1. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 DRILL October 11, 2010 LIST THE FOUR CATEGORIES OF COMMUNICATION (Example Human to Human) AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE of EACH

2. 1)Estimate how much soda the American population drinks in a year 2)If a can of Coca-Cola is 150 calories and there are 3,500 calories in a pound of body mass, what is the average weight gain of an American in a calendar year due to drinking soda?

3. Soda Problem 1 I would estimate on average Americans drink one cans of coke everyday. Some drink more than two, some drink none but a reasonable average is 1 can/day 20 billion gallons of soda every year Actual answer is 15 billion

4. Soda Problem 2 If the average American drinks 1 can of soda per day 16 lbs per year

5. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Encoder – A device that changes a message into a form that can be transmitted Transmitter – A device that sends a signal (i.e., encoded message) Receiver – A device that acquires a signal (i.e., encoded message) Decoder – A device that changes a coded message into an understandable form Communication Technology

6. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Communication Technology Tin Can Telephone Encoder-1 st tin can – Sound energy is converted to mechanical energy Transmitter – wire between strings – Mechanical energy is transferred to second can Receiver – 2 nd tin can – Mechanical energy of wire is converted to vibrations of tin can. Decoder – 2 nd tin can – Vibrations of second tin is converted into sound energy.

7. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Communication Technology Landline Telephones Encoder-Microphone in first handset Transmitter – Copper wires to central location and then to destination Receiver – 2 nd telephone Decoder – Speaker in second handset

8. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Communication Technology Cellular Telephones Encoder-Microphone in first handset Transmitter – 1 st telephone sends radio signal to cellular tower. Tower sends radio signal to 2 nd telephone Receiver – 2 nd cell phone Decoder – Speaker in second handset

9. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Communication Technology Transmission of Radio Signal Sine wave contains no information. We need to modulate (vary) it. Problem:

10. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-1 Communication Technology Transmission of Radio Signal Voice Patterns

11. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Pulse Modulation: turn the voltage (sine wave) on/off (Morse Code) Amplitude Modulation: vary the amplitude (peak-to-peak) voltage Frequency Modulation: vary the frequency (speed) PM AM FM

12. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Digital vs Analog AnalogDigital

13. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Digital vs Analog Advantages of digital – Store large amounts of information – Retrieve large amounts of information Disadvantages of digital – Lose information – Can only store using binary numbers On/Off

14. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Morse Code Communication

15. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Listening to Aliens We are looking at aliens by examining electromagnetic spectrum Scientists use radio telescopes to analyze if any messages seem to be unnatural

16. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Talking to Aliens In 1974 Scientists sent a deliberate message – 25,000 light years away – 1679 bits of information 23 columns 78 rows – Frequency of 2380 MHz – 10 bits/second

17. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 The Message 0000001010101000000000000101000001010000000100100010001000100101100101010 1010101010100100100000000000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000 00110100000000000000000001101000000000000000000101010000000000000000001111 10000000000000000000000000000000011000011100011000011000100000000000001100 1000011010001100011000011010111110111110111110111110000000000000000000000000 01000000000000000001000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000011111100 00000000000111110000000000000000000000011000011000011100011000100000001000 0000001000011010000110001110011010111110111110111110111110000000000000000000 00000001000000110000000001000000000001100000000000000010000011000000000011 11110000011000000111110000000000110000000000000100000000100000000100000100 00001100000001000000011000011000000100000000001100010000110000000000000001 10011000000000000011000100001100000000011000011000000100000001000000100000 0001000001000000011000000001000100000000110000000010001000000000100000001 0000010000000100000001000000010000000000001100000000011000000001100000000 01000111010110000000000010000000100000000000000100000111110000000000001000 010111010010110110000001001110010011111110111000011100000110111000000000101 00000111011001000000101000001111110010000001010000011000000100000110110000 0000000000000000000000000000000111000001000000000000001110101000101010101 01001110000000001010101000000000000000010100000000000000111110000000000000 000111111111000000000000111000000011100000000011000000000001100000001101000 00000010110000011001100000001100110000100010100000101000100001000100100010 0100010000000010001010001000000000000100001000010000000000001000000000100 000000000000100101000000000001111001111101001111000

18. IOT POLY ENGINEERING 2-2 Message to Aliens Numbers from 1 to 10 Atomic Numbers for Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Phosphorous DNA Bases and Sugars DNA Structure Picture of man and population of earth Solar System Arecibo Telescope