2. “ Be ‘’ verb patterns Be verbs: am, is are, was, were, be,being, and been 1. Subject + be verb + adverb of time/place Ex: The children are upstairs. (place) Ex: His job interview is tomorrow. (time) 2. Subject + be verb + predicate adjective Ex: The puppies are playful. 3. Subject + be verb + predicate noun Ex: John is my cousin.

3. Adverbs: Describe adverbs, verbs, adjectives Adverbs of time tell WHEN or WHERE adverbs, verbs, adjectives, take place

4. Predicate Adjective &Noun Predicate adjective- a predicate that modifies (describes) the subject Example: Bosses can be demanding--demanding is an adjective that describes bosses Predicate noun – a predicate that is a noun and modifies (describes) the subject, which is a noun Example: Ms. Salam is a teacher –teacher is a noun that describes Ms. Salam

5. Linking verb patterns Linking verbs deal the senses, plus the words appears, remains, seems, becomes, and became 4. Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective Ex: The spaghetti smells delicious. 5. Subject + linking verb + predicate noun Ex; The students became grammarians.

6. Linking Verbs: Do not express action Connect the subject of the verb to additional information about the verb: ex John is a boy True linking verbs (always linking): Any form of the verb be (is, was, were, has been, are being, might have been, become, seem) Other words that are sometimes linking verbs: Appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, smell, sound, taste, turn If you can sub am, is, are and sentence still makes sense they are linking Ex. The stew tasted good ----The stew IS good= linking verb Ex. Sylvia tasted the stew---Sylvia IS the stew= action verb

7. “Intransitive ” verb pattern 6. Subject + intransitive verb Ex: The boys laughed Ex: The baby cried Ex: Paula hesitated Ex: John waited at the library.

8. Intransitive Verbs Is an action verb Does not have a direct object receiving the action Ex. James went to the café

9. “Transitive” verb patterns 7. subject + trans. Verb + direct object Ex: The children ate their lunch. 8. Subject + trans. Verb + Indirect object + direct object Ex: Bob gave Susan a new car. 9. Subject + trans. Verb + D.O. + objective complement adjective Ex: The boys consider her quite attractive. 10. Subject + trans. Verb + obj. comp. noun Ex: The children consider their naps an irritation.

10. Transitive verb Action verb with a direct object Direct objects tell WHO/What receives the action of the verb Subject + Verb+ what? Who? John + carried + the bags Indirect objects tell who gets the direct object Indirect objects always have direct objects John + carried + the bags + for us Chris + made+ his sister+ a cake

11. Things to consider when identifying patterns 1. Identify the sentence verb 1 st 2. “a,” “an,” and “the” are articles and function as adjectives.

12. Sentence Types 1. Simple: Is an independent clause, which contains a subject/verb and is a complete thought. Ex: Robert has a new car 2. Compound: Contains 2 independent clauses Ex: Mary likes the Mountains, but Jackie prefers the seashore? 3. Complex: contains at least I independent clause and I or more dependent clauses: Ex: After we left the football game, we went to the Waffle House.

13. 4.Compound/complex: Contains at least 2 independent clauses and I or more dependent clauses. Ex: Because there was very little ran this year, the corn crop was poor, and the cattle had to eat old stores of hay.