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JJA Climatology. SEACIONS (2012/2014 Asian Monsoon) BATTREX (June-July, 2014) SOWER (2014) ATTREX (Jun-Jul, 2014) Campaigns Alt:15-20km SEAC4RS (Aug-Sep,

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Presentation on theme: "JJA Climatology. SEACIONS (2012/2014 Asian Monsoon) BATTREX (June-July, 2014) SOWER (2014) ATTREX (Jun-Jul, 2014) Campaigns Alt:15-20km SEAC4RS (Aug-Sep,"— Presentation transcript:

1 JJA Climatology

2 SEACIONS (2012/2014 Asian Monsoon) BATTREX (June-July, 2014) SOWER (2014) ATTREX (Jun-Jul, 2014) Campaigns Alt:15-20km SEAC4RS (Aug-Sep, 2014) TICOSONDE (2004-) SHADOZ (1990s-) Water vapor observation at Boulder, Colorado (1980-)

3 Aircraft Platforms NASA ER-2: Upper Troposphere to Lower Stratosphere  Cruise altitude 18-21 km, range 3000 nmi, endurance 8-10 h  Payload: Emphasis on remote sensing of aerosols and radiation with capability to observe basic chemical tracers NSF/NCAR GV: Mid-to-Upper Troposphere  Ceiling 14 km, range 4000 nmi, endurance 8-10 h  Payload: Emphasis on detailed atmospheric composition and photochemistry for gases and aerosols as well as cloud microphysics NASA DC-8: Surface to Upper Troposphere  Ceiling 12 km, range 4000 nmi, endurance 8-10 h  Payload: Emphasis on detailed atmospheric composition and photochemistry for gases and aerosols, detailed radiation measurements, and remote sensing of ozone and aerosols BRRAA King Air 350: Surface to Upper Troposphere  Ceiling 10 km, range 1700 nmi, endurance 6 h  Payload: Emphasis on in-situ measurements of cloud particle concentration and microphysics as well as aerosol and cloud condensation nucleus concentration and microphysics Presentation by Hal Maring

4 Aircraft Campaigns measuring aerosol, cloud, radiative flux, wind and pressure instrumenttypecampaignlocationwhen aersol Global HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWER Indonesia 2014 Jul cloud Global HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul radiative fluxGlobal HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul temperatureGlobal HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWERS Indonesia 2014 Jul wind Global HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWER Indonesia 2014 Jul sonde baloon BATTREX Manus 2014 Aug-Sep pressure Global HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWER Indonesia 2014 Jul sonde baloon BATTREX Manus 2014 Aug-Sep water vaporGlobal HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWER Indonesia 2014 Jul ozone Global HAWKaircraftATTREX Townsville, Australia(?) 2014 Jun-Jul sonde baloon SOWER Indonesia 2014 Jul From a presentation by L. Pan, indtroduced by K. Rosenlof. Aerosol layer at the tropopause over the Asia.

5 Temperature measured by sondes MeasurementsInstirumentTypeCampaighnLocation Frequenc y /Resolutio nWhen TemperatureSondeBalloonSEAC4RSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSLlhasa, China(29N,92E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSKunming, China (25N,103E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSUtapao, Thailand2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSSouthern, Vietnum2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RS Kuala Lumpur, Maleysia (3N,102E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSWatukosek, Indonesia(8S,113E)2012 Aug.-Sep. TemperatureSondeBalloon SEAC4RS Network Kuala Lumpur, Hanoi with special launches in Thailand, Nepal, southern Vietnam TemperatureSondeBalloonSEACIONSLlhasa, China(29N,92E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBallonSEACIONSBankok, Thailand(13N,100E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSBac-Ueu, vietnum(9N,105E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSKunming, China (25N,103E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONS Kuala Lumpur, Maleysia(3N,102E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSWatukosek, Indonesia(8S,113E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season Ozone (ppmv) 40084008 400 K 350 K 360 K 370 K 380 K 390 K TSL Potential Temperature (K) Ozone/ sd Ozone (ppmv) sd T (°C) Ozone/ sd Ozone (ppmv) N 2 (s -2 ) TSL O3O3 O3O3 sd(T) N2N2 N2N2 sd(O 3 ) sd(T) sd(O 3 ) JJA DJF Fig. from Dr. Selkirk’s slide. Could be use for seasonal comparison with past dataset. From Dr. Pfister’s paper Regular turbulent fluctuation observed over ITCZ

6 Wind measured by sondes MeasurementsInstirumentTypeCampaighnLocation Frequency /Resoluti onWhen WindSondeBalloonSEAC4RSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSLlhasa, China(29N,92E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSKunming, China (25N,103E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSUtapao, Thailand2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSSouthern, Vietnum2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RS Kuala Lumpur, Maleysia (3N,102E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSWatukosek, Indonesia(8S,113E)2012 Aug.-Sep. WindSondeBalloon SEAC4RS Network Kuala Lumpur, Hanoi with special launches in Thailand, Nepal, southern Vietnam WindSondeBalloonSEACIONSLlhasa, China(29N,92E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBallonSEACIONSBankok, Thailand(13N,100E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSBac-Ueu, vietnum(9N,105E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season

7 Pressure measured by sondes MeasurementsInstirumentTypeCampaighnLocation Frequenc y /Resoluti onWhen PressureSondeBalloonSEAC4RSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSLlhasa, China(29N,92E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSKunming, China (25N,103E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E)2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSUtapao, Thailand2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSSouthern, Vietnum2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSKuala Lumpur, Maleysia (3N,102E) 2012 Aug.-Sep. SondeBalloonSEAC4RSWatukosek, Indonesia(8S,113E)2012 Aug.-Sep. PressureSondeBalloon SEAC4RS Network Kuala Lumpur, Hanoi with special launches in Thailand, Nepal, southern Vietnam PressureSondeBalloonSEACIONSLlhasa, China(29N,92E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBallonSEACIONSBankok, Thailand(13N,100E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSHanoi, Vetnum(21N,106E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSBac-Ueu, vietnum(9N,105E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSPokhara, Nepal(28N,84E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSKunming, China (25N,103E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONS Kuala Lumpur, Maleysia(3N,102E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season SondeBalloonSEACIONSWatukosek, Indonesia(8S,113E) 2012 Asian Monsoon Season

8 Ozone measured in campaigns MeasurementInstrumentTypeCampaignLocation/timefrequency/resolution ozone Sondein-situ (ballon)SHADOZvarious stations in tropicssince 1990 ECC (Ticosonde)in-situ(ballon)Ticosonde Costa Rica: Alajuela [10°N, 84.2°W], Heredia [10°N, 84.1°W], San Pedro [9.9°N, 84.0°W] currently??, weekly coordinate with SHADOZ in future Sondein-situ(ballon)SEACIONS Southeast Asia (summer 2012?) UAS ozone (R. GAO)in-situ (aircraft)SEAC4RSSingapore (Aug-Sep, 2013) Absorption, ~1 ppb (ozone), 1 sec NOAA ozone (R.GAO) in-situ (aircraft)ATTREX Townsville, Australia, (Jun- Jul 2014) UCATS( J. Elkins) O3 electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) in-situ (balloon)BATTREX Manus Island(2S, 147E) Papua New Guinea, (jul-jul, 2014) Balloonsonde Program. Flights planned every other day. ozone: ECCin-siti (balloon)SOWER Tarawa, Biak, Kototabang, Hanoi, (Jul 2014) Balloonsonde Program, trajactory TE49Cin-situ (aircraft)CAST (aircraft) Darwin (or alternate), Jun- Jul 2014 1 minute integration time, 1ppb, detection limit (dl) FTS, Ozonesondes (ECC), UV-diode ozone spectrometer sondes (Kalnajs and Avallone, 2010) ground-stationStratoClim probably Palau (close to center of warm pool), 2014- 2017 ? in-situ/remote, Aircraft StratoClim Thailand, Boreal summer: Asian monsoon (AM), 2014- 2017

9 Chemical tracers MeasurementInstrumentTypeCampaingLocation Frequency/Res olution aerosols&ozone pollution sources (CO, NOx, VOC) Multiwavelength COTDL-spectroscopyIn situ (air craft)SEAC4Rs based at Singapore 1sec CH4 TDL- spectroscopy/CRD S In situ (air craft)SEAC4Rs based at Singapore 1sec/3s ec N2OTDL-spectroscopyIn situ (air craft)SEAC4Rs based at Singapore 1sec CO2CRDSIn situ (air craft)SEAC4Rsbased at Singapore Trace gases VOC OVOC CFC Aerosol/cloud backscatter, depolariation profiles ATTREX aerosol/cloud backscatter CO2, CO, CH4, BrO, NO2, OClO, IOIn situ (air craft)SEARC4RsAustralia Aura/MLSVertical ProfileEvery single dayobservation from 2004 -- present H2O, O3, CH4, Temperature, Aura/HIRDLSVertical ProfileEvery single dayobservation is stopped H2O, O3, Temperature AIRSVertical ProfileEvery single day H2O, O3, Temperature PREMIRE

10 Moisture measured in campaigns MeasurementInstrumentTypeCampaignLocation/timefrequency/resolution moisture (water vapor, relative hemudity) Balloon-borne NOAA Frost Point Hygrometer (FPH) in-situBoulder, CO (from 1980)once per month CFH (Ticosonde)in-situ(balloon)Ticosonde Costa Rica: Alajuela [10°N, 84.2°W], Heredia [10°N, 84.1°W], San Pedro [9.9°N, 84.0°W] RRS,Vaisala RS92 radiosonde, GPS-antena in-situ(balloon), remote National Weather Service Pacific Region (PR) 1 second data capture (RS92 radiosonde) Anderson (Harvard) HHH, water vapor in-situ (aircraft)SEAC4RSSingapore (Aug-Sep, 2013) Fluorescence, TDL- spectroscopy, <1 ppm, 1 sec Herman (JPL) JLH,water vapor in-situ (aircraft)SEAC4RSSingapore (Aug-Sep, 2013) TDL-spectroscopy, <1 ppm, 20 Hz Gao (NOAA),water vaporin-situ (aircraft)SEAC4RSSingapore (Aug-Sep, 2013) Absorption, ~1 ppb (ozone), 1 sec NOAA TDL water vapor (vapor and total) in-situ (aircraft)ATTREXTownsville, Australia(?), (Jun-Jul 2014) DLH (Diode Laser Hygrometer) In-sita(aircraft)ATTREXTownsville, Australia(?), (Jun-Jul 2014) Radio sonde BATTREX Manus Island(2S, 147E) Papua New Guinea, (Jun-Jul, 2014) 4days @ 4x; 30 days @ 8 x Biak Water: CFH/FLASH/FineDew; Hanoi Water: CFH in-situSOWERTarawa, Biak, Kototabang, Hanoi, (Jul 2014) General Eastern, 1011 & Buck CR2 CAST (aircraft) Darwin (or alternate), Jun-Jul 2014 Aerodyne QCLAS FTS ground-stationStratoClim probably Palau (close to center of warm pool), 2014-2017 ? in-situ/remote, Aircraft StratoClim Thailand, Boreal summer: Asian monsoon (AM), 2014-2017

11 Key Science Questions (JJA) Asian summer monsoon anticyclone – How are WV, trace gases, aerosols transported from the troposphere to the stratosphere? Role of overshooting vs. large-scale upwelling – StratoClim (Thailand), ATTREX (Global Hawk, Australia, 2014), SEAC4RS (cloud, chemical tracers, regional/global air quality; SEACIONS (O 3 ) Waves (multi-scale, including turbulence and breaking) – Can we quantify the mixing associated with greater (large-scale) wave-breaking in JJA? – BATTREX (gravity wave, turbulence; subtropical mixing, global scale model analysis); ATTREX (slow large-scale ascent, wave); TTL cirrus – How can we better visualize their presence and radiative impact? – ATTREX (cirrus); SOWER (lidar, aerosol, WV,), BATREX, CAST(aircraft) Supersaturation – What factors contribute to the frequency and formation of supersaturated layers? – ATTREX(cloud; wv); SOWERS (dehydration); TICOSODNE(WV); BATTREX

12 CAMPAIGNComments SEAC4RS (Aug-Sep, 2013)TTL, Asian monsoon (ER-2) ATTREX (Jun-Jul, 2014)moisture, temperature, wind, pressure, Chemical tracers, cloud (Global Hawk) BATTREX (Jun-Jul, 2014)Focusing on waves, turbulence; complementary to ATTREX with high resolution balloon measurement. CAST (aircraft) (Jun-Jul, 2014)Coordinate with ATTREX. Measures black carbon. TICOSONDE (2004 -)High resolution ozone, q, SO 2 observations. StratoClim (2014-2017)Many observation, TTL, STE, air quality, climate SHADOZ(1990-)Long record of high resolution ozone obs. Useful for fine structure and trend studies. Boulder waver vapor (1980-)Long record but only once per month, useful for trend and transport from tropics to mid- latitude.

13 Open issues Radiative budget of cirrus (measurements). Data hub (data, and data quality documents).

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