2. The Urinary System

3. Myth or Fact? 1. Urinating on a jellyfish sting will help alleviate the pain. 2. It is safe to drink your own urine. 3. If someone is sleeping and you put their hand in warm water, they will pee their pants. 4. Holding your urine can cause a bladder infection. 5. There is a fish that will follow a urine stream and enter the urethra.

4. Myth or Fact? 6. You can prevent dehydration and survive by drinking your own urine. 7. Urine contains bacteria. 8. When you urinate, your bladder relaxes. 9. You can strengthen the muscles that help you to urinate. 10. If you wait to long to urinate, your bladder can burst inside your body.

5. 31. Introduction -Cells produce waste that can become toxic if they accumulate Functions ●the urinary system removes salts and nitrogenous wastes ● maintains normal concentration of water and electrolytes ●maintains pH, controls red blood cell production and blood pressure

6. Electrolytes Charged particles that produce conducting solution in water Include Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, Bicarbonate (Na +, Ca 2+, K +, HCO 3 - ) They regulate our nerve and muscle function, our body's hydration, blood pH, and blood pressure

7. Structure ● consists of a pair of kidneys which remove substances from the blood ● ureters which transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder ● urinary bladder stores urine ● urethra conveys urine to the outside of the body

8. Kidneys ● lie on either side of the vertebral column deep in the abdominal cavity ● positioned behind the parietal peritoneum ● lateral side is convex, medial is a concave area called the renal sinus ● Entrance is called the HILUM- renal blood vessels enter here

9. Structure of Kidney -renal medulla = center of the kidney -renal cortex = outer shell around the medulla; the cortex appears granulated due to the presence of nephrons -renal pyramids= triangular wedges making up medulla -renal papilla= at base of renal pyramids, release urine into hilum

10. -renal arteries and veins supply blood to the kidneys - Calyx- cuplike structure where urine leaves kidney -renal pelvis- superior end of the kidney where calyces join together to form basin- drains urine