1. SOCIALIZING THE INDIVIDUAL
SOCIOLOGY
CHAPTER 4
SOCIALIZING THE INDIVIDUAL

2. SECTION 1

3. SOCIOBIOLOGY
SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
EMPHASIS NATURE VIEW POINT (BEHAVIOR IS IN OUR GENETIC CODE)

4. INSTINCT
UNCHANGING BIOLOGICALLY INHERITED BEHAVIOR PATTERN

5. HEREDITY
TRANSMISSION OF GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS FROM PARENTS TO CHILDREN

6. NURTURE
BEHAVIOR IS THE RESULT OF ENVIRONMENT AND LEARNING
PAVLOV

7. PERSONALITY
SUM TOTAL OF BEHAVIORS, ATTITUDES BELIEFS, AND VALUES THAT ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF AN INDIVIDUAL
CAN BE INFLUENCED BY BIRTH ORDER OR WHETHER OR NOT YOU HAVE SIBLINGS AND THEIR GENDER.
CULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS DETERMINE THE BASIC TYPES OF PERSONALITIES THAT WILL BE FOUND IN A SOCIETY.

8. PERSONALITY, CONT.
SUBCULTURAL DIFFERENCES CAN INFLUENCE PERSONALITY (EX. NEIGHBORHOOD, CITY)
DETERMINES HOW AN INDIVIDUAL INETERACTS WITH OTHER PEOPLE IN HIS/HER SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
DETERMINES HOW AN INDIVIDUAL ADJUSTS TO HIS/HER ENVIRONMENT AND REACTS IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS

9. PERSONALITY, CONT.
CONTINUES TO DEVELOP THROUGHOUT AN INDIVIDUAL’S LIFETIME
DEVELOPS AT VARYING RATES FROM INDIVIDUAL TO INDIVIDUAL.

10. INSTITUTIONALIZATION AND SOCIALIZATION
CAN CREATE FERAL CHILDREN: WILD OR UNTAMED CHILDREN WITH FEW HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS OTHER THAN APPEARANCE
CHILDREN CAN HAVE SLOWER DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR MENTAL, PHYSICAL, AND EMOTIONAL SKILLS

11. APTITUDE
CAPACITY TO LEARN A PARTICULAR SKILL OR ACQUIRE A PARTICULAR BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
EX. TALENT FOR PLAYING A SPORT

12. SECTION 2

13. SOCIALIZATION INTERACTIVE PROCESS
WE LEARN BASIC SKILLS, VALUES, BELIEFS, AND BEHAVIOR PATTERNS
CULTURE

14. TABULA RASA JOHN LOCKE INDIVIDUALS ARE BORN WITHOUT PERSONALITY
WE ACQUIRE OUR PERSONALITY AS A RESULT OF SOCIAL EXPERIENCES

15. LOOKING-GLASS SELF COOLEY THREE-STEP PROCESS
1. WE IMAGINE HOW WE APPEAR TO OTHERS
2. BASED ON THEIR REACTION, WE TRY TO DETERMINE IF OTHERS VIEW US AS WE VIEW OURSELVES
3. WE USE OUR PERCEPTIONS OF HOW OTHERS JUDGE US TO DEVELOP FEELINGS ABOUT OURSELVES
PARENTS MOST INFLUENTIAL IN SOCIALIZATION OF CHILD

16. ROLE-TAKING
MEAD: ROLE-TAKING: TAKING OR PRETENDING TO TAKE THE ROLE OF OTHERS
INTERNALIZE THE EXPECTATIONS OF THOSE CLOSEST TO US
SIGNIFICANT OTHERS: PARENTS, SIBLINGS, RELATIVE, OTHERS WHO DIRECTLY INFLUENCE OUR SOCIALIZATION.
WE INTERNALIZE THE EXPECTATIONS OF THESE PEOPLE.
AS WE GROW OLDER THESE PEOPLE BECOME LESS IMPORTANT IN SHAPING OUR SELF.

17. ROLE-TAKING CONT.
2. EXPECTATIONS AND ATTITUDES OF SOCIETY TAKE ON IMPORTANCE
GENERALIZED OTHER: INTERNALIZED ATTITUDES EXPECTATIONS AND VIEWPOINT OF SOCIETY THROUGH ROLE-TAKING
SELF: THE CONSCIOUS AWARENESS OF POSSESSING A DISTINCT IDENTITY THAT SEPARATES YOUR AND YOUR ENVIRONMENT FROM OTHER MEMBERS OF SOCIETY.

18. SELF: TWO PARTS
I: UNSOCIALIZED, SPONTANEOUS, SELF-INTERESTED PART OF PERSONALITY
ME: AWARE OF THE EXPECTATIONS OF SOCIETY: THE SOCIALIZED SELF
MEAD’S DEVELOPMENT OF SELF P. 97

19. DRAMATURGY
GOFFMAN
SOCIAL INTERACTION IS A DRAMA BEING PERFORMED ON A STAGE
WE WANT TO PLAY OUR ROLES WELL AND JUDGE OTHERS’ PERFOMANCES: IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT

20. SECTION 3

21. AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
THE SPECIFIC INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, AND INSTITUTIONS THAT ENABLE SOCIALIZATION TO TAKE PLACE
IN THE U.S THE PRIMARY AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION ARE FAMILY, PEER GROUP, SCHOOL, MASS MEDIA
FAMILY IS MOST IMPORTANT

22. PEER GROUP PRIMARY GROUP DIFFERENT FROM FAMILY ABOUT THE SAME AGE
SIMILAR SOCIAL CHARACTGERSTICS

23. RESOCIALIZATION
BREAK WITH PAST EXPERIENCES AND THE LEARNING OF NEW VALUES AND NORMS

24. TOTAL INSTITUTION
PEOPLE ARE ISOLATED FROM THE REST OF SOCIETY FOR A SPECIFIC PERIOD OF TIME AND SUBJECT TO TIGHT CONTROL
MAIN GOAL IS TO CHANGE AND INDIVIDUAL’S SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
EX: PRISON, BOOT CAMP, MONASTERIES, PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS