1. *Groups of cells that are similar in structure and function.

2. Cells *They vary considerably in size, shape, and function. The shapes of cells make possible their functions.*

3. Cell Differentiation Cells develop different characteristics in structure and function

4. 4 Major Types of Tissues (pg. 95) 1. Epithelial covering 2. Connective support 3. Muscle movement 4. Nervous control

5. 1.) Epithelial (epithe=covering, laid on) Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, secretion Characteristics: Fit closely together to form sheets Avascular (no blood supply of their own) Diffusion Can regenerate themselves easily

6. Types (Classification) 2 names 1 st name # of layers2 nd name shape of cell Simple (one layer) Squamous (flat) StratifiedCuboidal (cubed) (more than one layer) Columnar (columns)

7. Examples (pgs. 96-102) NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 1.) Simple Squamous Pleura cavity Lines blood vessels Used for filtration & diffusion -serous membrane 2.) Simple cuboidalKidney tubules, ovaries, pancreas, salivary glands 3.) Simple columnar Digestive tractGoblet cells produce mucus 4.) Pseudostratified columnar Respiratory tract, oviducts Some have cilia & goblet cells to trap dust & debris 5.) Stratified squamous Mouth, throatIn areas with friction to protect

8. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS SIMPLE CUBOIDAL SIMPLE COLUMNAR PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS

9. NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 6.) TransitionalUrinary system organs Highly modified stratified squamous Can easily be stretched 7.) Glandular gland: 1 or more cells that make & secrete a product Endocrine gland: secrete hormones -thyroid, adrenal Exocrine gland: sweat, oil, liver, pancreas

10. QOD #8 What does the 1 st and 2 nd part of the epithelial tissue name refer to?

11. 2.) Connective Tissue Functions Connecting, supporting, binding, stores fat, produces blood Characteristics Most abundant & widely distributed Most are well vascularized (good blood supply) Made of a nonliving matrix (extracellular matrix)

12. Types (pg. 105) NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 1.)Loose (softer) -Areolar -Adipose (fat) Surround organs Beneath skin - Cushions & protects organs & holds them in place “glue” -Reservoir for H2O & salts Insulates & cushions

13. NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 2.) Cartilage -Hyaline -Elastic -Fibrocartilage Joint ends, nose Ear Intervertebral discs Flexible, firm, avascular (heals very slow) 3.) Dense Fibrous -Tendons -Ligaments Muscle to bone Bone to bone Collagen fibers 4.) Osseous (bone)SkeletonContains Ca salts Osteocyte: bone cell Osteoblast: form bone Osteoclast: reabsorb bone (Pg. 106-108)

14. HYALINE CARTILAGE ELASTIC CARTILAGE FIBROCART ILAGE DENSE CONNECTIVE OSSEOUS

15. NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 5.) Blood (pg 109) -Erythrocytes (RBC) -Leukocytes (WBC) -Thrombocytes (platelets) -Plasma Function: O2 transport Fight infection Clot blood Transport

16. 3.) Muscle Tissue (pg. 110-112) Function Contract (shorten) and produce movement Types NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 1.) SkeletalOn skeletonVoluntary, striations, multi-nucleated 2.) CardiacHeartInvoluntary, striations, uninucleated 3.) Smooth (visceral)Lines digestive tract organs & blood vessels Involuntary, no striations, uninucleated, contracts slower

17. CARDIAC SMOOTH SKELETAL

18. 4.) Nervous Tissue (pg 112) Functions: conductivity Characteristics: Cytoplasm drawn out into long processes (3ft) Types NAMELOCATIONEXTRAS 1.) NeuronsBrain, spinal cord, nerves 2.) Neuroglial cellsSurround neuronsSupports neurons

19. 4.5) Scar Tissue: Strong but not flexible like normal tissues Cannot perform normal functions