1. Tuesday, April 19, 2016 ESL Level 3 Week 9

2. Announcements We will work in the computer lab until 8:00 Tomorrow Reading Quiz Thursday Grammar Quiz (Units 13-16) Next Thursday- EL Civics Job Application, Resume, and Job Interview

3. Agenda Resume writing until 8PM (if you finish, I will check it, then I will have you print your resume. Once you are finished printing your resume, I will ask that you help your classmates.) Unit 15 review Reading (Vocabulary guess) Unit 16

4. Grammar Review Unit 15 review, pp. 213

5. Unit 16 Vocabulary log Avoid (v)translation To stay away from I avoid eating donuts Someone or somethingat work. Behavior (n)translation The way someone actsThe child’s behavior With other people.Was so bad that the mom didn’t know what to do.

6. Unit 16 Vocabulary log Communication(n)translation Sending and receiving I have many methods messages, speech, of communication, but and writingI prefer text messaging.

7. Unit 16 Vocabulary log Identity (n)translation Who someone is; the They showed their Name of a personpassports as proof of their identity.

8. Unit 16 Vocabulary log Normal (adj)translation Average, regular orWe had a normal class Usualtoday. Protect (v)translation Keep safe from dangerMy sunglasses protect my eyes from the sun.

10. Unit 16 You should learn the rules of baseball. Should I wear a sweater? You shouldn’t that there is no class tomorrow. When should we go to the movies? How do you give advice with should Should + base form Does should change when the pronoun changes? (No, should stays the same for all pronouns because it is a modal). How do you form the negative of should? (shouldn’t/ should not + base form

11. How do you form yes/ no questions? (should + subject + base forms) How do you form wh- questions? wh+ should+ subject + base forms Christopher, can you give two short answers to yes/ no questions? Yes, they should/ no they shouldn’t.

12. Ought to You ought to visit the LLC. How do you give advice with ought to? Ought to + base verb Does ought to change when the pronoun changes? No, because it is a modal. Negative statements and questions with ought to are not common.

13. Had better You had better learn the rules. You’d better do your homework. You’d better not be late to class. What does the ‘d stand for? (had) How do you give advice with had better? Had better + base form of verb How do you form the negative of had better? Had better + not + base form Had better is not a modal, so the form doesn’t change. Had better is contracted in speech Questions with had better are not common

14. Note 1 It’s a good idea. Should is more Common than Ought to. Ought to is not used in the negative (use Shouldn’t instead). To soften advice, we often use maybe, perhaps, or I think.

15. Note 1 Board (+) You should remember the rules.= You ought to remember the rules. ( - ) You shouldn’t forget the rules. Ought to is not common in American English, but it is used in British English.

16. Note 1 (board) Maybe youshouldbe more polite. Perhapsought to I think When we give advice, we often use maybe, perhaps, or I think to sound gentler.

17. Note 2 Had better= strong advice When you believe that something bad will happen if the person doesn’t follow the advice. You’d better do your homework, or you won’t get points. You’d better write your teacher an email about your absence or she will think you don’t like her.

18. Had better is the full form. We usually use the contraction. He had better They had better The negative of had better is had better not. Notice the word order.

19. Note 2- Be careful! Had better always refers to the present, or the future, but not the past.

20. Note 3 Use should for questions. (NOT ought to or had better) When should I give you the test? You can use should, for short answers, but we often use other expressions. Board Should I tell you my opinion? Yes, you should. Should I eat ice cream? Why not? Good idea. Should I tell you my password. No, you shouldn’t.

21. Note 4 Oughta is short for ought to and is very informal. We also say better instead of had better in informal speaking or writing. Text message to a friend. You oughta come. You better not go.

22. Exercise 2, pp. 219 Exercise 4, pp. 221 Exercise 5, pp.222 Exercise 6, pp. 223 Exercise 10, pp. 225