1. Phylum Porifera

2. Yellow barrel sponge

3. Pink lumpy sponge

4. General Information Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Porifera = “pore bearer” Size range – 1 cm to 2 meters in diameter

5. Giant Barrel sponges

6. Body Structure Ostia – pores – many, water IN Oscula – large opening(s), one or few, water OUT osculum

7. Body Structure Choanocytes – collar cells; have flagella Amoebocytes – transport food to layer of cells not on the surface

8. Body Structure Spicules – “skeleton” hard splinter-like; made of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) or silica (Si) Spongin – flexible protein

9. Level of organization Cellular Eukaryotic no organs, true tissues or nervous system simplest multicellular animal

10. Japanese Deep Sea Sponge

11. Symmetry Some asymetrical Some radial

12. Habitat Aquatic - Marine & Fresh-water Purple Rope sponge Fresh-water Sponge

13. Feeding Heterotrophic Filter feeders Food trapped by choanocytes Intracellular digestion (within the cell) No digestive tract

14. Feeding Water & food goes in via ostia Choanocytes trap food in spongocoel Amoebocytes carry food to inner layer of cells Water out osculum

15. Respiration - via diffusion

16. Internal transport via diffusion

17. Response NONE ! No Nervous System No cephalization Pipe organ sponge

18. Locomotion Larvae Free- swimming, use cilia Adults Sessile (do NOT move)

19. Reproduction Asexual Budding & Fragmentation

20. Reproduction Sexual Most monoecious = (hermaphrodites) all sponges can have male and female reproductive cells egg & sperm produced cross fertilization egg + sperm => free-swimming larvae

21. Reproduction Sexual Some dioecious Separate sexes Egg OR sperm produced free swimming egg and sperm (modified collar cell)

22. Ecological Roles Food for some Habitat for other aquatic animals

23. Ecological Roles Home use: bathing, cleaning, home improvement, other

24. Ecological Roles Medical research Sponges do not get cancer Why not? Maybe we can use what keeps them from getting cancer to treat humans………..

25. Azure Vase Sponge

26. Giant Barrel Sponge

27. White Cryptic Sponge

28. Elephant Ear Sponge

29. Stove pipe sponge

30. Yellow Vase Sponges

31. Yellow Barrel Sponge

32. Red Branch Sponge