1. The Jeopardy Review Game was created in PowerPoint. To play it you must view in slide show mode. From the game board on the first slide, click a desired number level under a category. Try to answer the question on your own without your book or notes. To get the correct answer, click anywhere on the screen except on the book cover. To go back to the game board, click on the book cover. To exit, press the Escape (ESC) button on your keyboard (in upper left area).

2. Jeopardy Table to Toilet Actions & Reactions Stayin’ Alive Whatever D&D Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Biobeats & Beyond

3. $100 Table to Toilet What is digestion?

4. $100 Answer Table to Toilet The chemical and mechanical breakdown of food in the gastrointestinal tract.

5. $200 Table to Toilet What are the 2 transport mechanisms for nutrients in the body?

6. $200 Answer Table to Toilet The blood vessels The lymphatic vessels

7. $300 Table to Toilet What 3 accessory organs are involved in the process of digestion?

8. $300 Answer Table to Toilet Liver, gallbladder, pancreas

9. $400 Table to Toilet Explain how fat is digested and transported in the body as compared to water soluble nutrients.

10. $400 Answer Table to Toilet Fat is emulsified by bile, broken down by lipase, absorbed into intestinal cells, packed into chylomicrons, and then released into the lymphatic system. Water soluble nutrients are absorbed and released into the blood stream after digestion.

11. $500 Table to Toilet What is the difference between an enzyme and a hormone?

12. $500 Answer Table to Toilet An enzyme catalyzes/drives a metabolic reaction. A hormone sends messages to cells affecting cell function.

13. $100 Actions & Reactions Which mechanism of nutrient absorption requires a carrier protein and energy (ATP)?

14. $100 Answer Actions & Reactions Active transport

15. $200 Actions & Reactions Give an example of a catabolic and anabolic reaction.

16. $200 Answer Actions & Reactions Protein digestion is catabolic. Protein synthesis is anabolic.

17. $300 Actions & Reactions How do SFA, MUFA, and PUFA affect HDL and LDL cholesterol?

18. $300 Answer Actions & Reactions SFA increases LDL & total cholesterol PUFA decreases LDL & HDL & total cholesterol MUFA decreases LDL & total cholesterol

19. $400 Actions & Reactions Explain blood sugar reactions. How is blood sugar affected by diet and regulated by hormones?

20. $400 Answer Actions & Reactions When refined carbohydrates or simple carbohydrates from food are digested blood sugar/glucose levels rise causing insulin to be released from pancreatic beta cells. This causes the glucose to be taken out of the blood stream and packaged as glycogen inside liver and muscle cells. When blood sugar gets too low over time, glucagon is released from pancreatic alpha cells. This tells the liver cells to break down glycogen and release glucose back into the blood stream.

21. $500 Actions & Reactions When protein encounters heat or acid it is _______. When protein encounters protease enzymes it is _______. Explain the difference between these 2 processes.

22. $500 Answer Actions & Reactions Denatured, Digested Denatured means the 3-D protein structure is lost but the amino acids in the protein are still hooked together or the protein is mostly intact. Digested means the amino acids are released from the protein sequence.

23. $100 Stayin’ Alive Jackie weighs 60 Kg, what is her DRI for Protein?

24. $100 Answer Stayin’ Alive 60 Kg x 0.8 gm/Kg = 48 grams

25. $200 Stayin’ Alive Jackie consumed 2200 Calories today. What is her DRI for fiber for this Caloric intake?

26. $200 Answer Stayin’ Alive 2200 ÷ 100 x 1.4 gm/100 Calories = 30.8 grams

27. $300 Stayin’ Alive Describe 3 ways that omega-3 fatty acids prevent heart disease.

28. $300 Answer Stayin’ Alive Omega-3 fatty acids reduce blood clotting, blood pressure, and blood lipids.

29. $400 Stayin’ Alive Name 2 good and 2 bad type of dietary fats and explain why they are good or bad.

30. $400 Answer Stayin’ Alive Bad: SFA and TFA (they increase risk for heart disease, increase total cholesterol and LDL levels) Good: MUFA and Omega-3 (MUFAs do not increase heart disease risk and Omega-3s reduce heart disease risk)

31. $500 Stayin’ Alive What is cancer? And give 3 examples of how diet functions in cancer.

32. $500 Answer Stayin’ Alive Cancer is uncontrolled cell growth/division. Diets high in fat, low in fiber and/or low in antioxidant nutrients contribute to carcinogenesis.

33. $100 Whatever Give an example of a high fiber food source.

34. $100 Answer Whatever Whole grain, legumes, whole fruits, whole vegetables.

35. $200 Whatever What are the two basic types of protein?

36. $200 Answer Whatever Fibrous and Globular

37. $300 Whatever The ________, ________ and _________ require glucose to function.

38. $300 Answer Whatever Brain, central nervous system, red blood cells.

39. $400 Whatever What is glycogen ? Where is glycogen stored? What is the storage used for?

40. $400 Answer Whatever Glycogen is the storage form of glucose. It is stored in the liver (for blood sugar/glucose regulation) and muscle (for the working muscle).

41. $500 Whatever Explain whole grain processing in terms of the wheat kernel, the nutrients, and the fiber.

42. $500 Answer Whatever The bran and germ layers are removed in processing leaving the endosperm. Many nutrients are lost (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, folate, iron, magnesium, zinc, & fiber). With enrichment, all but B6, magnesium, zinc, & fiber are not added back to the processed grain/food.

43. $100 Diseases & Disorders Which type of fiber (soluble or insoluble) binds fat and cholesterol in the GI tract?

44. $100 Answer Diseases & Disorders Soluble

45. $200 Diseases & Disorders What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

46. $200 Answer Diseases & Disorders Auto-immunity to pancreatic beta cells in type 1 and insulin resistance in type 2

47. $300 Diseases & Disorders Name 3 diseases or disorders that are prevented or improved by dietary fiber.

48. $300 Answer Diseases & Disorders Colo-rectal cancer, diverticulosis, constipation, hemorrhoids, heart disease, blood sugar regulation with diabetes

49. $400 Diseases & Disorders Explain the difference between lactose intolerance and milk allergy.

50. $400 Answer Diseases & Disorders Intolerance is missing the enzyme lactase so lactose is mal-digested. Gas, bloating, and diarrhea result. Scientific evidence ties it to genetics and evolution. Allergy is having an immune response to the casein protein in milk. GI distress and mucous formation and airway narrowing in the lung can result.

51. $500 Diseases & Disorders Name the blood lipids and their role in heart disease.

52. $500 Answer Diseases & Disorders Chylomicron & VLDL: carry mostly triglycerides. High levels (hypertriglyceridemia) cause the blood to thicken and contribute to heart disease. LDL: bad cholesterol, high levels promote atherosclerosis. HDL: Good cholesterol, low levels promote atherosclerosis.

53. 100 Biobeats & Beyond What is a normal fasting blood sugar level?

54. 100 Answer Biobeats & Beyond 80-100 mg/dl or Less than or equal to 126 mg/dl to indicates lack of diabetes

55. 200 Biobeats & Beyond Which antioxidant nutrient has been shown to best prevent oxidation of LDL cholesterol and prevent heart disease?

56. 200 Answer Biobeats & Beyond Vitamin E

57. 300 Biobeats & Beyond What is Kwashiorkor and Marasmus?

58. 300 Answer Biobeats & Beyond Kwashiorkor: Protein malnutrition (deficiency) Marasmus: Protein and Energy malnutrition (deficiency)

59. 400 Biobeats & Beyond Explain antibodies and antigens, relate this to food allergies.

60. 400 Answer Biobeats & Beyond Antibodies are proteins produced by immune cells to specifically bind to antigens. Antigens are proteins (such as in foods when a food allergy exists) that cause the antibody production.

61. 500 Biobeats & Beyond Explain anabolic and catabolic reaction. Provide a hormone that signals each type of reaction.

62. 500 Answer Biobeats & Beyond Anabolic: building, things get bigger and are synthesized, involves condensation reactions. Catabolic: breaking down, things get smaller and are degraded, involves hydrolysis reactions. Insulin sends an anabolic message while glucagon sends a catabolic message.

63. Final Jeopardy What are the 2 categories of fiber and what are the 3 types of fiber in each category?

64. Final Jeopardy Answer Soluble fiber: pectins, gums, mucilages Insoluble fiber: cellulose, incellulose, ligin