €) 0,080,04 0,030,050,100,130,15 0,18 Total (m. €) 1,150,290,28 0,441,301,771,992,002,43 Revenue 2016201720182019202020212022202320242025 Rental(m.€)-0,150,160,170,270,450,690,011,241,55 Subscription s (m.€) -0,180,190,200,330,540,820,121,541,91 Registration (m.€) -0,02 0,160,250,350,540,410,51 Other(m.€) ----0,030,040,060,090,100,12 Total (m.€)-0,550,380,400,790,130,190,280,330,41 2016201720182019202020212022202320242025 Total Costs (m. €) 1,150,290,28 0,441,301,771,992,002,43 Total Revenue (m. €) 0,000,550,380,400,791,291,922,883,304,08 Difference Revenue-Costs (m. €) -1,150,260,090,120,36-0,020,160,891,301,65

23. 2323 TITLE OF THE SLIDE4.2 INTER-MUNICIPAL FORM Sensitivity Analysis Difference Revenue- Costs (m. €) +10% number of users5,14 -10% number of users2,31 -20% number of users0,84 +10% number of kilometers traveled4,14 -10% number of kilometers traveled3,20 -20% number of kilometers traveled2,73

24. 2424 TITLE OF THE SLIDE5. CONCLUSIONS Improving mobility conditions Environmental benefits Alleviating social inequalities Improving quality of life

25. 2525 TITLE OF THE SLIDE Thank you for your attention!