1. DAY 8: EXCEL CHAPTER 7-11 ROHIT rohit.rohit@mail.wvu.edu rohit.rohit@mail.wvu.edu February 8, 2016 1

2. REMINDER Homework 2 is Due on 12 th February MYITLab Lesson A still not completed by all. Homework 1 only 60% submissions Don’t Submit Twice Read Instructions Carefully 2

3. PIVOT TABLES Insert->PivotTable Ensure the range is correct Select target location (new worksheet or existing worksheet) 3

4. UPDATING PIVOT TABLES PivotTables do not automatically update if you change the source data You can force a refresh via PivotTable Tools->Options->Refresh 4

5. PIVOT TABLE OPTIONS Sorting –Click a cell in the column you would like to sort by, then PivotTable Tools->Options->Sort Filters –Report Filters: drag the field to the “Report Filter” area, select desired values in B1 –Group Filters: Select dropdown arrow on row or column labels, select desired values 5

6. PIVOT TABLE FORMATTING PivotTable Tools->Design Layouts –Subtotals –Grand Totals –Compact/Outline/Tabular Styles 6

7. PIVOT CHARTS A PivotChart is a graphical representation of the PivotTable To create a PivotChart, click within the PivotTable then PivotTable Tools- >Options->PivotChart Same chart types as usual Chart adjusts to match the PivotTable 7

8. EDITING PIVOT CHARTS PivotChart Tools->Design –Allows you to choose a chart style and change chart type PivotChart Tools->Layout –Allows you to change layout options PivotChart Tools->Format PivotChart Tools->Analyze 8

9. SLICERS Slicers provide quick buttons to filter the PivotTable PivotTable Tools->Options->Insert Slicer Select field you want buttons for 9

10. CALCULATED FIELDS A calculated field is not found in the original data set PivotTable Tools->Options->Fields, Items, & Sets->Calculated Field 10

11. SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) –range specifies the range of cells you want to check against the criteria –criteria specifies the condition you want to match –sum_range specifies the range to sum that contains the data to sum AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, average_range) COUNTIF(range, criteria) 11

12. MULTIPLE CRITERION SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2,…)SUMIFS AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, …) COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, …) 12

13. RELATIVE STANDING Rank –RANK.EQ: shared rank for ties –RANK.AVG: average rank for ties PercentRank –PERCENTRANK.INC: includes 0 and 1 –PERCENTRANK.EXC: excludes 0 and 1 Quartile –QUARTILE.INC: includes top and bottom values –QUARTILE.EXC: excludes top and bottom values Percentile –PERCENTILE.INC: includes the 0 th and 100 th percentiles –PERCENTILE.EXC: excludes the 0 th and 100 th percentiles 13

14. RELATIVE STANDING Rank –RANK.EQ: shared rank for ties –RANK.AVG: average rank for ties PercentRank –PERCENTRANK.INC: includes 0 and 1 –PERCENTRANK.EXC: excludes 0 and 1 Quartile –QUARTILE.INC: includes top and bottom values –QUARTILE.EXC: excludes top and bottom values Percentile –PERCENTILE.INC: includes the 0 th and 100 th percentiles –PERCENTILE.EXC: excludes the 0 th and 100 th percentiles 14

15. NESTED IF IF functions can be nested For example: –A store gives its employees commission based on sales –For sales <= $1000, they earn 5% –For sales > $1000 and <= $5000, they earn 7.5% –For sales > $5000, they earn 10% –IF(sales <= 1000, sales*0.05, IF(sales <= 5000, sales*0.075, sales*0.10)) 15

16. LOGICAL FUNCTIONS Logical functions accept True and False values AND(logical1, logical2) –Returns True if logical1 AND logical2 are both True, False otherwise OR(logical1, logical2) –Returns True if either logical1 OR logical2 is True, False otherwise NOT(logical) –Returns the opposite of logical. True -> False, False->True 16

17. MATCH MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]) –Looks up the position of lookup_value in lookup_array –match_type: 1 finds the largest value = lookup_value from an array in descending order; 0 finds an exact match for lookup_value 17

18. INDEX INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num]) –Returns the value in array in the row specified by row_num –If the array range has multiple columns, you can specify which column you want to index by specifying the column_num argument 18

19. MATCH/INDEX EXAMPLE We have sales per city for a company We would like to know –What are the lowest sales numbers for any city? –What is the city of lowest sales? Do calculate this we will also calculate –What is the position of the city with the lowest sales in our list? 19

20. NESTING FUNCTIONS GRAPHICALLY Open the dialog for your outermost function Click the argument box where the nested function is needed Click the Name Box arrow to select the function you need Enter the arguments for the nested function Click the name of the outer function in the formula bar to return to the outer function’s dialog box 20

21. ADVANCED FILTERING Create a Criterion Range –Copy the labels from the table and add conditions for any fields you want to restrict –Multiple rows of conditions will create an OR filter Data->Sort & Filter->Advanced –Filter in-place or Copy –Select data range –Select criterion range –Select location if copying 21

22. DSUM, DAVERAGE, DMAX, DMIN, DCOUNT DSUM(data_range, field_name, criteria_range) Same arguments for the other functions –data_range specifies the table we want to aggregate data from –field_name specifies the label above the column we would like to aggergate –criteria_range specifies the range with your criteria (like advanced filtering) 22

23. FINANCIAL FUNCTIONS IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv) –Calculates the interest for a specific payment period PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv) –Calculates the principal repayment for a specific payment period CUMIPMT(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) –Calculates the cumulative interest paid CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) –Calculates the cumulative principal repaid 23

24. PV AND FV PV(rate, nper, pmt) –Calculates the present value of future payments FV(rate, nper, pmt) –Calculates the future value of an investment 24

25. HYPERLINKS Insert->Links->Hyperlink –Inserts a link to a: File/Document Web site Email address 25

26. TEMPLATES File->New-> –Recent Templates –Sample Templates –My Templates –Office.com Templates 26

27. CELL STYLES Home->Styles->Cell Styles –Existing Styles –New Styles 27

28. WHAT-IF ANALYSIS What-If Analysis is a process of experimenting with different variables and assumptions to observe how they affect the results of the situation –We will see examples of one-variable analysis and two-variable analysis 28

29. ONE VARIABLE ANALYSIS The variable you will be investigating will be tried for several different substitution values. –For example, changing the interest rate on a loan –Calculate the desired value for each possible substitution value 29

30. SERIES Home->Editing->Fill->Series –Creates series of values you can use as substitution values Step value: distance between values Stop value: where you want the series to stop 30

31. WHAT-IF TOOL Data->Data Tools->What-If Analysis->Data Table –Select the reference for the cell you want to replace If your series is in rows, use ‘Row input cell’ If your series in in columns, use ‘Column input cell’ –Click Ok to complete the table 31

32. TWO VARIABLE WHAT-IF Similar to one variable One variable goes in the first column, the other in the top row Can only calculate results for one formula (In one variable analysis you can do any number of formulas. We did individual payments and cumulative payments.) 32

33. TWO VARIABLE WHAT-IF EXAMPLE Setup your variables in the first column and top row Add a formula in the empty cell in the variable row and column Use the What-If Data Table tool, specifying both the row and column input cells –Data->Data Tools->What-If Analysis->Data Table 33

34. GOAL SEEK Goal seek allows you to alter one variable to obtain the desired result of a single equation Data->Data Tools->What-If Analysis->Goal Seek Example: –You want to buy a car for $15,000. You are able to obtain a 5 year loan at 6% APR. You would like your monthly payment to be $200. How large of a down payment must you make? 34

35. SCENARIO MANAGER Scenario Manager is a what-if analysis tool that allows you to define up to 32 scenarios to compare their effects on calculated results Data->Data Tools->What-If Analysis- >Scenario Manager Example: Profit calculations for a business based on units sold, production cost per unit, shipping cost per unit 35

36. ADDING SCENARIOS Data->Data Tools->What-If Analysis- >Scenario Manager Add… –Scenario name –Changing cells –Set values for each cell Example: –Best Case: 75,000 units, $38/unit production cost, $0.30/unit shipping cost –Likely Case: 50,000, $42.95, $0.5 –Worst Case: 25,000, $48, $0.75 36

37. WORKING WITH SCENARIOS Delete Edit Show Summary –Regular summary –PivotTable summary 37

38. SOLVER Solver is similar to goal seek, but it allows multiple input values to change Solver is an Add-In, so it must be loaded before you can use it –File->Options->Add-Ins->Manage: Excel Add- Ins-> Go… –Check “Solver Add-in”-> OK 38

39. SOLVER EXAMPLE Maximize profits for cabinet door manufacture by selecting how many of each door type to produce Changing Variables (green) Objective (blue) Constraints (red) 39

40. EXAMPLE CONTINUED Data->Analysis->Solver Specify Objective –Max, min, or specific value Specify cells to vary Specify constraints –Single cells or ranges –Include non-negativity constraints 40

41. SOLVING Chose a solving method: –GRG Nonlinear: guaranteed local optimal –Simplex LP: guaranteed global optimal, must be linear –Evolutionary: good solutions for non smooth functions Solve 41