1. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

2. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Presented by- Kawsar Hawlader, Senior Lecturer Cambrian College, Dhaka

3. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

4. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

5. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

6. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

7. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” The blood circulatory system of Rohu is consists of 4 components as- 1.Blood 2.Heart 3.Arterial system 4.Venous system

8. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”  The blood of Labeo is consists of plasma and corpuscles  Corpuscles are 2 types- 1.R.B.C and 2. W.B.C

9. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Blood is pale-red colour and composed of plasma and blood corpuscles. Oval shaped nucleated erythrocytes (Red blood cells) to transport oxygen to the cells in the fish and transport carbon dioxide away from the cells. Leucocytes (white blood cell) are made up of several types and are discussed more in the topic about "the Immune system of the Rohu fish." Platelets help with coagulation of the blood to stoop bleeding. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood to suspended the other components of the blood with in it, including food particles, hormones and waste products from the cells to the liver and kidneys. Rohu fishes blood is approximately 2% of their body weight. Blood is pale-red colour and composed of plasma and blood corpuscles. Oval shaped nucleated erythrocytes (Red blood cells) to transport oxygen to the cells in the fish and transport carbon dioxide away from the cells. Leucocytes (white blood cell) are made up of several types and are discussed more in the topic about "the Immune system of the Rohu fish." Platelets help with coagulation of the blood to stoop bleeding. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood to suspended the other components of the blood with in it, including food particles, hormones and waste products from the cells to the liver and kidneys. Rohu fishes blood is approximately 2% of their body weight.

10. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

11. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” The heart is known as a pump machine for it's force generating power. It surrounded hard elestic membrane, called pericardium. The Rohu fishe's heart has two chambers: An atrium and a ventricle. The venous side of the heart is preceded by an enlarged chamber called the sinus venous. The arterial side of the heart is followed by a thickened muscular cavity called the bulbus arteriosus. It known as venosus heart due to the circulation of only impure blood. impure blood.

12. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Blood flow: * The sinus venosus receive oxygen-depleted blood from the body. A valve at the end of the sinus venosus opens into the atrium. * The atrium has thick, muscular walls. The atrium receives oxygen-depleted blood and pumps it into the ventricle. * The ventricle is the largest and most muscular chamber of the heart. When filled with blood, it constricts, forcing the blood through the bulbus arteriosus. * Blood flows through the bulbus arteriosus into the ventral aorta. A valve or series of valves in the bulbus arteriosus controls blood flow into the ventral aorta. * From the ventral aorta, blood flows to the gill filaments, where it is oxygenated. * Oxygenated blood flows form the gill filaments to the organs of the head and body. A complex system of arteries, veins, and capillaries circulates blood through the body and returns the blood to the sinus venosus. Blood flow: * The sinus venosus receive oxygen-depleted blood from the body. A valve at the end of the sinus venosus opens into the atrium. * The atrium has thick, muscular walls. The atrium receives oxygen-depleted blood and pumps it into the ventricle. * The ventricle is the largest and most muscular chamber of the heart. When filled with blood, it constricts, forcing the blood through the bulbus arteriosus. * Blood flows through the bulbus arteriosus into the ventral aorta. A valve or series of valves in the bulbus arteriosus controls blood flow into the ventral aorta. * From the ventral aorta, blood flows to the gill filaments, where it is oxygenated. * Oxygenated blood flows form the gill filaments to the organs of the head and body. A complex system of arteries, veins, and capillaries circulates blood through the body and returns the blood to the sinus venosus.

13. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

14. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Afferent branchial artery carries deoxygeneted blood from heart to gills. There are four pairs of afferent branchial arteries in Rohu of like this bony fish. The ventral aorta with its enlarged base bulbus arteriosus runs for wards and gives off four pairs of afferent branchial vessele of which the 1st afferent branchial arteries divides anteriorly into two arteries and enter into the first pair of gill. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th pairs of afferent branchial arteries arise laterally from the ventral aorta and enter into the respective gill and end into capillaris to the gill lamellae. Here deoxygeneted blood be oxygeneted.

15. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” After oxygenation in the gills the blood is collected by means of four pairs of efferent branchial arteries. Only one efferent is present in each gill arch and the first two of these emerge dorsally from the gills and join to form the first epibranchial vessel. The epibranchial of the two sides run posteriorly and meet to from the dorsal aorta. The third and fourth efferent branchial vessels also emerge from their respective holobranches and join to form a short second epibranchial which opens into the dorsal aorta.

16. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” The dorsal aorta runs posteriorly below the vertebral column. The subclavian artery arises from the dorsal aorta, a little behind the second epibranchial and supplies blood to the pectoral fins. The coeliaco-mesenteric artery arises from the dorsal aorta a little behind the subclavian and soon divides into coeliac and mesenteric arteries. The coeliac artery supplies blood to the anterior part of the intestine while the mesenteric gives off branches to the liver, spleen, air bladder, gonads and to the rest of the alimentary canal.

17. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” c)

18. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Venous system of Rohu fish consists of the systemic veins and portal veins. Systemic venous system: Venous blood is carried to the sinus verous by right and left ductus cuveeri. Each ductus cavieri is formed by an anterior cardinal vein, a juguler vein and a posterior eardinal vein. These are all comprises the systemic venous system. a) Anterior cardinal vein: A pair of anterior cardinal veins collect blood from the anterior part of the body. They receive opercular vein before opening is to the ductus cavieri. Ductus cuvieri enter into the sinus venosus. Mainly they collect blood from the operculum, eyeball, hyoid and the dorsal side of the phxrynx regions. b) Inferior jugular veins: A pair of inferior jugular veins extended parallely to the anterion cardinal veins. They collect blood from the maxillary, mandibulary, nusal, optic regions. They also collect blood from the ventral surface of the pharynx and enter into ductus cuvieri. Systemic venous system: Venous blood is carried to the sinus verous by right and left ductus cuveeri. Each ductus cavieri is formed by an anterior cardinal vein, a juguler vein and a posterior eardinal vein. These are all comprises the systemic venous system. a) Anterior cardinal vein: A pair of anterior cardinal veins collect blood from the anterior part of the body. They receive opercular vein before opening is to the ductus cavieri. Ductus cuvieri enter into the sinus venosus. Mainly they collect blood from the operculum, eyeball, hyoid and the dorsal side of the phxrynx regions. b) Inferior jugular veins: A pair of inferior jugular veins extended parallely to the anterion cardinal veins. They collect blood from the maxillary, mandibulary, nusal, optic regions. They also collect blood from the ventral surface of the pharynx and enter into ductus cuvieri.

19. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” c) Posterior cardinal veins: The posterior curdinal vein collect blood from the posterior part of the body. The blood from the tail region is collected by a medial caudal vein, which just entering into the trunk bifurcates into right and left branches. Right branch runs forward as right posterior cardinal vein and open into the ductus cuvieri. The left posterior cardinal vein arises from the kidney. Then it run forward and open into the ductus cuvieri. Right and left posterior cardinal are connected each other by some transverse veins, which are called as transverse anastomosis. Both the posterior cardinal veins receive segmental vein, renal vein and genital vein before opening into the ductus cuvieri. Posterior cardinal veins

20. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”

21. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Portal System: The hepatic portal veins collects blood form the capillaries of the alimentary canal, stleen, air bladder and the gonads and empties into the liver and also breaks up into capillarus. From the liver two hepatic veins aries and carry the blood to the sinus venosus. The left branch of caudal vein entering into the left kidney and giving off numerous afferent veins and this is called renal portal vein, which break up into capillaries. These capillaries arrange to form the left posterior candinal vein, which runs forward and carry blood to the sisnus venosus.

22. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Group -A Write down the functions of arterial system. Group-B Write down circulating process in the venous system.

23. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Rafiq observed that the special organ of circulatory system is a very amazing when he was dissecting a special animal under the phylum Chordata. A special process is occurred by this organ. a.What is bulbus arteriosus? b.What is meant by venous heart? c.Describe the special process mentioned in the stem. d.Write down the dissimilarity between the special organ and the same organ of Rafiq.

24. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All” Draw a picture of the venous system of Rohu fish.

25. MD. KAWSAR ALI HAWLADER,LECTURER OF BIOLOGY, CLASS-XI, CHAPTER-2 Cambrian Education Group “Total Education For All”