1. New limit on axion-like interaction from storage of polarized 3 He A.K. Petukhov, D. Jullien, ILL 14-19Feb 2010 GRANIT

2. The microscopic potential (1) between two nucleons creates a macroscopic potential between nucleon and matter. For nucleon at point x from infinite layer of thickness d: We can introduce pseudo-magnetic field B a Axion mediate a P- and T-odd monopole-dipole interaction potential between spin and matter: Axion induced pseudo-magnetic field can result in the same spin-evolution phenomena as usual magnetic field: a)Frequency shift of Larmor precession in extra field: b) Axion induced depolarization due to extra-gradient :

3. G. D. Cates, S. R. Schaefer, and W. Happer: Relaxation of spins due to field inhomogeneities in gaseous samples at low magnetic fields and low pressures, Phys.Rev A37, 2877 (1988) For high pressure: For low pressure Electro-magnetic DC 40cm 20cm 80cm

4. N. R. Newbury, A. S. Barton, G. D. Cates, W. Happer, and H. Middleton, Phys. Rev. A48, 4411,(1993) +/-2-3% For high pressure ~1Bar and high magnetic field: The first attempt to extract information about axion field from 3 He storage was made by Yu. Pokotilovski: arXive: 0902.1682 [nucl-ex] 12 Feb 2009 Idea: Taking into account axion pseudo-magnetic field: Hence, for cylindrical cell 5cm diameter 5cm long filled with polarized 3 He at 1Bar. R. Parnell, E. Babcock, N. Nuninghof et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth., A589, 774 (2009)

5. Can we improve this result? Answer: Yes! The pseudo-magnetic axion field does not depend on DC power supply used to create magnetic field! Go up for lower magnetic field! The other terms:, and even do not depend on magnetic field magnitude. Conclusion: To extract we have to measure

6. Experiment Electro-magnetic DC 40cm 20cm 80cm Electro-magnetic DC 40cm 20cm 80cm 3 He 5cm 10cm 0.3Bar 1.5cm NMR voltage Small NMR coil -> small perturbation 3 He polarization was probed at the same B 0 = 1.43G for which no visible hysteresis was observed

7. Main results For 1 Bar of 3 He @10G Has to be compared with Which is 66 times lower! New limit: or

9. BMSR-2: Anti-Magnetic Screen (PTB Berlin) 8 layers of ì-metal, HF shielding rest field: 400 pT gradient in rest field: several pT/cm in a volume of ~ 2 m3