1. Skeletal Scattergories
Get a dry erase board
Working as a team list as many bones in the human body that you can think of
Discuss quietly!

2. Pelvis
Kneecap
Tibia
Heel bones
Femur
Humerus
Mandible
Ulna
Ribs/ribcage
Hammer
Teeth
Anvil
Spine/vertebrae
Radius
Collar bone/clavicle
Shoulder
Tailbone
Skull
Phalanges
Fibula
Sternum

3. The Skeletal System Label these major bones in the skeletal system

4. The Skeletal System Notes
Chapter 15

5. FIVE JOBS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
Provides shape and support
Enables you to move
Produces blood cells
Stores minerals for nerves & muscles use
Protects internal organs

6. BONE STRUCTURE Let’s read together on page 473
Why do we need spongy bone?
What are the two types of marrow and what do they do?

7. BONE STRUCTURE Why do we need spongy bone?
Spongy bone provides most of the strength and support for a bone because it is able to absorb shock easily.
What are the two types of marrow, what do they do?
Red marrow produces both red and white blood cells.
Yellow marrow stores fat.
The periosteum is a membrane that covers the outside of the bone. It contains blood vessels and nerves that bring blood and nutrients to the bone.

8. BONE GROWTH Read about bone growth & answer the questions…
What is cartilage?
What happens to cartilage as you grow?
Why do you think it is necessary for a baby to be mostly cartilage?

9. BONE GROWTH What is cartilage? Cartilage is a flexible tissue.
What happens to cartilage as you grow? Cartilage is replaced by bone throughout your life. Cartilage allows for growth plates to develop. Some cartilage is never replaced by bone.
Why do you think it is necessary for a baby to be mostly cartilage? The baby’s bones would break during childbirth and the cartilage growth plate allows the baby to grow throughout its lifetime.

10. FUN FACT! There is no such thing as a “funny bone”
The ulnar nerve passes very close to the skin at your elbow joint. When this nerve is bumped, it sends a strong sensation through your nervous system

11. JOINTS
Joint = a place where bones come together allowing the body to move in different ways
On your skeleton, highlight where you think you’d find movable joints

12. JOINTS

13. 4 TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS
Ball and Socket = allow greatest range of motion- circular
Hinge = extensive backward and forward motion
Pivot = one bone can rotate around another
Gliding = one bone can slide over another

14. Let’s Use Our Joints Turn your head from side to side. Pivot
Move your wrist like you’re turning a doorknob
Gliding
Move your arm in large circle.
Ball and socket
Straighten, then bend your knee.
Hinge

15. LOOK AT YOUR JOINTS Use the information to fill out your Joint Table
Ball and Socket Hinge Pivot Gliding
(hip) (elbow) (neck) (spine)
Cut out the pictures
Glue them to the table

16. THE STRUCTURE OF JOINTS
Joints are under a great deal of stress.
Joints are held together by ligaments, if they are stretched too far or torn it is called a sprain.
Joints and bones are also cushioned by cartilage.
Arthritis is a disease that causes joints to stiffen or swell.

17. KEEPING BONES HEALTHY
Eat a well balanced diet with lots of calcium and phosphorous to keep bones strong
Exercise helps bones grow stronger and denser
Running
Dancing
Jumping jacks
Aerobics
Any exercise where your bones absorb the weight of your body. This prompts the cells to make new bone cells
Do this and avoid osteoporosis later in life (bones getting weak and break easily)

18. How much calcium are you getting?
Students aged 9-18 need approx. 1300mg/day
Foods with Good Sources of Calcium:
8 oz yogurt 415 mg
1.5 oz cheddar 306 mg
8oz nonfat milk 302 mg
Tofu mg
1/4c almonds 94 mg
1 cup cooked greens mg
Calcium levels can be decreased due to high sodium levels!