1. Bellringer – Record in your composition notebook question and your answer. What was a scientific experiment you conducted at school? Identify the purpose of the lab, your hypothesis, steps you took, data recorded, and your conclusion. Was your hypothesis correct? Please, no fewer than 5 sentences.

2. Astronomy Current Event Topics Earth ’ s shape Earth ’ s motion through space (Precession, nutation, barycenter) Earth ’ s rotation and revolution about the sun Tidal impact due to the gravitation interaction between Earth and Moon Solar energy production Solar radiation Stars Sun Planets Fission – nuclear reaction Fusion – solar reaction Electromagnetic energy – X-rays, cosmic rays Energy flow from sun to Earth through space Earth ’ s magnetic field Photosynthesis

3. Earth Science Bellringer What are the major branches of Earth Science?

4. The Nature of Science

5. earth science – the study of the earth and the universe around it.

6. The 5 Main Branches of Earth Science 1. Geology – study of earth’s origin, history, and structure 2. Oceanography – study of earth’s ocean 3. Meteorology – study of air that surrounds our planet 4. Astronomy – study of objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere 5. Ecology – study of the relationship between organisms and their environment

7. Earth’s Systems lithosphere – rigid outer shell of the planet Asthenosphere – partially molten layer beneath the lithosphere hydrosphere – all the earth’s water atmosphere – thick blanket of gases surrounding the earth biosphere – all life(organisms) on earth and the environment that surrounds it.

8. 1. State the problem observation – use of the senses to gather information

9. 2. Gather information through use of measurement

10. 3. Form a hypothesis - a possible explanation or solution to the problem

11. 4. Test the hypothesis using experiments.

12. Parts of experiment Variables – factors in an experiment that can be changed a.) Independent – manipulated by experimenter b.) Dependent – changes due to change in independent c.) Control – shows results are due to the condition being tested

13. 5. Collect Data while testing the hypothesis

14. 6. State the conclusion and develop a theory

15. Scientific Law – a rule that correctly describes a natural phenomenon every time it is tested

16. I. Absorbency Test II.The purpose of this lab is to determine which type of paper towels is most absorbent. III.If we test four paper towel types sparkle, Bounty, Viva, and Food Lion brand, Then ______ will be the most absorbent. IV.5 cm x 5 cm piece of 4 brands of paper towels, water, pipette, ruler, scissors.

17. V.1. Cut a 5 cm x 5 cm piece from each of four brands of paper towel. Lay each piece on a smooth, level, waterproof surface. 2. Add one drop of water to each square. 3. Continue to add drops of water until the square can absorb no more. 4. Record your observations and make a bar graph of your results.

18. Absorbency Table (5 points) VI. Towel type# of drops absorbed (individual) # of drops absorbed (class)

19. VI. Graph data (bar graph)(5 points) VII.Analysis and Conclusion (1 point) 1. Did all squares absorb equal amounts of water? 2. If one brand of paper towel absorbs more water than the others, can you conclude that it is the towel you should buy? Explain. 3. Which scientific methods did you use to answer the question of which paper towel is most absorbent? ***Was your hypothesis correct or not and why? (5 points)

20. Metric System Measurement system scientists use

21. In the United States we use the English System. Liquid – cups, pints, gallons Mass – pounds Length – inches, feet, yards Temperature – Fahrenheit Time – hours, minutes, seconds

22. Metric System Liquids – liters Mass – grams Length – meters Temperature – Celsius Time – seconds Weight - Newtons

23. Prefixes: King Henry Dropped Over Dead Converting Metrics. Kilo – 1,000 Hexo – 100 Deca – 10 Meters, liters, grams - 1 Deci – 1/10 Centi – 1/100 Milli – 1/1000

24. Example 1,000 millimeters = __1__ meters

25. Scientific Notation Shorthand to express a number as a multiplier and a power of ten 10 0 = 1 10 1 = 10 10 3 = 1,000 10 6 = 1,000,000

26. Complete questions (1-14) text p. 24

27. Resources http://office.microsoft.com/clipart/results.as px?lc=en- us&Scope=MM&Query=experiments#12 - clip arthttp://office.microsoft.com/clipart/results.as px?lc=en- us&Scope=MM&Query=experiments#12 http://www.ewyl.net/oibanga/ - steps to scientific methodhttp://www.ewyl.net/oibanga/