1. Integrated Tasks

2. Task 6 Summary

4. Now get ready to answer the question

5. Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two different types of innovation. Preparation Time :20 seconds Response Time : 60 seconds

6. Listening Script Narrator : Now listen to part of a lecture in a business class

7. Listening Script OK, so, innovation is an act of making improvements by introducing something new. This is a very important topic in the study of business because this change could be considered to be a major driver in the economy. It could increase the value or the succession of many innovations that can help the growth of the whole economy.

8. Listening Script Innovations that are intended to make someone or something better are called “intentional innovations.” One example of intentional innovation is the bifocal glasses.

9. Listening Script Benjamin Franklin, as we all know, invented these glasses in 1784. As he was getting older, he had difficulty seeing both near and far sights. And for clear vision, he had had to switch both glasses and… well, I guess this had really bothered him.

10. Listening Script That’s why he devised a way to have both types of lenses fit into one frame. The far-sighted lenses were placed on the top and the near- sighted lenses were placed at the bottom. This was an innovation, to be exact, an “intentional innovation.”

11. Listening Script However, innovations can’t always be planned. Well, there are surprising numbers of inventions that are associated with unintended actions. That is, an innovation can happen by accident and is called an “accidental innovations.”

12. Listening Script Most of you guys enjoy ice-cream sodas and sundaes. You might be surprised why I mentioned ice-cream sodas. Ice-cream sodas are a good example of accidental innovation.

13. Listening Script One day in 1871, Otto Baur was working at a restaurant and a scoop of ice cream just fell in a glass of flavored soda water. He tasted it, thought it was the most delicious-tasting combination of ice cream and soda. After that, he began to serve ice cream in the soda. This was the accidental beginning of a new invention, and was the innovation that helped his business and the society.

15. Note Taking Listening Innovation - Act making imprv.; intro. Sthng. New. Major driver in economics Intentional - bifocal B.Fanklin, 1784 Swtch glasses – bothered Accidental – ice-cream soda (TV commercial)

16. Sample Response is Innovations is a major topic in the study of business. It could help the growth of economy. The professor gives two examples: intentional and accidental.

17. Sample Response The first example describes an intentional innovation which takes place when a person deliberately creates an invention in order to make an improvement. Bifocal glasses are an example of an intentional innovation, which Benjamin Franklin made because of the difficulty in switching glasses for clear vision.

18. Sample Response Second, Ice-cream soda was an example of accidental innovation which means an item was invented by chance to bring improvement to human life. While Baur was working, ice cream fell in the soda and accidentally he found out that it was the best combination. So he started to sell ice- cream soda, which brought him success.

19. The professor gives two examples of innovation which is a major topic in the study of business. It could help the growth of economy.

20. The first example describes an intentional innovation which takes place when a person creates an invention in order to make an improvement. Bifocal glasses are an example of an intentional innovation, which Benjamin Franklin made because of the difficulty in switching glasses for clear vision.

21. Ice-cream soda was an example of accidental innovation which means an item was invented accidentally to bring improvement to human life. While Baur was working, ice cream fell in the soda and accidentally he found out that it was the best combination. So he started to sell ice-cream soda, which brought him success.

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