1. 01.01Q Using his antennae, the male moth finds female moths by following a trail of airborne chemicals, called pheromones, upwind to the female producing them. This is an example of how living things 1.acquire nutrients. 2.grow. 3.reproduce. 4.respond to stimuli. 5.maintain homeostasis.

2. 01.01A Using his antennae, the male moth finds female moths by following a trail of airborne chemicals, called pheromones, upwind to the female producing them. This is an example of how living things 1.acquire nutrients. 2.grow. 3.reproduce. 4.respond to stimuli. 5.maintain homeostasis.

3. 01.01E Using his antennae, the male moth finds female moths by following a trail of airborne chemicals, called pheromones, upwind to the female producing them. This is an example of how living things Answer: respond to stimuli. Explanation: The moth, like other living things, is responding to a signal it senses in its environment. The ultimate goal may be to reproduce in this example, but the event described is not illustrating reproduction.

4. 01.02Q We use the scientific method every day. Imagine your car doesn't start one morning before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? 1.I'm going to be late. 2.Kick the tires. 3.I'm out of gas. 4.Add a quart of oil.

5. 01.02A We use the scientific method every day. Imagine your car doesn't start one morning before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? 1.I'm going to be late. 2.Kick the tires. 3.I'm out of gas. 4.Add a quart of oil.

6. 01.02E We use the scientific method every day. Imagine your car doesn't start one morning before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? Answer: I’m out of gas. Explanation: A hypothesis is an educated guess about the cause of a “problem.” Your hypothesis for this problem, therefore, would be your reasoning behind why it is happening. The three incorrect choices do not provide an explanation of why the car doesn’t start. They are reactions to the car starting rather than hypotheses about why it isn’t starting.

7. 01.03Q Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. In his experiment, he left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the 1.experimental jar. 2.conclusive jar. 3.control jar. 4.hypothetical jar.

8. 01.03A Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. In his experiment, he left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the 1.experimental jar. 2.conclusive jar. 3.control jar. 4.hypothetical jar.

9. 01.03E Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. In his experiment, he left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the Answer: control jar. Explanation: In an experiment, you must have the control and the experimental component. Therefore, you could narrow down your answer to one of those two choices. The control for an experiment keeps all variables constant (jar 1) while the experimental component alters a certain variable (jar 2). In this case, the air was the variable.

10. 01.04Q A scientist is testing whether a new cancer drug will work on prostate cancer in humans. To properly interpret results of an experiment, control experiments are needed. Which of the following treatments would serve as a control in these experiments, so that the researchers can conclude that the changes that they see in the patients are due to the drug? 1.At least 1000 individuals are treated with the drug. 2.Some patients receive a "mock" injection that contains the same volume and solution base as the drug but does not actually contain the drug itself. 3.Different doses of the drug are administered to patients at different times. 4.Each patient is treated with a different concentration of the drug.

11. 1.At least 1000 individuals are treated with the drug. 2.Some patients receive a "mock" injection that contains the same volume and solution base as the drug but does not actually contain the drug itself. 01.04A A scientist is testing whether a new cancer drug will work on prostate cancer in humans. To properly interpret results of an experiment, control experiments are needed. Which of the following treatments would serve as a control in these experiments, so that the researchers can conclude that the changes that they see in the patients are due to the drug? 3.Different doses of the drug are administered to patients at different times. 4.Each patient is treated with a different concentration of the drug.

12. 01.04E Answer: Some patients receive a "mock" injection that contains the same volume and solution base as the drug but does not actually contain the drug itself. Explanation: The control must be used to compare to the experimental component of the study. One of the variables in this experiment was the solution base that the drug was dissolved in. This control was used to determine that the solution had no effect on the patients; only the drug had an effect. A scientist is testing whether a new cancer drug will work on prostate cancer in humans. To properly interpret results of an experiment, control experiments are needed. Which of the following treatments would serve as a control in these experiments, so that the researchers can conclude that the changes that they see in the patients are due to the drug?

13. 01.05Q Which is NOT an example of evolution? 1.Development of antibiotic- resistant bacteria. 2.Flightless birds on islands without predators. 3.This year's flu is different from last year's flu. 4.A dog learns how to open the cabinet where its food is kept. 5.Most commercial pesticides are effective for 2-3 years.

14. 01.05A Which is NOT an example of evolution? 1.Development of antibiotic- resistant bacteria. 2.Flightless birds on islands without predators. 3.This year's flu is different from last year's flu. 4.A dog learns how to open the cabinet where its food is kept. 5.Most commercial pesticides are effective for 2-3 years.

15. 01.05E Which is NOT an example of evolution? Answer: A dog learns how to open the cabinet where its food is kept. Explanation: Evolution involves changes in a population (not an individual) of living things over time. The beneficial adaptations that occur over time are then passed on to offspring. The 4 incorrect choices hold true to this definition. However, the dog example is a behavioral change, happening to an individual and it will not be passed on to the dog’s offspring. This does not fit the definition of evolution.

16. 01.06Q Natural selection would be best illustrated by which of the following? 1.A bacterial cell in the human body that dies when a person takes antibiotics 2.A bacterial cell in the human body with a genetic variation that allows it to survive when the person takes antibiotics 3.A bacterial cell in the human body that mutates itself when a person takes antibiotics

17. 01.06A Natural selection would be best illustrated by which of the following? 1.A bacterial cell in the human body that dies when a person takes antibiotics 2.A bacterial cell in the human body with a genetic variation that allows it to survive when the person takes antibiotics 3.A bacterial cell in the human body that mutates itself when a person takes antibiotics

18. 01.06E Natural selection would be best illustrated by which of the following? Answer: A bacterial cell in the human body with a genetic variation that allows it to survive when the person takes antibiotics Explanation: Natural selection, in this case, would involve the bacterial cell surviving, or being selected for. The cell in choice two has an adaptation that allows it to survive in the new environment with the antibiotics. It is important to note that natural selection involves survival of organisms with favorable traits, NOT the development of favorable traits in response to something in the environment.

19. 01.07Q You discover a possible life form in outer space and must determine if it is truly a living thing. Which of the following experiments would be best to use to determine if this sample is able to respond to stimuli? 1. Place the organism in a petri dish and measure it every day for 1 week. 2. Place the organism in a petri dish. Cover half of the dish so light can’t reach that half. Shine a light on the dish’s other half. Determine if the organism moves away from or toward the light. 3. Place the organism in a petri dish and see if it produces offspring.

20. 01.07A You discover a possible life form in outer space and must determine if it is truly a living thing. Which of the following experiments would be best to use to determine if this sample is able to respond to stimuli? 1. Place the organism in a petri dish and measure it every day for 1 week. 2. Place the organism in a petri dish. Cover half of the dish so light can’t reach that half. Shine a light on the dish’s other half. Determine if the organism moves away from or toward the light. 3. Place the organism in a petri dish and see if it produces offspring.

21. 01.07E You discover a possible life form in outer space and must determine if it is truly a living thing. Which of the following experiments would be best to use to determine if this sample is able to respond to stimuli? Answer: Place the organism in a petri dish. Cover half of the dish so light can’t reach that half. Shine a light on the dish’s other half. Determine if the organism moves away from or toward the light. Explanation: The other two answer choices are testing whether the organism can grow and reproduce. Only answer two tests a response to stimuli. The stimulus in this case is the light.