1. A brief introduction to World Heritage 12-16 March 2004 ITB Berlin

2. What is World Heritage? Grand Canyon National Park, USA

3. They are all places of “outstanding universal value” they are part of a heritage of all humankind their protection is our shared responsibility they are held in trust for this and future generations This is the rationale for the World Heritage Convention

4. Detail of Temple, Luang Prabang, Laos

5. Ancient Ksour, Oualata, Mauritania

6. Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal

7. Venice and its lagoon, Italy

8. The Great Barrier Reef, Australia

9. What is the World Heritage Convention? An international agreement adopted in 1972 Culture + nature 176 “States Parties” Overseen by the World Heritage Committee Serviced by UNESCO Advised by IUCN, ICCROM and ICOMOS UNESCO’s World Heritage Centre created in 1992 as Secretariat to the World Heritage Committee

10. How does it work? The WH Committee … sets ground rules for operation of Convention establishes criteria for sites agrees what sites go on WH List keeps sites on List under review agrees what sites go on the List of WH in Danger oversees budget provides funds and advice to help countries States Parties … nominate sites for inclusion on the WH List agree to protect the sites elect the WH Committee (composed of 21 States Parties)

11. How does a site get on the List? The WH Committee: inscribes the site as Natural, Cultural or Mixed property defers or rejects the nomination State Party selects property for nomination The Advisory Bodies evaluate: does it meet selection criteria? is it of “outstanding universal value”? is it well managed and protected?

12. In other words… Sites are proposed voluntarily by the State Party wherein the property lies. In Germany, XXXXX UNESCO claims no authority and has no authority over any World Heritage site, including those in Germany.

13. Criteria for inscription of Cultural Properties (i)Represent a masterpiece of human creative genius (ii) Exhibit an important interchange of human values, over time or area, in architecture, technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design (iii) Bear a unique testimony to a cultural tradition or civilization (iv) Be an outstanding example of a type of building, architecture, or technological ensemble or landscape, which illustrates significant stages in human history (v) Traditional human settlements or land-use, vulnerable under impact of irreversible change (vi) Associated with events or living tradition, beliefs, artistic and literary works of exception

14. Criteria for inscription of Natural Properties (i) Outstanding example representing major stages of earth’s history (ii) Represent significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of ecosystems and communities of plants and animals (iii) Contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance (iv) Contain natural habitats for in–situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value

15. World Heritage in Numbers 176 countries (“States Parties”) ratified the Convention 754 sites in 128 countries

16. The World Heritage List (By region and type) CulturalNaturalMixedTotal Africa2830260 (8%) Arab states533157 (7.5%) Asia & Pacific 99399147 (19.5%) Europe & North America 328478383 (50.8%) Latin America 74303107 (14.2%) Total58214923754

17. The 27 World Heritage sites in Germany 1978 Aachen Cathedral 1981 Speyer Cathedral 1981 Würzburg Residence 1983 Pilgrimage Church of Wies 1984Castles of Augustusburg & Falkenlust at Brühl 1985 St Mary’s Cathedral & St Michael’s Church at Hildesheim 1986 Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter Church of Our Lady in Trier 1987Hanseatic City of Lübeck 1990-1992-1999 Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin 1991 Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch 1992 Mines of Rammelsberg and Historic Town of Goslar 1993 Town of Bamberg 1993 Maulbronn Monastery Complex Historical Park 1994 Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg 1994 Völklingen Ironworks 1995 Messel Pit Fossile Site 1996 Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar and Dessau 1996 Cologne Cathedral 1996 Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg 1998 Classic Weimar 1999 Museuminsel (Museum Island), Berlin 1999 Wartburg Castle 2000 Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz 2000 Monastic Island of Reichenau 2001 Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen 2002 Historic Centres of Straslund and Wismar 2002 Upper Middle Rhine Valley

18. What are the benefits of World Heritage designation? Governments seek World Heritage status because it: Provides recognition for the site Strengthens its protection Attracts international funding Helps to get technical support

19. How is a site monitored? Periodic Reporting on the legislative and administrative provisions taken for the application of the Convention (SP to undertake every 6 years) Arab States2000 Africa2001 Asia and the Pacific2002 Latin America and the Caribbean2003 Europe and North America 2004-5 Reactive Monitoring on the State of Conservation of specific sites that are under threat (WHC undertakes 100 missions per year)

20. A site may be inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger when faced with ascertained or potential danger (SP consent) 35 sites are currently in danger of losing their « World Heritage » status: 18 cultural sites 17 natural sites Per region: Africa: 14 sites Arab States: 7 sites Asia: 8 sites Europe & Nth America: 3 sites Latin America & Caribbean: 3 sites

21. List of World Heritage in Danger Afghanistan - Cultural landscape and arch. Remains of Bamiyan Valley (2003) - Minaret and archaeological remains of Jam, 2002 Albania - Butrint, 1997 Algeria – Tipasa, 2002 Azerbaijan – Walled city of Baku with the Shirvanshah’s Palace and Maiden Tower (2003) Benin - Royal Palaces of Abomey, 1985 Cambodia – Angkor, 1992 Central African Republic - Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park, 1997 Cote d’Ivoire – Comoé National Park (2003) Cote d'Ivoire / Guinea - Mount Nimba Nature Reserve, 1992 Democratic Republic of Congo -Virunga National Park, 1994 -Garamba National Park, 1996 -Kahuzi-Biega National Park, 1997 -Okapi Wildlife Reserve, 1997 -Salonga National Park, 1999 Ecuador - Sangay National Park, 1992 Egypt - Abu Mena, 2001 Ethiopia - Simien National Park, 1996 Honduras - Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve, 1996 India - Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, 1992 - Group of Monuments at Hampi, 1999 Iraq – Ashur (2003) Jerusalem - Old City of Jerusalem & its walls, 1982 Mali – Timbuktu, 1990 Nepal – Kathmandu Valley (2003) Niger - Air & Ténéré Natural reserves, 1992 Oman - Bahla Fort, 1988 Pakistan - Fort and Shalamar gardens in Lahore, 2000 Peru - Chan Chan Archaeological Zone, 1986 Philippines - Rice Terraces of the Cordilleras, 2001 Senegal - Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary, 2000 Tunisia - Ichkeul National Park, 1996 Uganda - Rwenzori Mountains National Park, 1999 U.S. of America - Everglades National Park, 1993 Yemen - Historic town of Zabid, 2000

22. How is World Heritage funded? UNESCO’s Regular Programme = US$ 4 million World Heritage Fund = US$ 3.5 million (voluntary and mandatory contributions) Extra-budgetary Resources = US$ 5.5 million (Funds-in-Trust and Publications) TOTAL BUDGET for 2004 = US$ 13 million UNESCO does not receive any money from the sites

23. UNESCO supports States Parties through “international assistance”: Preparatory assistance: to prepare tentative lists, nominations of properties, conservation project proposals or management plans; Technical co-operation: to provide expertise and material support for management plans and conservation activities; Training assistance: to support group training activities; Emergency assistance: to enable urgent action to repair damage caused by adverse human activity or natural disasters; Education, information and promotional activities: to raise awareness and develop educational materials. Tools for development

24. Reform and Strategic Reflection The Committee adopted the Budapest Declaration at its 26th session (Budapest, June 2002). It includes the following Strategic Objectives: (a)strengthen the Credibility of the World Heritage List (b)ensure the effective Conservation of World Heritage properties (c)promote the development of effective Capacity-building in States Parties (d)increase public awareness, involvement and support for World Heritage through Communication

25. World Heritage is an expanding galaxy: the number of sites is increasing whereas the number of States Parties is near completion (176 out of 190 Member States) New sources of support are needed

26. Types of support Technical expertise Promotional support Staff secondments Project financing

27. The road ahead Two main lines of action: Mainstreaming World Heritage through development programmes, bi and multi-lateral partnerships Developing partnerships with the corporate sector (such as the Tourism Industry), foundations, NGOs, the media and individuals (such as the tourists) through the World Heritage PaCt

28. Australia (2002): technical expertise and promotional support Belgium (2002): $ 350,000 over 4 years + one expert for 2 years France (1997): technical expertise and mission costs + one expert (part-time) Italy (2001): $ 800,000 per year Japan: support to periodic reporting and promotional activities Netherlands (2001): $ 2.1 million over 4 years Spain (2002): $ 395,000 per year including one expert New Zealand (2003) Norway (1997): $ 500,000 for 2003 UK (2003): staffing, capacity building, mission costs Bilateral agreements

29. Multilateral Partnerships European Space Agency (ESA) Free satellite images, detachment of experts Council of Europe HEREIN project and Culture 2000 World Bank Mauritania: Safeguard and developments of WH cities (US$ 1,245,000) Lebanon: WH cities project under approval GEF and UNDP Biodiversity conservation of Mount Nimba (Guinea) Total funding for project: US$ 460,000 UNDP Cape Verde programme for culture and heritage Total funding for project: US$ 125,000

30. World Heritage Patrimoine Mondial PaCt Goal: To invite private sector and NGOs to join the mission of UNESCO in conserving World Heritage sites Objectives: To raise awareness about World Heritage To mobilise sustainable resources for the long-term conservation of World Heritage

31. Categories of partners Corporate sector (as the Tourism Industry) Non-governmental organisations Foundations Media Individual donors (as the Tourists)

32. Partnerships with Foundations and NGOs The United Nations Foundation (UNF) has committed over US$ 32 million since 1999. Key projects currently include: Biodiversity Conservation in Regions of Armed Conflict – Democratic Republic of the Congo US$ 2.9 million over 4 years (2000-2004) Brazilian World Heritage Biodiversity Programme US$ 4.5 million over 4 years (2002-2006) Partners: CI, WWF, Nature Conservancy Central Africa World Heritage Forest Initiative (CAWHFI) US$ 6.4 million over 4 years (2002-2006) Partners: UNESCO, FAO, CI, WWF, WCS, Jane Goodall Institute Conserving Panama’s Darien National Park US$ 758,000 over 3 years (2001-2004) Partners: UNDP-GEF

33. Linking Conservation of Biodiversity and Sustainable Tourism at WH sites US$ 2.5 million over 4 years (2001-2005) Partners: RARE, Aveda Invasive Species in the Galapagos WH site US$ 4 million over 4 years (1999-2003) Partners: UNESCO, WWF Conservation of endangered tiger and rhinoceros in Nepal US$ 750,000 over three years (2001-2004) Partners: UNDP Future partnerships: UNF-CI pledged US$ 7.5 million each UNF-NGS, UNF-WWF FFI Rapid Response facility

34. Partnerships with the corporate sector and the media Private sector partners include Accor, Rezidor SAS, EF Tours, Jet Tours, Maison de la Chine et de l’Orient, Aveda, Shell, Panasonic. Discussions are underway with Hewlett-Packard, Faber-Castell and Benetton. Media partners include SWR Media, TBS, National Geographic Society, and BBC World. Discussions are underway with Burda, A&E Networks.

35. World Heritage Publications 1.World Heritage Review (English, French and Spanish) (4 issues/year) 2.World Heritage Papers Series (8 issues) 3.World Heritage Newsletter (5 issues/year) 4.World Heritage Map 5.World Heritage Agenda 6.World Heritage Brochure

36. and… 1.Travelling exhibitions on World Heritage 2.Press conferences 3.Production of a World Heritage calendar 4.International Congresses

37. World Heritage Education Activities Five World Heritage Youth Forums since October 2001 “World Heritage in Young Hands” has been translated in more than 20 languages New multimedia educational material currently being developed