1. Animal & Plant Cells LO: To be able to prepare slides for viewing under the light microscope Can label plant and animal cell structures and describe their functions To be able to work out the size of a cell accurately using using correct the units of measurement

2. A cell can be defined as the ”building block of life".

3. How to prepare & view cells Practical: Prepare a slide of your cheek cell. Swipe a cotton bud on the inside of your cheek and smear onto a slide Add a drop of methylene blue. Carefully lower the cover slip. Put a cotton bud in disinfectant. Draw and label your diagram in pencil. Can you label the parts?

4. What do you already know about plant and animal cells? ① At the back of your book – in pencil - sketch an animal cell and a plant cell and label the parts then compare with your working partner ② What parts are the same and different & why? ③ Peer assess – check it – mark out of 6 - deduct a mark for any incorrect spellings - merit point for 6/6 - merit point for 6/6 6/6

5. Animal & Plant Cell Diagram http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/aqaaddsci_06.gif http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/aqaaddsci_06.gif http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/aqaaddsci_06.gif Examiners tip: Check your spelling!

6. Build on what you already know – additional plant features Examiners tip: make sure you can identify ribosomes and mitochondria

7. Other animal cell features Examiners tip: make sure you can label ribosomes and mitochondria on a cell diagram

8. Build a glossary of the cell parts and functions Click on the link to find out more about each cell part of a plant – then try the game and quiz http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/plan t_cell_tutorial.htm http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/plan t_cell_tutorial.htm Animal cell tutorial, game and quiz http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/cell_ tutorial.htm http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/cell/cell_ tutorial.htm Or Use a textbook to build your own glossary Why do you think a cell has so many mitochondria?

9. Summary – complete the keywords Plant & Animal Cell part function Controls the activities in the cell. Contains DNA/genes/chromosomes which carry instructions for making new cells Liquid gel in which cell reactions take place Lipid membrane which controls what enters and leaves the cell Many are found in the cytoplasm as a site where oxygen is used and energy released during respiration Where protein synthesis takes place

10. Answers Plant & Animal Cell part function nucleusControls the activities in the cell. Contains DNA/genes/chromosomes which carry instructions for making new cells cytoplasmLiquid gel in which cell reactions take place Cell membraneLipid membrane which controls what enters and leaves the cell mitochondriaMany are found in the cytoplasm as a site where oxygen is used and energy released during respiration ribosomesWhere protein synthesis takes place

11. Summary for plant & algae Plant and Algae Cell parts function Made of cellulose that strengthens and gives the cell support Found in the green parts of the plant. Contain chlorophyll which absorb light energy to make food by photosynthesis Lipid membrane which controls what enters and leaves the cell Space filled with cell sap which exerts pressure on the cell wall to keep it rigid and support the plant Plant cells have all the features of an animal cell but also extra features. Algae are simple aquatic organisms that make their own food by and have many similar features to plant cells as outlined below:

12. Answers Plant and Algae Cell parts function Cell wallMade of cellulose that strengthens and gives the cell support ChloroplastsFound in the green parts of the plant. Contain chlorophyll which absorb light energy to make food by photosynthesis Permanent vacuoleSpace filled with cell sap which exerts pressure on the cell wall to keep it rigid and support the plant Examiners Tip: Not all plant cells have chloroplasts, for example, root hair cells. Why not?

13. What is a cell? A cell can be defined as the ”building block of life". Use this image to explain this analogy.

14. Modelling Cells Think of your school building. Each building is made up of a number of classrooms. Each classroom has four walls. Each wall is made up of bricks. Structurally, each brick is the smallest unit of your school building. So is the cell with respect to the body, that is, the structural unit. et us consider the order of a class. Each class has a number of students. Out of these students some are monitors. These monitors report to the class teacher who looks after the overall functioning of his/her class. The smallest functional unit of a class is a student. So is the cell for the body. The bodies of both plants and animals are made of cells. However, they are not a carbon copy of each other.

15. Introduction to cell size All living things are made of cells – but you cannot see them with the naked eye so biologists use microscopes to magnify the image. All living things are made of cells – but you cannot see them with the naked eye so biologists use microscopes to magnify the image. The largest cell in the human body is the egg or ova which measures approximately 0.1mm – smaller than a full stop The largest cell in the human body is the egg or ova which measures approximately 0.1mm – smaller than a full stop In contrast, the smallest cell is the sperm measuring 0.06mm In length from head to tail and 0.0025mm width of head In contrast, the smallest cell is the sperm measuring 0.06mm In length from head to tail and 0.0025mm width of head

16. Units of measurement The size of cells vary: The size of cells vary: Average animal cell = 0.02 mm across Average plant cell = 0.04 mm across Make sure you know these units of measurement : 1) Millimeters (mm) or 1m x 10-3 2) Micrometers (μm) or 1m x 10-6 3) Nanometers (nm) or 1m x 10-9 Cell surface membranes are about 0.000 01 mm thick. Can you convert this to micrometers? Answer: 0.01 micrometer

17. Measuring Plant & Animal Cells to scale Draw and label the cells in your book in pencil Draw and label the cells in your book in pencil Write a results table to record the size of cells Write a results table to record the size of cells Calculate an average Calculate an average Compare your results to the class to check repeatability for: Compare your results to the class to check repeatability for:

18. Units of measurement Copy and complete table of units to show the Diameter of a Mimivirus metric unitsymboldecimal value meter _____ 0.000000800 meter _____ 0.000000800 millimetermm_______ millimetermm_______ Micrometer or micronµ0.800 Micrometer or micronµ0.800 N________________nm ___ N________________nm ___

19. Answers metric unitsymboldecimal value meterm0.000000800 meterm0.000000800 millimetermm0.000800 millimetermm0.000800 Micrometerµ0.800 Micrometerµ0.800 Nanometernm800 Nanometernm800 What patterns can you spot in the table? Can you work out the rule for changing the scale? Can you memorize the name and symbol?

20. Cells alive – how BIG? Your task is to navigate http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm Your task is to navigate http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm Click on Cell Biology on the left Click on Cell Biology on the left Then HOW BIG? Then HOW BIG? Complete the task sheets Complete the task sheets

21. Are these cells plant or animal? Can you name the organelles?