2. Survival Mindset & Courses of Action

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6. 5  Active Shooter executes a random or systematic shooting spree  The objective is mass murder rather than other criminal intent  Difficult time for many people in these tough times

7. 6  Fantasy stage  Planning stage  Preparation stage  Approach stage  Implementation

8. 7  Howlers make overt threats, draw attention, frighten others intentionally  Hunters develop a hidden plan, acquire the tools to harm others, work in stealth, and attack with little or no warn ing  Organizations are often responsive to a howler and either unaware or overly- rationalizing for a hunter  Calhoun and Weston’s theory “Howlers don’t hunt and Hunters don’t howl. When Howlers start to hunt, they are no longer Howlers.”

9. 8  Views the attack as attempting to correct a perceived wrong  Usually has a “hit” list and will search victims out  The Shooter often takes out targets of opportunity on the way

10. 9  Not concerned with dying so has nothing to lose  Moves throughout a building or area until either  Stopped by police  Commits suicide  Self  Suicide by cop  Stopped by others

11. 10  Escape route plan Locations of exits Possible pathways to exit Meeting place  Perform drills as part of training.  Emergency lighting  Fire extinguishers

12. 11  Evolve quickly  Shooters are unpredictable  Law Enforcement has historically been required to stop them  Arrival of police and EMS on the scene is not immediate  Be prepared mentally and physically to deal with the situation until help arrives

13. 12  Try Not To Freak Out  How To Calm Down Deep breaths How would your hero handle it?  Staying Calm Helps Think more clearly Victims remain calm The situation requires a leader  Prioritize Allocate tasks Need more than just you?

14. 13  Call 911 for outside help If you can safely do so Leave line open if cannot talk  Alert others onsite with: intercom, phone, page, or the code

15. 14  Be quiet and remain calm. Silence your cell phone Take several deep breaths and review what to do  Make the decision to hide or escape  Then assess if you can help others while hiding or escaping

16. 15  Shooter will not stop until objectives are met or is engaged by police  Is escape best option? Where is the shooter? Multiple shooters? Can you get out immediately undetected? Advise police of shooter or plain clothes police

17. 16  Evacuate area using designated exit path Hug the wall Check around corners first Whether or not others agree to follow Leave all your belongings Only jump out a 1 st or 2 nd floor window  Help others escape  Alert others you come across

18. 17  Keep yourself safe Move to secure area Lock door/barricade it Hide Behind large furniture In a large wall vent In the bathroom  Turn off sources of noise  Close the blinds  EMS will tell you not to intervene  Question someone asking for entry

19. 18  You are part of a team  Assist others in need  Help others escape with you  Escape yourself even if they are too afraid to try

20. 19  You have two choices if shooter is at close range: fight or comply  We do not know how you will or should respond  How you respond will be based on: The actual situation and what is possible, How many of you/they there are Your personality/background Victim camaraderie Feelings of moral responsibility  It is your choice but keep in mind it will take time for police to arrive, assemble, and enter  Your life is on the line

21. 20  Do what the shooter says  Keep your hands where they can be seen  No sudden movements to draw attention or alarm Active Shooter  Avoid eye contact unless you are being addressed  Be quiet and remember your life may depend on being calm

22. 21  Chance of survival may be greater if you incapacitate the shooter but consider:  How many shooters are there?  How many of you are there?  How many of you will commit to an attack?  What objects do you have available to disable the person?  Do any of you have military training or experience handling firearms?  Does the group have a plan?  Are your odds good?

23. 22  Never attempt to wrestle a gun away from someone pointing it at you  The closer you are to the shooter the better the chances of overcoming them  Chance of survival is greater when you  Are behind or out of vision of shooter  Incapacitate the shooter  Improvise a weapon Throw heavy, blunt or sharp object Hit shooter with something heavy Use cart to shove them down or door open Jump on them Stab them with letter opener, or scissors

24. 23  Use the code if you know victims or try to preplan during  Opportunity may be obvious to incapacitate and overcome Active Shooter  Go for the gun if you are not in the line of fire  Try to knock them down & then Try to get on them Go for hands, eyes, personals  You must COMMIT 100%

25. 24  The phone may not ring right away.  Most important piece of information  Call back number  Dispatch does not go to the scene.

26. 25  Landline Name Address Location address  Wireless Phone number Cell phone carrier Location of caller

27. 26  Job is to preserve life and facilitate safety  Multiple callers  Each caller is a new witness  May disconnect you due to call volume  Will ask you the big 6: (Where/What/When/ Who/How/Why)

28. 27  Location within a location Office number, room, building  Hazards for those present and for responders Sounds (gun shots/explosions) Screams Injured Other dangers in/around location  Safest approach

29. 28  What is occurring?  Are you hearing it or seeing it? First hand knowledge Just hearing chaos  Is it just starting, in progress or over  Information may save lives/minimize causalities What you ADD is helpful Avoid repeating

30. 29  Who is involved? Number of suspects Still present Know or recognize the AS  Describe what they look like Physical features Clothing body armor  Weapons / explosives  Why is this happening?

31. 30  Dispatch will ask about the shooter before asking for information regarding those injured How many are injured? Types of injuries?  Dispatch can provide steps for treatment

32. 31  If you cannot speak to 911 dispatcher, just leave the line open for the dispatcher to listen in.  They are trained to do this

33. 32 Part FOUR: Law Enforcement

34. 33  Suspect(s) Actions Location Description Weapons  Victim injuries and location  Designate site representative to give officers intelligence

35. 34  Average response time for police to high priority calls in your area  Safest place to stay is inside secure room  The shooter will probably not flee when police arrive  The shooters goal is to kill and injure, not negotiate or flee

36. 35  Most likely by a variety of officers Identified in some way generally. Could be officer already on site  Active Shooter response is different 5 qualified officers enter immediately as a group Armed with a variety of weapons Won’t be aiding victims  Designate a site representative

37. 36  If you are locked in a secure room, stay there  Police will be shouting commands Everyone is a suspect May force people to ground Listen and follow instructions  Do not approach, stop or speak to or hold onto officer(s)  Avoid screaming or yelling  Point in direction of shooter

38. 37  Hands Immediately raise hands Keep your hands visible Drop anything in your hands  Do not move injured victims  Officers attempting to apprehend the shooter will not stop to help injured victims

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40. 39  Fire/EMS personnel will respond when dispatched  Entry by medics will be delayed until police are in control of area and shooter is disarmed  Be prepared to do trauma care until they enter

41. Four Phases of Emergency (Crisis) Management:  Mitigation/Prevention addresses what your workplace can do to reduce or eliminate risk to life and property.  Preparedness focuses on the process of planning for the worst-case scenario.  Response is devoted to the steps to take during a crisis.  Recovery deals with how to restore the learning and teaching environment after a crisis.

43.  Shootings can occur anytime, anywhere, to anyone  Unlike any situation ever experienced  Bottom Line: You need to take direct responsibility for your personal safety and security  Survival Mindset is a protective shield  Comprised of three components: Awareness, Preparation, and Rehearsal

44. Survival Mindset Components  Awareness Gain a basic understanding of situation Be aware of your environment and any possible dangers Take note of the two nearest exits in any facility you visit Predetermined mindset will help you take rapid, effective actions

45. Survival Mindset Components (Cont.)  Preparation Looking at your workplace environment through the lens of survival “What if” questions are critical in developing effective response strategies Survivors prepare themselves both mentally and emotionally to do whatever it takes to survive  Rehearsal Mentally or physically practicing your plan Will reduce response time and build confidence A survival inoculation

46.  Life-Threatening Risk: Any action taken, or not taken, during an active- shooter incident may involve life-threatening risk  Survival Mindset: Will provide a strong foundation upon which to base decisions and actions

47.  Figure Out  How are you going to survive?  Will you get out (Run)? (Is there a path of escape?)  Will you hide out? Is there a chance to get to where the shooter may not find you?  Is your only option to take out (fight) the shooter? Last resort!

48.  Survival Mindset  Enables you to act quickly and effectively  Mindful, not fearful  Airline safety briefing  Better able to make that first, critical decision  Continuous Assessment Process  Allows you to take appropriate survival action  Use all senses  Trust your intuition—that “gut” feeling (knowing without knowing why)

49. Interacting with Law Enforcement Responders  DO NOT expect officers to assist you as you get out  Primary job is to locate the shooter and neutralize the threat  Medical assistance will follow once the threat is neutralized  Law Enforcement must assume everyone is a threat to their safety  Be prepared to:  have weapons pointed in your direction  be subject to search  be handcuffed  Be questioned

50. Interacting with Law Enforcement Responders  When Law Enforcement officers enter the room, do not present a threat to them  DO NOT:  Point at them or the shooter  Make quick movements  Run towards them or attempt to hug them  Scream or yell  Have anything in your hands; officers are taught that “hands kill”

51. Interacting with Law Enforcement Responders  DO:  Raise your arms  Spread your fingers  Show hands as you drop to the floor  Spread arms and legs

52.  If suspicious or uncomfortable, report your observations and feelings: “See Something, Say Something”  Violence and threats of violence  Often result from frustration and a communication breakdown  Individuals can make a difference  Listen to “troubled” individual  People want to be heard and understood  A safe campus is everyone’s responsibility

53.  See Something, Say Something: Tell a supervisor: Use the “Parish Threat Response Procedure” for all threats (Call 911!)  Recognizing the sound of gunshots  Reacting quickly when gunshots are heard or when a shooting is witnessed: Run Hide Fight (Take Action) Call 911 Reacting when Law Enforcement arrives Adopting the survival mindset during times of crisis

54.  DHS Course, Active Shooter, What You Can Do, Response to an Active Shooter Training (Online)  http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/IS907.asp

55. Questions?