1. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Responding to the global challenges through English at schools Fuad Abdul Hamied Indonesia

2. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 ? Substance or medium of instruction Standards or existing potentials “Englishization” or internationalization

3. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English at schools? “although dynamics of power and domination may be invisible, they permeate the fabric of classroom life” (Auerbach 1995, p. 9)

4. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English at schools? “if we elevate language, … to a central role in the (re)production of global inequalities, the relationship between English and these inequalities becomes on the one hand stronger but on the other more open to resistance” (Pennycook 1995, p. 53)

5. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 “…any language that has acquired global spread and status runs the risk of being potentially hegemonic, but users of that global language are also granted access to ‘new worlds’ that that language opens up” (Samuel 2000, p. 2) English at schools?

6. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English at schools? “English speakers, the world over, have turned the language into a multi-faceted one, serving both global and local needs. This phenomenon of Glocal English … achieving range and depth in its spread” (Anne Pakir 2000, p. 16)

7. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English in education? “We must first read the world— the cultural, social, and political practices that constitute it— before we can make sense of the word-level description of reality” (Macedo 2000, p. 11)

8. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Education in the country: Background

9. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 1945 Constitution to advance the intellectual life of the people … Every one … entitled to an education and to obtain benefit from science and technology, art and culture, in order to enhance his/her quality of life, …

10. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Law on Education Provincial/district governments to establish a school in each level of education with international standards English: a foreign language considered important for global communication and partnership

11. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 2000-2014 (in millions) 11 Source: RPJMN 2010-2014 Population Growth 20002005 2010 (projection) 2014 (projection)

12. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Population Pyramids: 2000 & 2025 (in millions) 12 2000 2025 Source: Proyeksi Penduduk Indonesia 2000 – 2025, BPS – BAPPENAS - UNFPA males females

13. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 INDONESIA 54 Research Inst Quality Univ/Industry Research Partnership Availability: Science & Tech Expertise INNOVATION

14. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 GCI: Education Participation 2008-2009 Source: WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM 14 Primary School Participation rate High School Gross Participation rate College Gross Participation rate

15. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Ed Layers & Students No Layers# Institutions# Students 1 Primary165,755 56.1% 29,498,266 2 Junior Secondary39,160 20.9% 10,961,492 3 Senior Secondary22,383 14.3% 7,533,408 4 Colleges/Univ’s2,975 8.7% 4,565,988 TOTAL 52,559,154 15

16. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 16 Teacher-Student Ratios ElementaryJunior High

17. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 The Magnitude of ELT #English Teachers: 122,588 4.4% # Teachers: 2,783,321 Junior High 39,160 schools 10,961,492 students Senior High 22,383 schools 7,533,408 students

18. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Teaching potentials

19. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English Teachers School levels TotalWith no Ac. Qual. With Ac Qualification Primary40,42322,13918,284 Junior Secondary 49,69511,83437,861 Senior Secondary 21,1451,61719,528 Senior Sec(Vocational) 11,2951,17910,116 Total 122,558 36,769 30% 85,789 70% Source: Setditjen PMPTK bagrenpmptk@gmail.com 31 March 2010 19:48bagrenpmptk@gmail.com

20. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Teacher candidates’ performance by subject No Test Subject #Test items Average Score % achievement 1English4023.3758% 2Chemistry4022.3356% 3Indonesian4020.5651% 4Biology4019.0048% 5Mathematics4014.3436% 6Physics4013.2433%

21. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Pilot Project Schools with International Standards

22. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Quality Assurance Highest recognition from National Board of Accreditation Implementing school-based curriculum & fulfilling content and output standards Benchmarking in learning process to OECD and other developed countries Math, science and core courses delivered in English

23. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 How good in English? TOEIC in 549 schools 27,083 people as testees –2007: 13,102 test takers –2008: 13,981 test takers

24. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 English Proficiency at Pilot Project Schools with International Standards 2007 TOEIC Scores #Test Takers INTERMEDIATE 50.4% 34.34% 11.99% 3.51% 0.51% 0.08%

25. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Criticisms  to charge extra fees for high-quality education  the requirements in the law …are flawed  not accompanied by adequate human resources

26. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Teacher education

27. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Public & Private Tertiary Institutions offering ELT

28. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Tertiary Institutions offering ELT: accreditation PUBLICPRIVATE Total: 128 ELT programs

29. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Formal Qualification of EFL Teachers: overall

30. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 TEFL professional organizations

31. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Professional assistance English across the curriculum non-English teachers with English proficiency needed teaching-learning resources in different regions

32. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Extrinsic Challenges to EFL Teaching Profession AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) cooperation in industry, …., human resource development and other economic-related areas quality and competitiveness of human resources

33. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 EFL Teaching Profession teacher quality  mastery of the subject, i.e. the English language, to teach  the methodology of EFL teaching  commitment to the profession  teacher support and welfare

34. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Conclusion

35. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 Competitiveness: QUALITY ELT Tertiary Programs & Professional Organizations  to strengthen EFL teachers’ professionalism Balancing: standards against capacity; global issues against national interests;

36. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010 “Early on in your education you are socialized to understand the need to support the power structure, … if you don’t support the interest of the people who have wealth and power, you don’t survive very long. You are just weeded out of the system or marginalized” (Chomsky, 2000)

37. 8 th Asia TEFL Conference, Hanoi, 5-9 August 2010