1. 1 Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Installation and Upgrade Enhancements

2. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 2 Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: Install Oracle Database 11g Upgrade your database to Oracle Database 11g Use hot patching

3. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 3 Oracle Database 11g Installation: Changes Minor modifications to the install flow, with new screens for: –Turning off secure configuration in the seed database –Setting the out-of-box memory target –Specifying the database character set –Modifications to OS authentication to support SYSASM Addition of new products to the install: –Oracle Application Express –Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM) –SQL Developer –Warehouse Builder (server-side pieces) –Oracle Database Vault

4. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 4 Oracle Database 11g Installation: Changes Move to JDK/JRE 1.5 Removal of certain products and features from the installation: –OEM Java Console –Raw storage support for data files (installer only) –Oracle Data Mining Scoring Engine –Oracle Workflow – i SQL*Plus Addition of new prerequisite checks (largely feedback from SAP and various other bugs) Changes to the default file permissions

5. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 5 Oracle Database 11g Installation: Changes Minor changes to the clusterware installation: –Support for block devices for storage of OCR and Voting Disks Support for upgrade of XE databases directly to Oracle Database 11g Better conformance to OFA in the installation: –Prompt for ORACLE_BASE explicitly –Warnings in the alert log when ORACLE_BASE is not set

6. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 6 Notes only page

7. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 7 Oracle Database 11g: Software Installation

8. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 8 Oracle Database 11g: Software Installation

9. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 9 Practice 1-1: Overview In this practice, you install the Oracle Database 11g software.

10. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 10 Oracle Database Upgrade Enhancements Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Simplified upgrade Upgrade performance enhancement Post-Upgrade Status Tool

11. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 11 Pre-Upgrade Information Tool SQL script ( utlu111i.sql ) analyzes the database to be upgraded. Checks for parameter settings that may cause upgrade to fail and generates warnings Utility runs in “old server” and “old database” context. Provides guidance and warnings based on the Oracle Database 11g, Release 1 upgrade requirements Supplies information to the DBUA to automatically perform required actions

12. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 12 Pre-Upgrade Analysis The Pre-Upgrade Information Tool checks for: Database version and compatibility Redo log size Updated initialization parameters (for example, SHARED_POOL_SIZE ) Deprecated and obsolete initialization parameters Components in database (JAVAVM, Spatial, and so on) Tablespace estimates –Increase in total size –Additional allocation for AUTOEXTEND ON – SYSAUX tablespace

13. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 13 Practice 1-2: Overview In the first part of this practice, you conduct a pre-upgrade analysis.

14. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 14 STARTUP UPGRADE STARTUP UPGRADE suppresses normal upgrade errors: Only real errors are spooled. Automatically handles setting of system parameters that can otherwise cause problems during upgrade –Turns off job queues –Disables system triggers –Allows AS SYSDBA connections only –Replaces STARTUP MIGRATE in Oracle Database 9 i, Release 2 To upgrade, start up the database as follows: SQL> STARTUP UPGRADE

15. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 15 Upgrade Performance Enhancement Parallel recompilation of invalid PL/SQL database objects on multiprocessor CPUs: utlrp.sql can now exploit multiple CPUs to speed up the time required to recompile any stored PL/SQL and Java code. UTL_RECOMP automatically determines the level of parallelism based on CPU_COUNT and PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU.

16. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 16 Post-Upgrade Status Tool Run utlu111s.sql to display the results of the upgrade: Error logging now provides more information per component. Reviews the status of each component and lists the elapsed time Provides information about invalid or incorrect component upgrades Run this tool after the upgrade completes, to see errors and check the status of the components.

17. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 17 Oracle Database 11.1 Upgrade Status Utility 03-18-2007 22:48:55 Component Status Version HH:MM:SS Oracle Server VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:19:31 JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:03:32 Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:01:02 Oracle Enterprise Manager VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:12:02 Oracle XDK VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:00:42 Oracle Text VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:01:02 Oracle XML Database VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:04:24 Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:00:27 Oracle interMedia VALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:05:44 Spatial ORA-04031: unable to allocate 4096 bytes of shared memory ("java pool","java/awt/FrameSYS","joxlod exec hp",":SGAClass") ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_JAVA", line 704 INVALID 11.1.0.6.0 00:09:24 Total Upgrade Time: 02:08:24 Rerun the Upgrade

18. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 18 Upgrade Process

19. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 19 Prepare to Upgrade 1.Become familiar with the features of Oracle Database 11g, Release 1. 2.Determine the upgrade path. 3.Choose an upgrade method. 4.Choose an OFA-compliant Oracle home directory. 5.Prepare a backup and recovery strategy. 6.Develop a test plan to test your database, applications, and reports.

20. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 20 Oracle Database 11g Release 1: Upgrade Paths Direct upgrade to 11g is supported from 9.2.0.4 or higher, 10.1.0.2 or higher, and 10.2.0.1 or higher. If you are not at one of these versions, you need to perform a "double-hop" upgrade. Examples –7.3.4 9.2.0.8 11.1 –8.1.7.4 9.2.0.8 11.1

21. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 21 Choose an Upgrade Method Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) –Automated GUI tool that interactively steps the user through the upgrade process and configures the database to run with Oracle Database 11g, Release 1 Manual upgrade –Use SQL*Plus to perform any necessary actions to prepare for the upgrade, run the upgrade scripts, and analyze the upgrade results. Export and Import utilities –Use Data Pump or original Export/Import. CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement

22. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 22 Database Upgrade Assistant: Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages –Automates all tasks –Performs both release and patch set upgrades –Supports RAC, Single Instance, and ASM –Informs the user and fixes upgrade prerequisites –Automatically reports errors found in spool logs –Provides complete HTML report of the upgrade process –Command-line interface allows ISVs to automate Disadvantages –Offers less control over individual upgrade steps

23. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 23 Sample Test Plan Use Enterprise Manager to make a clone of your production system. Upgrade the test database to the latest version. Update COMPATIBLE to the latest version. Run your applications, reports, and legacy systems. Ensure adequate performance by comparing metrics gathered before and after the upgrade. Tune queries or problem SQL statements. Update any necessary database parameters.

24. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 24 Database Upgrade Assistant

25. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 25 Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) The DBUA is a GUI and command-line tool for performing database upgrades. Uses a wizard interface: –Automates the upgrade process –Simplifies detecting and handling of upgrade issues Supported releases for 11g: –9.2, 10.1 and 10.2 Patchset upgrades: –Supported: 10.2.0.3 and later Support the following database types: –Single instance –Real Application Clusters –Automatic Storage Management

26. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 26 Key DBUA Features Recoverability –Performs a backup of the database before upgrade –Can restore the database after upgrade (if needed) Runs all necessary scripts to perform the upgrade Displays upgrade progress at a component level Configuration checks –Automatically makes appropriate adjustments to the initialization parameters –Checks for adequate resources such as SYSTEM tablespace size, rollback segment size, and redo log size –Checks disk space for auto-extended data files –Creates mandatory SYSAUX tablespace

27. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 27 Key DBUA Features Configuration files –Creates init.ora and spfile in the new ORACLE_HOME –Updates network configurations –Uses OFA-compliant locations –Updates database information on OID Oracle Enterprise Manager –DBCA allows you to set up and configure EM DB Control. –DBCA allows you to register a database with EM Grid Control. –If EM is in use, DBCA enables you to upgrade the EM catalog and make the necessary configuration changes. Logging and tracing –Writes detailed trace and logging files ( ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/dbua/ /upgradeNN )

28. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 28 Key DBUA Features Minimizing down time –Speeds up upgrade by disabling archiving –Recompiles packages in parallel –Does not require user interaction after upgrade starts Security features –Locks new users in the upgraded database Real Application Clusters –Upgrades all nodes –Upgrades all configuration files

29. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 29 Command-Line Syntax Silent mode run Backup location Custom scripts Initialization parameters Help EM configuration $ dbua –silent –dbName $ dbua -postUpgradeScripts $ dbua –initParam $ dbua -help $ dbua –emConfiguration $ dbua –backupLocation

30. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 30 Using DBUA to Upgrade Your Database

31. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 31 Choose Database to Upgrade and Diagnostic Destination

32. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 32 Moving Database Files

33. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 33 Database File Locations

34. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 34 Recovery Configuration

35. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 35 Management Options and Database Credentials

36. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 36 Network Configuration

37. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 37 Recompile Invalid Objects

38. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 38 Database Backup and Space Checks

39. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 39 Database Upgrade Summary

40. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 40 Upgrade Progress and Results

41. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 41 Practice 1-2: Overview In the second part of this practice, you upgrade your ASM instance to an Oracle Database 11g environment.

42. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 42 You are now ready to use Oracle Database 11g, Release 1! Perform any required post-upgrade steps. Make additional post-upgrade adjustments to the initialization parameters. Upgrade the Recovery Catalog. Test your applications and tune performance. Set the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter to 11.1 to make full use of the Oracle Database 11g, Release 1 features. –10.0.0 is the minimum compatibility required for 11.1.

43. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 43 Deprecated Features in Oracle Database 11g, Release 1 Oracle Ultra Search Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.4 CTXXPATH index

44. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 44 Important Initialization Parameter Changes USER_DUMP_DEST BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST CORE_DUMP_DEST UNDO_MANAGEMENT not set implies AUTO mode. To migrate to automatic undo management: 1.Set UNDO_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL. 2.Execute your workload. 3.Execute the DBMS_UNDO_ADV.RBU_MIGRATION function. 4.Create an undo tablespace based on previous size result. 5.Set UNDO_MANAGEMENT=AUTO. DIAGNOSTIC_DEST

45. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 45 Notes only page

46. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 46 Direct NFS Client: Overview Oracle Database 10g Specific kernel NFS driver NAS Storage DBA Oracle RDBMS kernel Specific configuration parameters Variations across platforms Many parameters to tune Oracle Database 11g NAS Storage (NFS V3) Oracle RDBMS kernel Optional generic configuration parameters Ease of NFS configuration Fewer parameters to tune Specific kernel NFS driver

47. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 47 Direct NFS Configuration Mount all expected mount points using kernel NFS driver. (Optional) Create an oranfstab file. server: MyDataServer1 path: 132.34.35.12 path: 132.34.35.13 export: /vol/oradata1 mount: /mnt/oradata1 cp libodm11.so libodm11.so_stub ln -s libnfsodm11.so libodm11.so 1 2 3 /etc/mtab $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/oranfstab /etc/oranfstab Mount points lookup order Load balancing and failover

48. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 48 Notes only page

49. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 49 Monitoring Direct NFS V$DNFS_CHANNELS V$DNFS_SERVERS V$DNFS_STATS V$DNFS_FILES PNUM Join column SVR_ID

50. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 50 Hot Patching: Overview For a bug fix or diagnostic patch on a running Oracle instance, hot patching provides the ability to do the following: Install Enable Disable

51. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 51 Installing a Hot Patch Applying a hot patch does not require instance shutdown, relinking of the Oracle binary, or instance restart. OPatch can be used to install or uninstall a hot patch. OPatch detects conflicts between two hot patches, as well as between a hot patch and a conventional patch.

52. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 52 Benefits of Hot Patching No down time and no interruption of business Extremely fast install and uninstall times Integrated with OPatch: –Conflict detection –Listed in patch inventory –Works in RAC environment Although the on-disk Oracle binary is unchanged, hot patches persist across instance shutdown and startup.

53. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 53 Conventional Patching and Hot Patching Take only a few seconds to install or uninstall Take several minutes to install or uninstall Persist across instance startup and shutdown Installed and uninstalled via OPatch Do not require down time to apply or remove Require down time to apply or remove Hot PatchesConventional Patches

54. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 54 Hot Patching Considerations Hot patches may not be available on all platforms. They are currently available on: –Linux x86 –Linux x86-64 –Solaris SPARC64 Some extra memory is consumed. –Exact amount depends on: — Size of patch — Number of concurrently running Oracle processes –Minimum amount of memory: approximately one OS page per running Oracle process

55. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 55 Hot Patching Considerations There may be a small delay (a few seconds) before every Oracle process installs or uninstalls a hot patch. Not all bug fixes and diagnostic patches are available as a hot patch. Use hot patches in situations when down time is not feasible. When down time is possible, you should install all relevant bug fixes as conventional patches.

56. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 56 Practice 1-4: Overview In this practice, you create a database.

57. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 57 Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: Install Oracle Database 11g Upgrade your database to Oracle Database 11g Use hot patching

58. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 - 58