1. Int 2 / Higher P.E. Volleyball

2. In volleyball we use all of these principles. We USE SPACE in a number of ways to beat the opposition. We DENY SPACE at the net by blocking at least one line of attack – stopping a hard hit. This block also denies space in the back court allowing our defence to concentrate in other parts of the court (Block Shadow). We MAKE SPACE by attacking from wide positions – spreading the block and the defence Leaving space to hit the ball into. We MAINTAIN SPACE in defence- the team space- keeping the ball in the team space makes it easier to work as a team. We CREATE PRESSURE by always serving ‘tough’ – into space, at weak receivers and using pace on the ball. WE VARY THE TEMPO of play – playing slow in defence by giving the ball height to give our team TIME to build the attack. Playing faster in attack to give opponents less TIME to cope with our attack.

3. Volleyball - SSC How did we collect data? Video Observation schedule (G.O.S – whole game looking at all 6 phases, S.O.S. – Specific skills or specific phases) Looking at both individual player and team effectiveness

4. Quick re-cap What is meant by a structure? What is meant by a strategy? What is our chosen / preferred structure? What are the names of the roles / positions on court? Who normally gets the 2 nd ball? Describe one responsibility of the setter during an attack?

5. Describe one responsibility of the setter defensively? Describe one responsibility of the swing hitter during an attack? Describe one responsibility of the swing hitter defensively? Describe one responsibility of the backcourt player / server when receiving serve? Describe one responsibility of the backcourt player / server offensively?

6. Roles and Relationships 1BLOCKER/SETTERVery demanding role – very high involvement touching the ball every attack. PHYSICAL DEMANDS SPEED -1) To move quickly to the blocking position to DENY SPACE. 2) To move quickly to the ball to set the attack. POWER -1) To jump high in the block so DENYING MORE SPACE. ENDURANCE -1) To be able to do all the above in long rallies and long games. TECHNICAL DEMANDS 1) Good quality volley to accurately set the attack so MAKING SPACE and giving TIME for the attackers. 2) The ability to do this both with a forward and reverse volley and DISGUISE our attack. 3) A quality block to DENY SPACE to the opposition attack.

7. Roles and Relationships 1.BLOCKER/SETTER MENTAL DEMANDS 1) Making the correct choice of set each time taking into account the various factors i.e.a) Find your best attacker b) Set the easier ball under pressure 2) Reading the opposition attack and reacting accordingly- ‘HIT’ ATTACK or ‘TIP ATTACK’

8. Roles and Relationships 2.DEFENDER/HITTERLess demanding role – may not be involved in every attack. PHYSICAL DEMANDS SPEED -1) Quick movement into defensive positions to DENY SPACE. 2) Quick movement to ‘HELP’ in defence and so MAINTAIN TEAM SPACE. POWER -1) Jump High – allowing attacker to hit down into more court space. 2) Hit Hard – attacker can hit ball more quickly into gaps EXPLOITING SPACE. ENDURANCE -1) Do all the above in long rallies and long games. TECHNICAL DEMANDS 1) Accurate 1 st pass to allow Setting strategies to be accomplished. 2) Good floor defence – DENYING SPACE & SLOWING TEMPO. 3) Variety of attack shots – Hit, Tip, Jump Volley to allow Attacking Strategy.

9. Roles and Relationships 2.DEFENDER/HITTER MENTAL DEMANDS 1) ‘Correct’ choice of attack shot depending upon a) Quality of Set b) Opposition Block c) Opposition Defence 2) Correct reading of opposition – line, diagonal, hit or tip.

10. Roles and Relationships 3.READ DEFENDER/SERVERMay not touch the ball in defence but has to work on every defence PHYSICAL DEMANDSGreat demands on speed and agility SPEED -1) Quick movement to defensive positions to DENY SPACE. 2) Quick movement to ‘HELP’ in defence and so MAINTAIN TEAM SPACE. ENDURANCE -Involved in every rally moving side to side depending on the attack direction. TECHNICAL DEMANDS 1) Good floor defence – DENYING SPACE & SLOWING TEMPO. 2) Strong accurate service – Creating PRESSURE 3) Accurate 1 st pass – allowing all attack options.

11. Roles and Relationships 3.READ DEFENDER/SERVER MENTAL DEMANDS 1) Read attack line – line or diagonal and DENY SPACE

12. Roles and Relationships Volleyball is an unusual game in that each player on court must rotate through all positions on court so each player must be able/prepared to play ALL 3 ROLES TO fulfil ALL 3 FUNCTIONS. This is a great deal to expect from all your players. Coaches recognise this and try to find ways around the problem. Rather than trying to improve ALL 4 PLAYERS in the DEMANDS of all 3 ROLES coaches encourage SPECIALISATION. This takes advantage of the Strengths of your team members and helps you hide the Weaknesses of these individuals.

13. Roles and Relationships SPECIALIST SETTER By using the individual with the best player profile – PHYSICALLY, MENTALLY and TECHNICALLY to set your attacks you gain a number of benefits 1) Consistent, Accurate Setting for the Attackers giving them the best chance of accomplishing the teams attacking strategy. 2) Hide weak setters – if you can’t set you don’t set. 3) Utilise good attackers – don’t waste a good attacker by asking them to set the attack.

14. Roles and Relationships SPECIALIST ATTACKERS By using the individuals who best suit this player profile – PHYSICALLY, MENTALLY and TECHNICALLY you can 1) Have a safer and more effective net attack. 2) Hide poor attackers.

15. Roles and Relationships SPECIALIST DEFENDERS Players often find a preference in defending in one of the 3 defence positions. This often reflects their ability to meet the Player Profile of each defensive ROLE. By matching Player to position you will benefit defensively as a team i.e. the faster more agile defender should be in READ/DEFENDER position. The defenders with good technique for controlling the power hit will take the main attack line as Attacker/Defender. By making these defensive Personnel changes you will make more defences – get more attacks back into the air – give yourself more chances to win points – frustrate the opposition into errors. So by using Specialist Players you can make immediate improvements to your teams performance. If you get the best players for the ROLE then they will be best placed to accomplish the teams preplanned strategies – CARRY OUT THE GAME PLAN EFFECTIVELY. Should you then wish to improve the specialist players themselves within their position to further take advantage of their strengths your training should be based on the SPECIALIST PLAYER PROFILE – THE ROLE – THE FUNCTION

17. Phases of play? 1. Service 2. Service Reception 3. Set 4. Attack 5. Block 6. Transition

18. SERVICE Server should use their serve powerfully It should be accurately grounded into space

19. SERVICE RECEPTION Squeezing the heart of the court. Swing hitters and backcourt player can take a step inwards and outwards if necessary to receive serve. Strong lines of communication here (hips) and also forces serve wide, more difficult to do.

20. SET The 2 nd touch of the ball comes from the setter, swing hitter directs the ball to them to set up an attack. The setter will decide which channel of attack the SET will be played into and therefore which swing hitter will attack the ball.

21. ATTACK The final touch comes from the attacking player. They will decide on which attacking shot to use (spike, volley, tip etc) This final shot will depend on the accuracy of the SET and the positioning of the opposing block.

22. BLOCK

23. TRANSITION If the ball bounces off a block and into the air, defending team will use their 3 remaining touches to set up an attack. (NB block does not count as a touch!)

24. The 3 mains units are: Defensive Unit – created by the swing hitters and backcourt player by ‘squeezing’ the heart of the court to apply pressure to the opposing server by denying open court space.

25. Attacking Unit – fundamentally created by the swing hitters and setter. This unit can use the whole net to attack along.

26. Blocking unit – normally performed by a swing hitter and the setter. Timing of jump is important to ‘present ‘ the block successfully.

27. Principles of Play Width, depth and mobility

28. Width Width in attack in the 1 – 2 – 1 structure This is created by the 2 swing hitters for the setter to target the extreme left or right of the court. This give the team 2 options and a degree of flexibility, which can make it difficult for the opposing team to pin point the danger and react to it. This is particularly the case is the setter play a reverse volley. This means that there are a range of attacking opportunities and a selection of the 3 channels of attack.

29. Width in Defence in the 1 – 2 – 1 structure Is also created by the swing hitters working closely with the backcourt defender. In the service reception or transition phases, the hitters can be positioned out wide to ensure the sidelines are covered. This can only happen if the backcourt defender is skillful and quick in covering the ‘heart’ of the court.

30. SH covers sidelines and create width. BC the moves in to cover the heart.

31. Depth In the 1 – 2 – 2 structure, depth in attack in created by playing: (a) Penetrating setter The team would play this if their strongest setter was in position 6 and not position 3 of the setter. Setter and backcourt defender switch after service. Even when players are ‘out of position’, mobility of players from depth can provide consistency to the structure of the team and a successful attack can still take place.

32. (b) Backcourt hit Played behind the back line by the backcourt defender. This is needed if a powerful hitter has moved into this position and also provides depth by giving the team a 3 rd attacking option. It is also useful if the Set has not gone to plan the defensive unit can jump and hit the ball from a deep position.

33. Depth Depth can be created in 3 ways: (a) The backcourt defender covers the baseline during service reception. (b) The swing hitters will come away from the net during service reception and transition phases to help cover the sidelines. They will also support the backcourt player by squeezing the heart of the court. © During the blocking phase, the backcourt defender and remaining swing hitter will cover out with the shadow of the block.

34. Mobility Mobility is important because the team needs to be able to adapt or change the structure altogether if required. Your teams strengths and weaknesses will be on show during all competitive performances, as will your opponents. Therefore if things don’t go to plan, adaptations (short term) or even changes (long term) may have to occur

35. Communication The communication between Volleyball players is known as the ‘Line of communication’ This will take place as team mates support and cooperate with one another. Team communication needs to promote positive verbal encouragement and continual success will develop determination and loyalty for each player. Verbal commands and calls need to be clear, particularly during service reception to setting and from set to attack. More importantly, poor play from the group or an individual will ‘test’ a teams resilience and ability to stay positive and upbeat.

36. Therefore, a verbal and physical line of communication between players will help create and hold a structure together at all times. Opponents intentions can also be picked up by patterns of movement after verbal commands.

37. Using deception and Disguise Fake / dummy Reverse volley ½ volley 1 and ½ volley 2 ½ volley Backcourt hit Deception only really comes from the 2 nd and 3 rd ball as the first is for our benefit and allows us time to readjust our structure to form an effective attacking unit.

38. Strengths and Weaknesses Individual S and W are important to consider as we all have different roles to fulfill on the court. For example an individual may possess particularly good physical attributes which will allow them to be an effective blocker (explosive power for jumping), attacker (strength for striking the ball hard) or defender (agile to receive service). Or there may be weaknesses in the team e.g. lack of power thus unable to jump and perform an effective block or not good at receiving the ball. Overcome this? Only have one blocker at the net? Hide weak player at the net during service reception?

39. Strengths and Weaknesses of the 1 – 2 – 1 structure

40. SERVICE Strength Blocked vision by front court players at net. Target on weak player or setter. Weakness Quick return from opponents can exploit the space behind the 3 front court players.

41. SERVICE RECEPTION Strength 3 backcourt players cover the heart of the court forcing the opposition to serve down the line. Each part of the court is covered well and good line of communication (hips no need to talk) Weakness Lines f communication must be clear to avoid confusion. Only 1 target to play the ball to at the net (only 1 setter) Only 1 backcourt player to cover baseline.

42. SETTING Strength Designated setter ready at the net with options. Setter to control the tempo of play. Clear roles Lines of communication Can set from 2 and a half – SH comes in between the middle of setter and other SH and is now called the ‘middle hitter’. Thus setter does not have to play a tricky reverse set – can play fwds for 2 attacking players to move in Weakness Setter has to be able to play the ball in both directions (Fwd and Bwds) Setter only in position for 1 rotation. Possibility of 3 non setters unless switch

43. ATTACK Strength 2 swing hitters for choice. Many attacking options – 3 channels and possibility of 3 attackers 2 nd ball attack Backcourt hit / attack allow for a wider variety of attacking shots that can be played. Spike, volley, tip etc. Weakness 1 channel may be blocked. Backcourt player cannot jump and cannot come over back line. Can be slightly predictable.

44. BLOCKING Strength 3 blockers 2 very minimum Close the window Creating the post Weakness Exposure to the rest of the court if all committed in block. Difficulty if post is not set correctly. 2 blockers – timing of the jump or lack of power

45. TRANSITION Strength Identify roles for area of responsibility Weakness Quick return will exploit slow movement of the team.

46. In addition, the 1 – 2 – 1 formation everyone has a distinct role and responsibility, whereas in the 2-2 formation there are 2 defenders and 2 setters which can cause a lot of confusion if communication is poor.

47. Other difficulties in our 1-2-1 structure Communication error Poor communication will result in no one going to the ball and an ace or both players going for the ball. This will lead to the opponents playing the ball into these areas to win points.

48. Weak player A weak player that our opponents were trying to play the ball to. Although we can hide the weak player in service reception, it means that other players are having to cover areas of the court, leaving potential gaps for the opposition to play into. May move the weak player towards the net or in the corners of the court or even penetrating the setter if necessary.

49. One good setter Penetrating the setter to move the player into their preferred role and give the team their strongest setter. Accuracy of the set is vital in the attack.

50. Overcoming these weaknesses To overcome these weaknesses changes can occur within the team / structure. If communication is poor between two or more, players come up with a plan; before of during the game decide who will go for the ball i.e. Defender always gets first ball or eliminate players altogether to avoid confusion.

51. If there is a weak player in your team then they will be a prime target for the opposition. Or indeed your team may only have one good setter. This can be overcome by moving towards the net, corners of court of penetrating setter.

52. HW Past Paper Question Describe, in detail, a SSC you have used(4) Discuss some of the Strengths that either you or your team/ group experienced when applying this SSC (6) Describe your weakness(es) when applying this Strategy, Structure or Composition. Discuss the effect that this had on your performance (6) Describe how you adapted your Strategy, Structure or Composition to reduce the effect of these weaknesses (4)

53. Methods of data Collection Video analysis – what are the merits of using the video to collect data on our performance in volleyball? Observation Schedule – these can be completed in ‘real time’ or in conjunction with the video. The information from the schedules will suggest strengths and weaknesses within the structure.

54. Questions 1.Why is it important to collect data on your performance in volleyball? 2.Draw an example of a general observation schedule and a Specific observation schedule 3.Pages 31 – 35 gives you examples to choose from.

55. 4 give the merits of using these type of observation schedules (pages 36 – 37)

56. Tomorrow Review the strategic adaptations we can make to our 1 – 2 – 1 structure in the short term to achieve success. How we can change our structure from 1- 2-1 to the 2-2 and look at the strengths and weaknesses of this structure.

57. Strengths and Weaknesses of the 2-2 structure Service Strength - block opposition vision of service. Weakness- Opposition can exploit space in the middle of the court with a quick return.

58. Service Reception Strength - Only 2 at back court, less confusion when receiving serve, cover quarter of the court. Lines of communication between SR and setter are clear. Weakness- Less width on court, weak defenders become more exposed. Only 1 player to cover the whole court, what is one is the weak player? The heart of the court is not covered.

59. Setting – strength 2 setters thus more options for disguise Setter in 1 place for 2 rotations. There are targets to hit from SR Weakness Communication between setters is vital. Whole team must be aware of setting options.

60. Attack Strength - Only 1 front court attack obvious by who gets the set Back court penetrating set option can be used Weakness - Only 2 from court attackers – 1 of which will set to back court attacker that cannot jump. Only have 1 SH in play and 2 back court options – this can be predictable.

61. Blocking Strength - Front 2 always block 2 back court covering and cross court. There are only 2 options for the cross court and line defenders – les confusion. Weakness - 1 player has to move right across the net to block, takes time to do this.

62. Transition Strength- Identified space on court, ¼ of court – each area of responsibility is clearer. Weakness -Back 2 have bigger area to cover.

63. Homework due for Thursday Discuss the differences between the 1-2-1 and the 2-2 structure.

64. Methods Of data Collection Explain the benefits of each type of observation schedule. Pg 36 - 37 Read pages 38 – 39 and answer the following questions What weaknesses in our structure may be a problem? What will our training programme focus on? Give a detailed explanation of what our training programme will focus on.

65. Training programme The training / improvement plan will last for 6 weeks, will take place 3 times a week, involve gradually building in pressure to ensure a game like context, will involve the whole team and allow us to evaluate progress. Team Strengths – Setting Team Weaknesses – Blocking and Attacking

66. Content of our Training Programme for Blocking only Our training programme looked at: Isolating skills – this involves looking at individual skills like tip and blocking. Improve the quality of the skill and benefit from ‘stronger’ skills becoming more fluent and consistent. Isolating phases of play – important phases of play can be simulated into a drill the intention being improving the quality of the phase. We have looked at blocking. Improving physical fitness – our training also needs to look at certain aspects of fitness that are vital in volleyball, Power, Speed, Agility for example.

67. Drill 1 Blockers are elevated on chairs to the correct height. Passive blockers and focus on the ‘close the window’ technique. Blockers do not require the physical aspect of power for blocking here. Blockers are also confined to one spot. Attacker plays the ball up for the setter who then sets the ball forward. Attacking player plays the ball over using a variety of attacking shots (tip, spike, volley, dig etc) Blockers Attackers Setter

68. Drill 2 Blockers Setter Blockers are now active and on the ground and therefore require power in this legs to jump high to present the block. They also require good communication and reaction time to time the jump and react to the attack. The block is moveable Setter now plays either a forward or reverse set to the attacker (communication is key). This makes it more game like.

69. Drill 3 Blockers Setter Attackers We added in another blocker to produce a 3 man block. This is even more game like with 2 SH and a setter. Communication and knowledge of roles in important as the SH must know when to go for the block and when to cover cross court in case of a successful block. There is more pressure in this drill.

70. Drill 4 The same practice as before except the rally continues making the situation even more game like going through the phases of play not necessarily in the preferred / identified roles.

71. Drill 5 The final drill is a 4v4 game which lets us work on our skills developed in the practice and also allows us to see if the training programme has been successful. All the drills allow us to work on attack and blocking phases of play.

72. Content of our training programme for Service Reception Drill 1 Position 6 serves (underarm or overarm) to position 1, position 1 then selects a dig or volley depending on the type of serve to then play to position 2, position 2 then sets along the net to position 3 and position 3 plays an attacking shot to position 6 to start the drill once more. All players remain fixed in their position until the teacher directs the team to rotate to start the drill once more. Mimics the skills required in service reception – position 1 must select the correct pass to play an accurate sot towards the net.

73. Drill 2 This drill is the same shot selection as drill 1. however players now need to follow their pass. This mimics the mobility that is required for players in the service reception phase. Once you have passed the ball movement must occur where necessary. Target /goal – to have one complete rotation / loop of the ball with successfully passes and runs. 1 minute to complete a minimum of 5 successful loops. we may also vary the type of passes to be played: position 6 can only serve using the underarm serve, position 1 can only play a dig etc

74. Drill 3 Butterfly drill Position 6 serves to position 1, position 1 this time Passes to position 3 (the setter), position 3 Sets the ball along the net to position 2 (the swing Hitter) who then plays an attacking shot towards Position 6. Players must follow their pass quickly and passes Should all be high to allow time for the change in Direction. Drill always stops and starts with the position 6 serving. Target – 1 minute to get 3 successful loops of the Ball/condition on the types of passes used. Drill mimics the service reception phase as it allows Players to fulfil their assigned roles and responsibilities In the service reception phase; first ball after service Played to the setter, setter sets long net etc.

75. Drill 4 Here, the Swing hitter on the left – serves to the BCD, the BCD plays the ball to the setter, the setter then must communicate effectively to choose the channel of attack and work closely with the SH to complete the attack phase. Players remain mobile to support one another and to ensure strong lines of communication (hips) This drill mimics service reception as the setter and both swing hitters must communicate effectively to ensure an accurate pass to prepare for the attack. Attacking shot is also developed here as the SH’s now must prepare for an attack over the net – emphasis on spiking (placed and power), shoot and tip volley. Suggested targets or goals we could set ourselves in this drill?

76. Drill 5 As the previous drill however a team is now positioned on the opposite side of the net to block an attack made from the team. If the ball is unsuccessfully blocked then the rally continues on the opposition side. Conditioned game – must start the drill and then the rally continues. Mimics the service reception phase as players need to work closely together to communicate (verbal, non verbal and hips) all crucial here. Suggested targets or goals we could set ourselves in this drill?

77. Our programme looks at: Isolating skills – develop individual skills to improve the quality of the skill and benefit from stronger skills becoming more fluent and consistent. Isolating the phases of play – important that the phases simulated through the drills thus improving the quality of the phase. Improving fitness – training also helps to develop certain aspects of fitness e.g. power, agility, speed etc.

78. What will make our training a success We move on to the next practice once we have mastered the first Each practice gets progressively more difficult and more game like Training involves the whole team We can evaluate progress through measuring our success against the targets/goals we set ourselves during training and indeed during the competitive games.

79. Why monitor our T.P.? When addressing our Weaknesses ( going through our training programme) it is important to monitor our progress, using the same methods that we used to firstly collect data. -It allows us to see if improvements have been made and thus the programme has been successful -It allows us to identify if the programme is specific enough to the weaknesses, if it is we will see improvements. -Allows us to identify if the correct initial starting level was correct. If it is improvements shouls also be seen. -To see if short term goals were achieved. -It also allows us to make adaptations or change something within the programme to ensure improvements are being made. -It also allows for comparison of data during and after the T.P and can be kept as a permanent record of evidence.

80. PLAN OF ACTION 1 PLAN OF ACTION TO IMPROVE Once you have identified problem in carrying out your pre-planned strategies you have to produce a plan of action to improve your performance as a team in those areas. The plan will have to take into account: 1. How long have we got to find a solution. 2. The specific nature of the problem. 1.TIME – How long have we got to find the solution. a)IMMEDIATE SOLUTION If we find as a DEFENSIVE unit we have difficulty defending the TIP ATTACK – We can’t wait until training to improve this – We must make an immediate change to our performance or we lose the game. We can do this by pushing our READ/DEFENDER (Position (1)) closer to the blocker to defend the TIP ATTACK. This will change the team formation in defence From 1-2-1 to 1-1-2 If you don’t make this change your team will lose the Game. Your team needs to have this flexibility of strategic approach. 4 2 1

81. PLAN OF ACTION 2 b)IMMEDIATE SOLUTION If we find as an ATTACKING unit we have difficulty winning points due to our HIGH SLOW PREDICTABLE ATTACK we can make an immediate strategic/positional change to make us less predictable so giving us more opportunities to win the game. We cam move our setting position form (3) to (2) giving us a middle net attack as well as a wide Attack. The middle net attack can open up more angles of attack so spreading the defence a little more and changing our PREDICTABILITY FACTOR! 43 2 3

82. PLAN OF ACTION 3 c)IMMEDIATE SOLUTION If as a blocking unit we come up against an exceptional attacker who jumps high and hits hard and beats our block easily every time we must find an immediate solution to this or we lose the game. There are a number of immediate solutions to this problem. i) Serve the ball to this player deep so forcing them away from the net making a good approach rum more difficult. This also forces the player to concentrate on performing more than one skill i.e. Service Reception and Smash – more difficult to do so possible making them less effective. ii) Serve the ball to the opposite side of the court making it much harder for the setter to accurately give the ball to the stronger attacker. The setter has to either reverse set or turn through a very wide angle to set to the strong attacker. Setter Stronger Attacker Weaker Attacker Service

83. PLAN OF ACTION 4 c)IMMEDIATE SOLUTION (cont.) We could put a 2 person block against the good attacker. This should stop the ball being hit very hard into our court by DENYING THE SPACE at the net. Immediate solution needs to be found if games are not to be lost. It shows during the game players need to be : a)Aware of opposition strategy b)Flexible in their own strategy 4 3 2 1 Strong Attack

84. PLAN OF ACTION 5 2SHORT TERM SOLUTION You now have a little time to solve your identified weakness – You don’t have to or can’t find an immediate solution during the game. So we start to use some TRAINING TIME to solve our strategic problems. We must BASE our TRAINING on improving the SPECIFIC WEAKNESS (Which part of the strategy is braking down?) Is it a TECHANCIAL WEAKNESS Is it a DECISION MAKING WEAKNESS Is it a PHYSICAL WEAKNESS SETTING STRATEGY i) Problems with TEMPO of set MAKING SPACE AND DISGUISE can best be dealt with through TECHNICAL TRAINING. 1. Gradually increasing difficulty of feeds 2. Then introduce serve & receive prior to set. 3. Introduce blocker & hitters to check disguise. Setter Feeder Target

85. PLAN OF ACTION 6 2SHORT TERM SOLUTION However you have to ask the question. Can ALL the players improve enough to set accurate WIDE & HIGH attacks? If this answer is NO then you should look to using SPECIALIST SETTERS & improve their ability specific to the STRATEGIC NEEDS.

86. PLAN OF ACTION 7 2SHORT TERM SOLUTION ATTACKING STRATEGY The ability of individuals to fulfil the team attacking strategy VARY TEMPO, EXPLOIT SPACE, DISGUISE DIRECTION, SPEED & LENGTH will be influenced by TECHNICAL TRAINING PROGRAMME WHICH ALLOWS DECISIONS TO BE MADE BY ATTACKERS. Experiencing the game situations in a practice situation – building experience, finding success in different situations will lead to better ATTACKING ABILITY. e.g. Attacking to targets – Technical! Add BlockersDECISIONS Add Defenders All players need to learn to ATTACK to the best of their ability. However some will be better than others and the setters must be aware during the game who these are and USE THEM MORE in the ATTACK.

87. PLAN OF ACTION 8 2SHORT TERM SOLUTION DEFENSING STRATEGY The ability of individuals to contribute to team strategy – DENY SPACE – MAINTAIN SPACE – PLAY SLOW TEMPO – ADAPT & WORK TOGETHER AS A TEAM will be improved by TECHNICAL TRAINING WHICH ALLOWS DECISION MAKING & BUILDS IT INTO A TEAM RESPONSE. e.g.Practice to defend HARD HIT Practice to defend TIP ATTACK Practice to READ ‘HIT’ or ‘TIP’ Practice now to include 2 nd & 3 rd TOUCH Practice to include FEED DIRECTION VARIETY etc. Remember also the use of Specialist Defensive Positions to improve this performance.

88. PLAN OF ACTION 9 3LONG TERM SOLUTIONS Physical changes take MONTHS/ YEARS. Change in levels of fitness to improve performance. Again related to the specific demands of each strategy & position. POWERTo JUMP HIGH & HIT HARD. Weight training, plyometrics & specific weight training. SPEEDQUICK MOVEMENT to defend, block, attack & set. Speed drills specific to these movements. ENDURANCETo complete the above LONG GAMES & LONG RALLIES. Movement drills & circuit training.