1. Week 4 Topic: Carbohydrates Return Market Assignment ? Exam 1 is Tues. May 3 ◦ Review sheet posted ◦ Objective exam 40 questions-40 points ◦ Covers all….through Carb lectures

2. 1.The stomach is normally very acidic. 2.Swallowed gum stays in the stomach 3 days. 3.The primary job of the GI tract is to make ATP. 4.It is important to keep the GI tract clean (sterile). 5. Dietary sugars and starches travel as glucose in the blood. 6. The absorptive surface of the small intestine is ~ the size of a basketball court. True (T) or False (F)

3. The Working Fuel Carbohydrates Provides us with fuel for the long haul; the work of daily living!

4. Carbs: vital fuel and more Natural source of fiber Spare protein from use as fuel Help fat burn efficiently Our #1 source of glucose Why is glucose so special?

5. Glucose…. A product of photosynthesisphotosynthesis Versatile, clean burning fuel Some cells only use glucose to make ATP ……we have a 24/7 need for blood glucose It is ‘blood sugar’ Basic building block of most dietary carbs We store glucose…but, as what? We can make glucose…..but, from what? ……Glycogen…. til depot fills, then as fat!!!

6. We make glucose from…. Glycogen (stored carb in muscle and liver) Dietary and body proteins Dietary carbs, our #1 source of glucose : )

7. Which groups contain carbs? fruit vegetables grains, beans grain by-products milk, yogurt honey, sugars All contain carbs!

8. Carbohydrates Simple - Complex Simple structure Label as syrups ‘ose’ suffix common Glucose: blood sugar Fructose, sucrose, lactose Complex structure Bulk of calorie intake Starch, fiber, glycogen Chains of glucose Fruit Sugar Cane, Beet etc. Suga r Milk Sugar King Carb !!

9. Carb Rich Foods : simple or complex fruit, bread simple + complex grains, beans most veg mostly complex milk, sugars, honey flavored yogurt simple only

10. A Closer Look at Simple Sugar fruit vegetables grains, beans grain by-products milk, plain yogurt honey, sugars, syrups Added vs. Natural

11. Added sugar vs. Natural sugar Max added/day Men ~35 g (9t.) Women ~25 g (6t.) Advice->limit intake of added sugar You addNature adds

12. Time Out ….Think Lactose: a natural sugar found in milk and most by-products. 1. Is it a simple or complex carbohydrate? 2. Is it an ‘added’ or ‘natural’ sugar? 3. Is it bad for you? 4. Does lactose intolerance =milk allergy 5. Describe the carbohydrate in flavored yogurt?

13. Eating carbs results in gain weight. Not necessarily! Only store fat (gain weight) if consume more calories than needed regardless of energy source!

14. Complex carbs Many glucose units linked together starch (food) fiber (food) glycogen (storage carb in body)

15. Complex CHO ( Plant Forms ) Starch Storage glucose in plants Fiber Difficult to digest Not destroyed by cooking Soluble vs. insoluble Important for; GI tract health heart health satiety elimination

16. See Table 12.5 for a list of high fiber foods Fill up with real, whole food fiber! Plants rule the fiber domain!

17. Complex CHO (in animals) Glycogen ◦ Storage carb ◦ ~ 2000 Cal/150 lb (70Kg) adult ◦ Diet and exercise alter glycogen reserves where stored in liver/muscle ◦ Stored with water!

18. Eat more healthy, complex carbs veggies/whole fruit & grains/greens/beans Eat fewer ‘added sugar’ foods ~25 g/d (6t.) women ~35 g/d (9t.) men Read full carb breakdown on Facts Panel total carb, sugars, fiber Check out ingredient list for carb origin natural or added