1. CHAPTER 11.3 (PG 319-322): OTHER PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE

2. Incomplete Dominance -One allele is not completely dominant over another -Creates a trait that is a mixture of two other traits

3. X →

5. Codominance -Both alleles for a trait are expressed at the same time

8. Multiple Alleles -A gene that has more than two versions has multiple alleles

9. Polygenic Traits -Are traits produced by the interaction of several genes – Height – Pigmentation – Intelligence

10. Pleiotropy* (NOT on test) -Is when one gene influences multiple traits – Marfan syndrome: a change in one gene causes many effects – Albinism: one gene turns pigmentation on or off – Many genes may have pleiotropic effects that have not been discovered yet

12. Environmental Influences -Can affect gene expression and influence genetically determined traits -Phenylketonuria (PKU) – Both copies of the gene for the enzyme that breaks down phenylalanine are non-functional – Consuming too much phenylalanine causes mental retardation