1. Systems Analysis and Design Based on: System Analysis and design. Ninth editions. By: Gary B. Shelly. Harry J. Rosenblatt Systems Analysis and Design Based on: System Analysis and design. Ninth editions. By: Gary B. Shelly. Harry J. Rosenblatt Lecturer: Eng. Mohamed Adam Isak Ph.D. Researcher in CS. M.Sc. and B.Sc. of Computer Science Engmaisak@hotmail.comwww.engmaisak.blogspot.com January to June 2016

2. Course info. Course code: CS2320 Course name: Systems Analysis and Design Course duration: January 2016 – June 2016 Course code: CS2320 Course name: Systems Analysis and Design Course duration: January 2016 – June 2016 Course pre-requisite: Programming language Course pre-requisite: Programming language Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD2

3. Lecturer info Name: Mohamed Adam Isak Name: Mohamed Adam Isak Ph.D. Researcher, Computer Science. Ph.D. Researcher, Computer Science. M.Sc. and B.Sc. of Information Technology Engineering, The Libyan Academy of postgraduate studies. Libya M.Sc. and B.Sc. of Information Technology Engineering, The Libyan Academy of postgraduate studies. Libya Lecturer in ISHU university, Mogadishu university and University of Somalia Lecturer in ISHU university, Mogadishu university and University of Somalia Taught courses: System analysis and Design, Cyber law and ethics, Data structure using C#, SQL Server, Software Engineering and Information Security Taught courses: System analysis and Design, Cyber law and ethics, Data structure using C#, SQL Server, Software Engineering and Information Security E-mail: Engmaisak@hotmail.com E-mail: Engmaisak@hotmail.com Blog: www.engmaisak.blogspot.com Blog: www.engmaisak.blogspot.com Mobile Phone: +25261 - 5648915 Mobile Phone: +25261 - 5648915 Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD3

4. Aim of the course To provide learners with the knowledge and skills needed to undertake a system analysis investigation by following a recognized methodology. To provide learners with the knowledge and skills needed to undertake a system analysis investigation by following a recognized methodology. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 4

5. Grading system of the Course 5 1 st and 2 nd Terms  % 20 Quizzes, Presentations and planning and analyzing of selected system  % 20 Quizzes, Presentations and Designing of the selected system  20Final Exam  % 40 Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD

6. Text book of the course Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD6 System Analysis and Design, Ninth Edition Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Publisher: SHELLY CASHMAN SEWIES. Published year: 2012 Harry J. Rosenblatt is a professor of information systems at College of the Albemarle in Elizabeth City, North Carolina, where he has taught for over 16 years. His background is in management and computer systems consulting. He has co-authored the last six editions of Systems Analysis and Design for the Shelly Cashman Series(R).

7. Contents of the book Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD7

8. 8 Further reading book Modern Systems Analysis and Design Third Edition Modern Systems Analysis and Design Third Edition Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Publisher: prentice hall Publisher: prentice hall

9. Systems planning is the first of five phases in the systems development life cycle. After an introduction to systems analysis and design, you will learn how systems projects get started, how to evaluate a project proposal to determine its feasibility, and how to use project management tools and techniques. The deliverable for this phase is the preliminary investigation report. Overview of the phase:

11. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 11 Learning Objectives Discuss the impact of information technology on business strategy and success Discuss the impact of information technology on business strategy and success Discuss what is SAD and why is it important to business Discuss what is SAD and why is it important to business Discuss the five components of information system Discuss the five components of information system

12. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 12 introduction Organizations are large systems composed of interrelated subsystems, IT affects productivity, quality, customer loyalty, and help makes better decisions. Organizations are large systems composed of interrelated subsystems, IT affects productivity, quality, customer loyalty, and help makes better decisions. To ascertain information requirements properly and design appropriate information systems, it is of primary importance to understand the impact of information technology on business strategy and success, the characteristics of system, and the components of information systems To ascertain information requirements properly and design appropriate information systems, it is of primary importance to understand the impact of information technology on business strategy and success, the characteristics of system, and the components of information systems

13. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 13 The Impact of Information Technology Information Technology Information Technology Combination of hardware and software products and services that companies use to manage, access, communicate, and share information Combination of hardware and software products and services that companies use to manage, access, communicate, and share information Information is a vital asset that must be used effectively, updated, connected, transmitted, analyzed, and used well Information is a vital asset that must be used effectively, updated, connected, transmitted, analyzed, and used well

14. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 14 The Impact of Information Technology The Future of IT The Future of IT IT has created a new economy, where advances in hardware, software, networks provide huge benefits to businesses worldwide. IT has created a new economy, where advances in hardware, software, networks provide huge benefits to businesses worldwide. Globalization and the increasing internet users around the world, give IT budgets high priority, to reach new markets, to build and manage distributed companies and to reduce costs Globalization and the increasing internet users around the world, give IT budgets high priority, to reach new markets, to build and manage distributed companies and to reduce costs

15. INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS Systems Analysis and Design is the process people use to create information systems Systems Analysis and Design is the process people use to create information systems Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 15 SA&D 15

16. Hardware component Hardware consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system. Hardware consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system. For example, hardware can include servers, workstations, networks, telecommunications equipment, fiber-optic cables, mobile devices, scanners, digital capture devices, and other technology-based infrastructure. For example, hardware can include servers, workstations, networks, telecommunications equipment, fiber-optic cables, mobile devices, scanners, digital capture devices, and other technology-based infrastructure. Hardware purchasers today face a wide array of technology choices and decisions. In 1965, Gordon Moore, a cofounder of Intel, predicted that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit would double about every 24 months. His concept, called Moore’s Law, has remained valid for more than 50 years. Fortunately, as hardware became more powerful, it also became much less expensive. Hardware purchasers today face a wide array of technology choices and decisions. In 1965, Gordon Moore, a cofounder of Intel, predicted that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit would double about every 24 months. His concept, called Moore’s Law, has remained valid for more than 50 years. Fortunately, as hardware became more powerful, it also became much less expensive. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD16

17. Software component Software refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results. Software consists of system software and application software. Software refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results. Software consists of system software and application software. System software manages the hardware components, which can include a single workstation or a global network with many thousands of clients. System software manages the hardware components, which can include a single workstation or a global network with many thousands of clients. Application software consists of programs that support day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they require. Application software consists of programs that support day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they require. Application software includes horizontal and vertical systems. Application software includes horizontal and vertical systems. A horizontal system is a system, such as an inventory or payroll application, that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies. A horizontal system is a system, such as an inventory or payroll application, that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies. A vertical system is designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry, such as a Web-based retailer, or a medical practice, A vertical system is designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry, such as a Web-based retailer, or a medical practice, Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD17

18. Data component Data is the raw material that an information system transforms into useful information. An information system can store data in various locations, called tables. By linking the tables, the system can extract specific information. Data is the raw material that an information system transforms into useful information. An information system can store data in various locations, called tables. By linking the tables, the system can extract specific information. Example: the following figure shows a a payroll system that stores data in four separate tables. Notice that the linked tables work together to supply Example: the following figure shows a a payroll system that stores data in four separate tables. Notice that the linked tables work together to supply Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD18

19. Process component Processes describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results. Processes are the building blocks of an information system because they represent actual day-to-day business operations. Processes describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results. Processes are the building blocks of an information system because they represent actual day-to-day business operations. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD19

20. People component People who have an interest in an information system are called stakeholders. People who have an interest in an information system are called stakeholders. Stakeholders include the management group responsible for the system, the users (sometimes called end users) inside and outside the company who will interact with the system, and IT staff members, such as systems analysts, programmers, and network administrators who develop and support the system. Stakeholders include the management group responsible for the system, the users (sometimes called end users) inside and outside the company who will interact with the system, and IT staff members, such as systems analysts, programmers, and network administrators who develop and support the system. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD20

21. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 21 SA & D concepts What is Systems Analysis and Design (SAD)? What is Systems Analysis and Design (SAD)? Systems Analysis: understanding and specifying in detail what an information system should do Systems Analysis: understanding and specifying in detail what an information system should do System Design: specifying in detail how the parts of an information system should be implemented System Design: specifying in detail how the parts of an information system should be implemented Why is it important? Success of information systems depends on good SAD Success of information systems depends on good SAD Widely used in industry - proven techniques Widely used in industry - proven techniques

22. Who Develops Information Systems? The company must begin by outlining its business needs and identifying possible IT solutions. Typically, this important work is performed by systems analysts and other IT professionals. The company must begin by outlining its business needs and identifying possible IT solutions. Typically, this important work is performed by systems analysts and other IT professionals. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD22

23. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 23 System Analyst and Designer Systems Analyst: I s a key person analyzing business, depending on organization function, requirements, identifying opportunities for improvement, solving problems, and designing information systems to implement these ideas. Systems Analyst: I s a key person analyzing business, depending on organization function, requirements, identifying opportunities for improvement, solving problems, and designing information systems to implement these ideas. System Designer: is the one who is responsible to design the user requirements for the proposed system are translates into user interface, data structures and algorithm design. System Designer: is the one who is responsible to design the user requirements for the proposed system are translates into user interface, data structures and algorithm design.

24. Characteristics of system (Ctd)  Input : Data that get into the system for processing  Output: The results/information gain after processing  Components: Parts that makes the system.  Boundary: The line that separates the system from it’s environment.  Environment: Everything external to a system that interacts with a system.  Purpose: Goal of the system. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 24

25. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD 25 Lecture Summary IT refers to the combination of hardware, software, and telecommunications systems that support business IT refers to the combination of hardware, software, and telecommunications systems that support business IT supports business operations, improves productivity, and helps managers makes decisions. IT supports business operations, improves productivity, and helps managers makes decisions. System analysis and design is the process of developing information systems that transform data into useful information System analysis and design is the process of developing information systems that transform data into useful information Traditionally, companies either developed in-house applications or purchased software packages from vendors. Traditionally, companies either developed in-house applications or purchased software packages from vendors. Today the choice is much more complex, but it is always important for companies to plan the system carefully before considering implementation options. Today the choice is much more complex, but it is always important for companies to plan the system carefully before considering implementation options.

26. Homework Apply Your Knowledge Research - Systems Analyst Salaries As part of your job search, you decide to find out more about salaries and qualifications for systems analysts in the area where you would like to work. To increase your knowledge, search the Internet to perform the following research: As part of your job search, you decide to find out more about salaries and qualifications for systems analysts in the area where you would like to work. To increase your knowledge, search the Internet to perform the following research: 1) Find information about a career as a systems analyst. 2) Using the Internet, determine whether the Federal Bureau of Labor Statistics lists salary information for systems analysts. If so, summarize the information you find. 3) Find at least two online ads for systems analysts and list the employers, the qualifications, and the salaries, if mentioned. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD26

27. Homework Apply Your Knowledge Investigating projects Contact at least three people at the university or a nearby company who use information systems. List the systems, the position titles of the users, and the business functions that the systems support. Contact at least three people at the university or a nearby company who use information systems. List the systems, the position titles of the users, and the business functions that the systems support. Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD27

28. Homework Deadline of the homework: Deadline of the homework: * Printed paper * Next meeting Delivery way: suggestion Delivery way: suggestion Systems Analysis and Design. Introduction to SAD28

29. Systems planning is the first of five phases in the systems development life cycle. After an introduction to systems analysis and design, you will learn how systems projects get started, how to evaluate a project proposal to determine its feasibility, and how to use project management tools and techniques. The deliverable for this phase is the preliminary investigation report. Overview of the phase:

30. Lecture 2. Systems Development Tools and Techniques

31. Learning Objectives Explain systems development tools, including modeling, prototyping, and CASE tools Explain systems development tools, including modeling, prototyping, and CASE tools Discuss and distinguish between system development methodologies Discuss and distinguish between system development methodologies Explain systems development methods, RAD, JAD, Water full model, RUP Explain systems development methods, RAD, JAD, Water full model, RUP Distinguish between structured analysis and object- oriented methodology Distinguish between structured analysis and object- oriented methodology Discuss how to use appropriate system development method Discuss how to use appropriate system development method System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 31

32. Introduction  There are several tools and techniques to build information systems, to choose the appropriate one to build your system, you must study them first and knows their uses. Methodology is an approach, a method or a technique for developing information systems. The methodology defines a method and a way of developing an information system, guiding planners in the desired working method. Methodology is an approach, a method or a technique for developing information systems. The methodology defines a method and a way of developing an information system, guiding planners in the desired working method. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 32

33. Systems Development Tools and Techniques Systems analysts must know how to use a variety of techniques such as modeling, prototyping, and computer-aided systems engineering tools to plan, design, and implement information systems. Systems analysts must know how to use a variety of techniques such as modeling, prototyping, and computer-aided systems engineering tools to plan, design, and implement information systems. Systems analysts work with these tools in a team environment, where input from users, managers, and IT staff contributes to the system design. Systems analysts work with these tools in a team environment, where input from users, managers, and IT staff contributes to the system design. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 33

34. Systems Development Tools and Techniques Modeling Modeling Modeling produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that system developers can analyze, test, and modify. Modeling used to describe and simplify an information system: Modeling produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that system developers can analyze, test, and modify. Modeling used to describe and simplify an information system: Business model or Requirements model Business model or Requirements model Describes the information that a system must provide. Describes the information that a system must provide. Data model Data model Describes the data structure and design. Describes the data structure and design. Object model Object model Describes objects, which combine data and processes. Describes objects, which combine data and processes. Network model Network model Describes the design and protocols of telecommunication links Describes the design and protocols of telecommunication links Process model Process model Describes the logic that programmers use to write code modules Describes the logic that programmers use to write code modules Modeling techniques, including data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams, and unified modeling language diagrams. Modeling techniques, including data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams, and unified modeling language diagrams. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 34

35. Systems Development Tools and Techniques Pros  Speeds up the development process significantly  Users interact with Prototype very quickly  Users can identify needed changes and refine real requirements Cons  Important decisions might be made too early, before business or IT issues are thoroughly understood  Initial Design decisions may be poor System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 35 Prototyping  Prototyping tests system concepts and provide an opportunity to examine input, output, and user interface before final decisions are made.  Early working version of an information system

36. Systems Development Tools and Techniques Computer-Aided Systems Engineering (CASE) Tools Computer-Aided Systems Engineering (CASE) Tools Also called computer-aided software engineering, is a technique that uses powerful software, called CASE tools, to help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems. Also called computer-aided software engineering, is a technique that uses powerful software, called CASE tools, to help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems. Framework for systems development and support a wide variety of design methodologies Framework for systems development and support a wide variety of design methodologies System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 36

37. Methodologies in the development of information systems Structured Analysis Structured Analysis Object-oriented (O-O) analysis Object-oriented (O-O) analysis Joint Application Development Rapid Application Development (RAD) Joint Application Development Rapid Application Development (RAD) The waterfall model The waterfall model Rational Unified Process Model Rational Unified Process Model System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 37

38. Methodologies in the development of information systems Structured Analysis Structured Analysis “Structured analysis is a set of techniques and graphical tools that allow the analyst to develop a new kind of system specification that are easily understandable to the user. Analysts work primarily with their wits, pencil and paper.” [Kendall 1996] “Structured analysis is a set of techniques and graphical tools that allow the analyst to develop a new kind of system specification that are easily understandable to the user. Analysts work primarily with their wits, pencil and paper.” [Kendall 1996] Uses a set of process models to describe a system graphically Uses a set of process models to describe a system graphically The availability of CASE tools in the 1990s enabled analysts to develop and modify the graphical SASD models. The availability of CASE tools in the 1990s enabled analysts to develop and modify the graphical SASD models. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 38 [1]

39. Methodologies in the development of information systems Object-oriented (O-O) analysis Object-oriented (O-O) analysis O-O analysis combines data & processes into things called objects O-O analysis combines data & processes into things called objects O-O analysis uses object models to represent data and behavior, and to show how objects affect other objects O-O analysis uses object models to represent data and behavior, and to show how objects affect other objects By describing the objects (data) and methods (processes) needed to support business operation, a system developer can design reusable components that allow faster system implementation and decreased development cost By describing the objects (data) and methods (processes) needed to support business operation, a system developer can design reusable components that allow faster system implementation and decreased development cost System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 39

40. Methodologies in the development of information systems System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 40 The PERSON class includes INSTRUCTOR and STUDENT objects, which have their own properties and inherited properties. Object-oriented (O-O) analysis [1]

41. Methodologies in the development of information systems The waterfall model System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 41 The waterfall model is consistent with other engineering process models and documentation is produced at each phase. This makes the process visible so managers can monitor progress against the development plan.

42. Methodologies in the development of information systems Joint Application Development Joint Application Development JAD – The basic idea behind JAD is to bring structure to the requirements determination phase of analysis and to the reviews that occur as a part of design. JAD – The basic idea behind JAD is to bring structure to the requirements determination phase of analysis and to the reviews that occur as a part of design. Team based fact finding Team based fact finding Users, Managers and Analysts work together for several days Users, Managers and Analysts work together for several days System requirements are reviewed System requirements are reviewed Structured meetings Structured meetings System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 42

43. Methodologies in the development of information systems Rapid Application Development (RAD) Rapid Application Development (RAD) RAD – created to radically decrease the time needed to design and implement information systems. RAD – created to radically decrease the time needed to design and implement information systems. RAD relies on extensive user involvement. RAD relies on extensive user involvement. Incorporate special techniques and tools: Incorporate special techniques and tools: CASE tools CASE tools JAD sessions JAD sessions Fourth generation/visualization programming languages Fourth generation/visualization programming languages Code generators Code generators PowerBuilder is a powerful program development RAD tool PowerBuilder is a powerful program development RAD tool System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 43

44. Methodologies in the development of information systems RUP MODEL Methodologies in the development of information systems RUP MODEL Phases of RUP: 1. Inception : Establish the business case for the system. 2. Elaboration : Develop an understanding of the problem domain and the system architecture. 3. Construction : System design, programming and testing. 4. Transition: Deploy the system in its operating environment. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 44

45. Methodologies in the development of information systems There are many other methods There are many other methods Selecting a methodology is not simple, as no one methodology is always best. Selecting a methodology is not simple, as no one methodology is always best. Many organizations have their own standards. Many organizations have their own standards. We will discuss this topic in more detail in the analysis chapter We will discuss this topic in more detail in the analysis chapter System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 45

46. The IT department System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD46

47. Lecture Summary In this lecture we have In this lecture we have Discussed the various systems development methods, tools, and techniques Discussed the various systems development methods, tools, and techniques Distinguished between structured analysis and object-oriented methodology Distinguished between structured analysis and object-oriented methodology System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 47

48. Homework Discussion 1. What are the main differences between structured, O-O, and agile development methods? 2. What is a CASE tool and what does it do? 3. What is prototyping and why is it important? 4. Discuss the different IT departments. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD48

49. Homework Project Create an organization chart of the office staff using Microsoft Word or a similar program, or you can draw it by hand. In Word 2013, 2010 and Word 2007, click the Insert tab on the Ribbon, then Smart Art, then Hierarchy. Create an organization chart of the office staff using Microsoft Word or a similar program, or you can draw it by hand. In Word 2013, 2010 and Word 2007, click the Insert tab on the Ribbon, then Smart Art, then Hierarchy. System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD49

50. Reference [1] System Analysis and Design, Sixth Edition Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Publisher: SHELLY CASHMAN SEWIES. [2] Modern Systems Analysis and Design Third Edition Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Publisher: prentice hall Publisher: prentice hall [3] System Analysis and Design, 3 rd Edition Authors: Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Publisher: John Wiley & sons System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD 50