1. What did Galileo incorporate in his study of motion that Aristotle overlooked?
A) the role of distance
B) the role of time
C) the role of space
D) none of the above

2. In science, an educated guess is a
hypothesis.
theory.
both of these.

3. The synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well-tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the world is known as scientific
fact.
hypothesis.
law or principle.
theory.

4. The average speed of a deer traveling a distance of 2 km in a time of one- half hour is
A) 1 km/h.
B) 2 km/h.
C) 4 km/h.
D) more than 4 km/h.

5. When a ball increases in speed by the same amount each second, its acceleration
A) also increases each second.
B) decreases each second.
C) is constant.
D) varies.

6. A motor scooter undergoes acceleration when it
A) gains speed.
B) decreases speed.
C) changes direction.
D) all of the above.

7. What is the acceleration of a car that maintains a constant velocity of 100 km/h for 10 s?
A) 0 m/s2
B) 10 km/h/s
C) 10 m/s2
D) 1000 km/h/s

8. What is the resultant speed of an airplane flying at a speed of 80 km/hr relative to the surrounding air in 40 km/hr crosswind?

9. An iron ball with a mass of 20 kg and a feather with a mass of 1 kg are dropped in a vacuum. The force of gravity on the iron ball is _______________________ compared to the feather?

10. What two factors greatly affect air resistance?

11. If a constant net force is applied to an object and its mass is unchanged, describe the motion of the object.

12. If you have two blocks on a frictionless surface, one weighing 5-N and the other weighing 10-N, and you want to push them with equal acceleration, you would have to push with _____________________.

13. Would it be easier to lift a truck on the Earth or on the moon? Explain.
How much force would be needed to accelerate the truck on Earth compared to the moon?

14. A 30 kg block with an initial velocity of 5 m/s slides 6 meters across a horizontal surface and comes to a stop in 5 seconds. What is the stopping force on the block?

24. The reason padded dashboards are used in cars is that they
look nice and feel good.
decrease the impulse in a collision.
increase the force of impact in a collision.
decrease the momentum of a collision.
increase the time of impact in a collision.

25. Momentum of a system is conserved only when
there are no internal forces acting on the system.
the system is not moving.
there are no forces acting on the system.
there is no net external force acting on the system.
the system has zero momentum.

26. Suppose a girl is standing on a pond where there is no friction between her feet and the ice. In order to get off the ice, she can
bend over touching the ice in front of her and then bring her feet to her hands.
walk very slowly on tiptoe.
get on her hands and knees and crawl off the ice.
throw something in the direction opposite to the way she wants to go.
all of the above will work

27. Which of the following has the largest momentum?
A large truck parked in a parking lot
A tightrope walker crossing Niagara Falls
Howard High School
A pickup truck traveling down the highway
A dog running down the street

28. Two billiard balls having the same mass roll
toward each other, each moving at the same
speed. What is the combined momentum of the two balls?
0 kg∙m/s
10 kg∙m/s
more information needed to determine

29. A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum
A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum. If it were to roll at the same speed but had twice as much mass, its momentum would be
zero.
unchanged.
quadrupled.
doubled.

30. A cannon fires a cannonball
A cannon fires a cannonball. The speed of the cannonball will be the same as the speed of the recoiling cannon
if the mass of the cannonball equals the mass of the cannon.
because momentum is conserved.
because velocity is conserved.
because both velocity and momentum are conserved.
none of the above

31. Recoil is noticeable if you throw a heavy ball while standing on roller skates. If instead you go through the motions of throwing the ball but hold onto it, your net recoil velocity will be
small but noticeable.
the same as before.
zero.

32. A karate expert executes a swift blow and splits a cement block with her bare hand.
The forces on both the block and the expert's hand have the same magnitude.
The times of impact on both the block and the expert's hand are the same.
The impulses on both the block and the expert's hand have the same magnitude.
all of the above
none of the above

33. A bow is drawn so that it has 40 J of potential
energy. When fired, the arrow will ideally have a
kinetic energy of
less than 40 J.
more than 40 J
40 J.

34. A moving freight car runs into an identical car at rest on the track
A moving freight car runs into an identical car at rest on the track. The cars couple together. Compared to the velocity of the first car before the collision, the velocity of the combined cars after the collision is
zero.
one half as large.
the same.
twice as large.
More information is needed to say.

35. A car traveling along the highway needs a
certain amount of force exerted on it to stop. More
stopping force may be required when the car has
more mass.
more momentum.
less stopping distance.
all of these
none of these

36. Suppose an astronaut in outer space wishes to toss a ball against a very massive and perfectly elastic concrete wall and catch it as it bounces back. If the ball is as massive as the astronaut, then
the astronaut's time between catches will decrease as the game progresses.
the astronaut will never catch the first bounce.
the astronaut will catch one bounce only.
none of the above

37. Superman is at rest in space when he throws an asteroid that has more mass than he does. Which moves faster, Superman or the asteroid?
Superman
The asteroid
They both move at the same speed.

38. A cannonball shot from a long-barrel cannon travels faster than one shot from a short-barrel cannon because the cannonball receives a greater
force.
impulse.
both A and B
neither A nor B

39. No work is done by gravity on a
bowling ball that rolls along a
bowling alley because
no force acts on the ball.
no distance is covered by the ball.
the force on the ball is at right angles to the ball's motion.
no potential energy is being converted to kinetic energy.
its kinetic energy remains constant.

40. A 60 kg student climbs a 3 m ladder in 10 seconds.
Calculate the: (a) the work and (b) the power exerted.
A bicycle and its rider are moving along a straight line at a speed of 6 m/s. The rider applies the brakes with a constant force of -42 N. The bicycle decelerates and stops in 10 seconds. What is the total mass of the bicycle and rider?

41. The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is
gravitational.
nuclear.
centripetal.
electrical.
none of the above

42. The electric force between charges is strongest when the charges are
close together.
far apart.
either

43. A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged
negatively.
positively.
either
neither

44. When two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electric resistance that the battery senses is
more than the resistance of either lamp.
less than the resistance of either lamp.
none of the above

45. A 100-W lamp glows brighter than a 25-W lamp
A 100-W lamp glows brighter than a 25-W lamp. The electric resistance of the 100-W lamp is
less.
greater.
the same.

46. A static discharge differs from electric current in that a static discharge
is a flow of electrons.
lasts for only a fraction of a second.
results because a force is exerted on the electrons.
involves the movement of ions as well as electrons.

47. A sustained flow of electric charge requires
a potential difference.
a resistance.
an electric field.
electric polarization.