1. Chapter 4: Organic Chemistry

2. Fig. 4-3 Name Molecular Formula Structural Formula Ball-and-Stick Model Space-Filling Model (a) Methane (b) Ethane (c) Ethene (ethylene)

3. Carbon atoms can partner with atoms other than hydrogen; for example: – Carbon dioxide: CO 2 – Urea: CO(NH 2 ) 2 O = C = O Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Urea

4. Hydrocarbons

5. Molecular Diversity Arising from Carbon Skeleton Variation Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules Carbon chains vary in length and shape Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings EthanePropane 1-Butene2-Butene (c) Double bonds (d) Rings CyclohexaneBenzene Butane2-Methylpropane (commonly called isobutane) (b) Branching (a) Length

6. Isomers

7. Fig. 4-8 Drug Ibuprofen Albuterol Condition Pain; inflammation Asthma Effective Enantiomer S-Ibuprofen R-Albuterol R-Ibuprofen S-Albuterol Ineffective Enantiomer

8. Functional Groups

9. Fig. 4-9 Estradiol Testosterone