1. Gujarat Institute of Technical Studies Name: Pandya Drupad P. Semester: 3 st Sem. Branch: Civil Engineering Enrollment No. : 130620106003 Topic: Maths in Brief Name: Pandya Drupad P. Semester: 3 st Sem. Branch: Civil Engineering Enrollment No. : 130620106003 Topic: Maths in Brief

2. Engineering Communication  Engineers need to be able to communicate thoughts, ideas, and plans to many other specialists in many different fields.  Engineers work in teams with people from different backgrounds.  Therefore, it is necessary to have a variety of communication skills. (VCSU, 2006)  Engineers need to be able to communicate thoughts, ideas, and plans to many other specialists in many different fields.  Engineers work in teams with people from different backgrounds.  Therefore, it is necessary to have a variety of communication skills. (VCSU, 2006)

3. Communication Skills  Interpersonal -  Do you picture the engineer as the nerd in the corner with the pocket protector?  Those days have passed.  Engineering today means teamwork.  The Thomas Edison mythology would not work on problems like the Manhattan Project. (VCSU, 2006)  Interpersonal -  Do you picture the engineer as the nerd in the corner with the pocket protector?  Those days have passed.  Engineering today means teamwork.  The Thomas Edison mythology would not work on problems like the Manhattan Project. (VCSU, 2006)

4. Concurrent Engineering  Concurrent means occurring at the same time.  Concurrent engineering is the process in which all aspects of the design process happen at the same time.  Effective communication is critical.  All aspects of design, manufacturing and support have to be coordinated. (VCSU, 2006)  Concurrent means occurring at the same time.  Concurrent engineering is the process in which all aspects of the design process happen at the same time.  Effective communication is critical.  All aspects of design, manufacturing and support have to be coordinated. (VCSU, 2006)

5. Concurrent Engineering  Development teams are used to complete projects. The team effort:  Reduces development time  Produces a faster time to market which equals increased market share  Increases quality  Increases productivity  Eliminates costly and timely re-designs  Lowers implementation risks  (Berkeley, 1997)  (VCSU, 2006)  Development teams are used to complete projects. The team effort:  Reduces development time  Produces a faster time to market which equals increased market share  Increases quality  Increases productivity  Eliminates costly and timely re-designs  Lowers implementation risks  (Berkeley, 1997)  (VCSU, 2006)

6. Mathematical Expression  Recall from Unit 1 the math requirements for an engineering major.  Math is an important tool that engineers use to determine design solutions.  Math is also a method to express design solutions. (VCSU, 2006)  Recall from Unit 1 the math requirements for an engineering major.  Math is an important tool that engineers use to determine design solutions.  Math is also a method to express design solutions. (VCSU, 2006)

7. Mathematical Expression  A mathematical expression can be written in the form of a statement that can be translated into a formula and then tested.  A simple example:  d = distance, v = velocity, t = time  v=d/t  A train travels 50 miles in 30 minutes. What is the velocity of the train? (VCSU, 2006)  A mathematical expression can be written in the form of a statement that can be translated into a formula and then tested.  A simple example:  d = distance, v = velocity, t = time  v=d/t  A train travels 50 miles in 30 minutes. What is the velocity of the train? (VCSU, 2006)

8. Mathematical Expression  “A picture is worth a thousand words”  Which is easier to interpret? The following table or graph?  “A picture is worth a thousand words”  Which is easier to interpret? The following table or graph? 8:001.031 9:001.032 10:001.086 11:001.043 12:001.041 1:001.030 2:001.089 3:001.042 4:001.028

9. Mathematical Expression

10.  The information is the same in both the table and the chart.  The chart clearly shows that during 10:00 and 2:00 the measurements increase.  This is a replica of a situation in which the machine operator was leaning against his CNC machine during coffee break throwing his machining out of tolerance.  The change in measurements were not associated with the change in time until it was put into chart format.  The information is the same in both the table and the chart.  The chart clearly shows that during 10:00 and 2:00 the measurements increase.  This is a replica of a situation in which the machine operator was leaning against his CNC machine during coffee break throwing his machining out of tolerance.  The change in measurements were not associated with the change in time until it was put into chart format.

11. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  Formerly referred to as drafting or engineering drafting (VCSU, 2006)  (OCIW, 2003)  Formerly referred to as drafting or engineering drafting (VCSU, 2006)  (OCIW, 2003)

12. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  This form of communication has been an area of skill to engineers and architects for hundreds of years. (VCSU, 2006)

13. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  A drafting course would teach students to:  Print clearly and uniformly  Create accurate and uniform dimensions  Make object lines of uniform thickness to make center lines, dimension lines, hidden lines, etc. distinguishable. (VCSU, 2006)  A drafting course would teach students to:  Print clearly and uniformly  Create accurate and uniform dimensions  Make object lines of uniform thickness to make center lines, dimension lines, hidden lines, etc. distinguishable. (VCSU, 2006)

14. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  The next objective was to represent objects with top, front, and side views.  This is called orthographic projection. (VCSU, 2006)  The next objective was to represent objects with top, front, and side views.  This is called orthographic projection. (VCSU, 2006)

15. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  The next step was to teach isometric projection.

16. Perspective Drawing  1 point perspective  2 point perspective  3 point perspective  (Anime-by-Example,1998).  1 point perspective  2 point perspective  3 point perspective  (Anime-by-Example,1998).

17. 2 Point Perspective  (Anime-by-Example,1998).

18. 3 Point Perspective  (Anime-by-Example,1998).

19. 2-Dimensional Drafting & Sketching  Even in 1987, engineering students at NDSU had to take a minimum of 2 quarters of engineering drafting producing drawings like the ones just shown with front, top, side and isometric views.  The drafting course was one of the most challenging and often seen as a test of engineering determination - referred to as the “weed out” class. (VCSU, 2006).  Even in 1987, engineering students at NDSU had to take a minimum of 2 quarters of engineering drafting producing drawings like the ones just shown with front, top, side and isometric views.  The drafting course was one of the most challenging and often seen as a test of engineering determination - referred to as the “weed out” class. (VCSU, 2006).

20. 3 Dimensional Modeling Characteristics  After a model is created virtually, an actual physical model can be made through a computer controlled process called stereolithography.  This uses lasers to “trace” out a part from a liquid polymer. Where the lasers intersect, the polymer hardens and forms the solid part of the model.  Another process that sprays on layers of polymer is called Rapid Deposition Modeling (RDM). (VCSU, 2006).  After a model is created virtually, an actual physical model can be made through a computer controlled process called stereolithography.  This uses lasers to “trace” out a part from a liquid polymer. Where the lasers intersect, the polymer hardens and forms the solid part of the model.  Another process that sprays on layers of polymer is called Rapid Deposition Modeling (RDM). (VCSU, 2006).

21. Activity Sample 1 point perspective  There is 1 point perspective, 2 point, 3 point, multi point, and no point.  1 point perspective has all lines converging on one vanishing point.  There is 1 point perspective, 2 point, 3 point, multi point, and no point.  1 point perspective has all lines converging on one vanishing point.

22. Sources  Anime-by-Example. (1998). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.geocities.com/hamchoba/animex/3d.htm#3-Point%20Perspective http://www.geocities.com/hamchoba/animex/3d.htm#3-Point%20Perspective  Berkeley. (1997). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://best.me.berkeley.edu/~pps/pps/ce_be.html http://best.me.berkeley.edu/~pps/pps/ce_be.html  North Dakota State University. (n.d.). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu  Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. (2003). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.ociw.edu/instrumentation/ccd/imacs/images/SITE_MECH.JPG http://www.ociw.edu/instrumentation/ccd/imacs/images/SITE_MECH.JPG  Valley City State University. (2006). Technology education 660 design for engineering unit 3 reading assignment. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website: http://www.vcsu.eduhttp://www.vcsu.edu  Anime-by-Example. (1998). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.geocities.com/hamchoba/animex/3d.htm#3-Point%20Perspective http://www.geocities.com/hamchoba/animex/3d.htm#3-Point%20Perspective  Berkeley. (1997). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://best.me.berkeley.edu/~pps/pps/ce_be.html http://best.me.berkeley.edu/~pps/pps/ce_be.html  North Dakota State University. (n.d.). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu  Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. (2003). Retrieved June 9, 2006 from the website: http://www.ociw.edu/instrumentation/ccd/imacs/images/SITE_MECH.JPG http://www.ociw.edu/instrumentation/ccd/imacs/images/SITE_MECH.JPG  Valley City State University. (2006). Technology education 660 design for engineering unit 3 reading assignment. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website: http://www.vcsu.eduhttp://www.vcsu.edu

23. Thank you