1. Review Game Unit 5 Element Bonding

2. When the highest occupied energy level of an atom is filled with electrons, the atom is _______ and not likely to ____. Stable/react Which group of elements is always stable. Group 18, 8A, noble gases How many valence electrons do these elements have? 8

3. What name is given to the following model of the atom? Electron dot diagram The symbol of the element represents: The nucleus and all non-valence electrons The chemical properties of an element depend on : Number of valance electrons

4. An atom that has a net positive or negative charge is called a/an ____. ion The formation of an ionic bond involves the ____ of electrons. Transfer Ionic bonds are always between a ____ and a ____. metal / nonmetal

5. How do cations achieve a stable electron configuration? By losing electrons to drop back to be like the last noble gas before them. What about anions? Take electrons to be like the next noble gas up. Is an anion a metal or nonmetal? nonmetal

6. What is the ratio of sodium ions to chlorine ions in the substance NaCl? 1 sodium ion to 1 chlorine ion (1:1) What would the systematic name of this compound be? Sodium chloride Do ionic compounds form molecules? no

7. An ionic compound is held together by ___. The attraction between the positive cation and the negative anion. In the compound K 2 S, the subscript 2 indicates what? There are 2 potassium ions for each sulfur ion. What would the correct chemical formula be for a compound between rubidium and oxygen? Rb 2 O

8. Give one general property of an ionic compound. Another These general properties can be explained by ____. The strong attractions between ions in a crystal lattice.

9. The amount of energy used to remove an electron from an atom is known as _____. ionization energy Ionization energy tends to increase from ____ to ____ and from ____ to _____. left to right and bottom to top. A ______ is a notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of atoms or ions of these elements in the compound. chemical formula

10. A bond in which 2 atoms share a pair of valence electrons is a _____. covalent bond A covalent bond always forms between ____. 2 or more nonmetals Does a covalent bond form molecules? yes If 2 of the same atoms react in a covalent bond it forms a ____. diatomic molecule

11. What hold the atoms together in a covalent bond? The attraction between the shared electrons and the protons in the nucleus. What type of covalent bond is formed when 2 atoms share 3 pairs of electron? A triple covalent bond. How would this be depicted in a Lewis Dot Structure?

12. If electrons are not shared equally between atoms in a covalent bond, a ____ covalent bond is created. polar What 2 things determine whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar? Type of atoms in a molecule and its shape. Is the water molecule polar? Yes Which atom pulls more on the electrons? oxygen

13. Does the polarity of water molecules increase its boiling point? Yes Is the boiling point of water higher or lower than the boiling point of carbon dioxide? higher What is another property of water caused from its polar molecules? cohesion or surface tension

14. To name a binary ionic compound the name of the ___ comes first. metal Followed by the name of the nonmetal with the end dropped and replaced with “___” “ide” An ionic compound of aluminum and phosphorus would be named ____. aluminum phosphide

15. To name a molecular compound, ___ are used to tell how many of a certain atom. Prefixes The name dicarbon tetrafluoride tells us there are ___ atoms of carbon and ___ atoms of fluorine. 2 / 4 A covalently bonded group of atoms that have a net positive or negative charge and act as a unit are called _____. Polyatomic ions

16. Many _____ metals form more than one type of ion. transition These can be indicated by ___ or ____. A roman numeral or a number-symbol superscript What does the prefix “poly” mean? many

17. What is the correct chemical formula? Strontium + sulfur SrS potassium + nitrogen K 3 N beryllium + nitrogen Be 3 N 2 Calcium iodide CaI 2

18. What is the correct chemical formula? nitrogen dioxide NO 2 dinitrogen hexafluoride N 2 F 6 carbon monoxide CO

19. The attraction between the metal cation and the shared electrons that surround them forms a ____ bond. metallic Metals are good conductors and are malleable and ductile because of: The mobility of electrons within the metal lattice. Define ductile. The ability of a substance to be drawn into thin wires without breaking.

20. What is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal? alloy What is the purpose of an alloy? To obtain the desired properties from each metal. How are do scientists design alloys with specific properties? By varying types and amounts of elements in the alloy

21. In its simplest form, _____ contains only copper and tin. bronze Another copper alloy, _____, contains copper and nickel in its simplest form. brass Which is the harder metal between bronze and brass? bronze

22. Steel is created by combining ______ with iron. Carbon How does increasing the amount of carbon affect steel? Increases strength of the lattice If chromium is added to the steel alloy, ____ is created. stainless steel Which metal has the highest melting point? tungsten What is the symbol of tungsten? W