1. Cumberland County Commissioners Barbara Cross Jim Hertzler Gary Eichelberger Lawrence Thomas, Chief Clerk Vector Control Weights & Measures Office 310 Allen Road Suite 710 Carlisle PA 17013 717-240-6539 www.ccpa.net/vector

2. 2014……. 38 Counties Statewide West Nile Virus Detected West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

3. Limited to 6 human cases with a program- Without a program? West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

4. Top 10 Counties Mosquito Positives Statewide CollectedTestedPositive 1Delaware1567739147 2Adams1810719118 3Philadelphia1505590108 4Cumberland1029536105 5Franklin75932687 6York226170678 7Dauphin123357169 8Lehigh80940367 9Bucks149452262 10Lancaster183747057 Statewide2689410253 1236 West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

5. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review  1972 Agnes flood  2000 DEP West Nile Grant Agreement with Counties Budget Scope of Work: Integrated Vector Management

6. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review Scope of Work: Integrated Vector Management 1.Surveillance Database of known common water habitat Resident inquiries/complaints 2.Source reduction Remove/empty artificial habitat container water Educate resident on habitat Notify municipality code violation 3. Larva control Treat water habitat 4. Adult control Evening spray for adult mosquitoes

7. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review Scope of Work: Integrated Vector Management Adult control Evening spray for adult mosquitoes Threshold protocal Grant requires set # traps High count review Positive trap results Post positive trap Review Count Calculate Vector index 48 hour notice

8. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review Planning spray route considerations Trap locations Hypersensitivity Beekeepers Signs on Day of spraying Post spraying Trapping

9. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

10. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review Statewide Adult Control Spray Program County/ State conducted Municipal Control events 2013- 258 2014- 201 2015- 59

11. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: West Nile Positive Mosquitoes 10/06/2014

12. The Cumberland County Program: Information for the resident, homeowner & municipalities Collection sampling of adult mosquitoes Treatment of water habitat of common areas Spraying for adult mosquitoes in common areas  General Information 717-240-6539  Request someone to survey and or treat common water/property 717-240-7808 Vector Control Weights & Measures Office 310 Allen Road Suite 710 Carlisle PA 17013 West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

13. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program Report: Evening Spraying, Process Review

14. Cumberland County Commissioners Barbara Cross Jim Hertzler Gary Eichelberger Lawrence Thomas, Chief Clerk Vector Control Weights & Measures Office 310 Allen Road Suite 710 Carlisle PA 17013 717-240-6539 www.ccpa.net/vector

15. History West Nile Virus (WNV) First appeared in NYC in 1999 In just 3 years it spread all the way to the Pacific coast Currently in all 48 contiguous states PA Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), Health, and Agriculture collaborated to develop the WNV Control Program in 2000 The Goal: to better understand, survey, and control the virus and mosquitoes which carry it

16. West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program

17. West Nile Virus 1 in 5 people infected with WNV develop West Nile fever Aches, fever, skin rash, and swollen lymph glands With rest and fluids, most people recover in a few days. 1% of infections develop into a severe, life threatening infection called West Nile Encephalitis High fever, headache, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, disorientation, tremors, and convulsions Professional medical treatment must be sought immediately Infected individuals can experience lasting effects of the virus including fatigue, memory problems, headaches, depression, and tremors August and September are the peak of human transmission

18. Which created:

19. Integrated Vector Management (IVM) “IVM is based on an understanding of the underlying biology of the arbovirus transmission system, and utilizes regular monitoring of vector mosquito populations and WNV activity levels to determine if, when, and where interventions are needed to keep mosquito numbers below levels which produce risk of human disease, and to respond appropriately to reduce risk when it exceeds acceptable levels.” ● Education ● Surveillance ● Source Reduction ● Larvae Control ● Adult Control

20. Education Pamphlets COG Bulletin Newspapers TV News Website Children's Outreach Signs

21. Surveillance Visit 150 sites throughout the county Gravid Trap Smelly water attractant BG Sentinel Trap Dry ice and human scent lure as attractants Mosquito samples are tested for WNV

22. Source Reduction Retention ponds Low lying areas Backyards Flower pot saucers Tarps Gutters Buckets Abandoned pools Abandoned fish ponds

23. Treating for Mosquito Larvae Larvicide BTI BTI is an naturally occurring bacteria which is specific to mosquito larvae. It is grown on corn kernels for easy distribution It does not affect people, pets, fish, other insects, or plants

24. Adult Control Last step of IVM Only used when there are: High numbers Samples coming back as positive for WNV Large number of resident complaint calls Dense population of humans High vector index Mathematical calculation for risk of transmission to humans based on mosquito population, number of positives, and frequency Camp Hill has all of these

25. Adult Mosquito Control: Full transparency

26. www.ccpa.net/westnilewww.ccpa.net/westnile on the yard sign brings a user to the County Webpage which shows the planned spray route Sign up for email notices too! Adult Mosquito Control

27. Biomist 3+15 ULV Biomist is registered for and is safe to use in and around food crops, livestock, commercial, and residential areas. We apply Biomist at ¼ to ½ the rate recommended by the label. Because the program and studies have found that it works! so why use more than we have to?.... We don’t! The active ingredient in Biomist is permethrin Same active ingredient as dog flea and tick preventative medication

28. Biomist 3+15 ULV Biomist has been specially formulated to have a very short residual life. Breaks down in sunlight Breaks down by microbes On plant surfaces, 80% of the product biodegrades within 24 hours. Stays suspended in the area for a very short time (~20 minutes) and drift over 500 feet does not occur Droplet sizes have been engineered to be as specific to mosquitoes as possible 8-15 vmd (Volume Median Diameter) Too big or too small does not have the same affect

29. Biomist and Animals Humans Extremely low absorbance into skin, far below WHO Acceptable Daily Intake standards for children Take precautions: Stay inside, close windows, bring in small toys Pets Be responsible, take precautions: Bring inside, refresh water/food bowls, cover fish ponds Bees We only spray in the evenings when bees are no longer active Fish/frogs State wide, applicators must report any issues or environmental health problems we see. It has never been an issue. We apply below the rate, take caution around water ways, watch the wind, and only spray when necessary. Ultra Low Volume Mist Application

30. Biomist and Animals Raptors Birds of prey can be susceptible to WNV and die Keeping the virus down can save these beautiful birds

31. Spraying in Camp Hill The West Nile Program has been working in Camp Hill since 2000 Camp Hill has been sprayed at least once each year over that time Last year Cumberland County had 19 spray events

32. Key to a successful spray Coverage The better the coverage, the better the result, the less likely we will have to conduct a spray again! Having people stay inside is as much a help to us as it is a precaution for you If we must turn our sprayer on and off multiple times throughout the night, we do not get good coverage, and we do not get good results Help us reduce mosquito populations in the future Look for standing water and unmaintained gutters

33. PERSPECTIVE Benefits outweigh the risks Potential health risks from WNV exceed risks from exposure to these pesticides when used at label rates to control adult mosquitoes LD 50 Caffeine 192 mg/kg Aspirin 200 mg/kg Table Salt 3000 mg/kg Biomist and Duet 5000 mg/kg Permanone 5050 mg/kg

34. Remember WNV is a debilitating disease Spraying is the last step of our IVM plan Biomist has been formulated with safety in mind Short life in the environmental Targets mosquitoes Sprayings occur throughout the state and country and are over seen by the EPA

35. Thank you! Questions?

36. CDC DEP West Nile Virus Conrol Program WHO Carney MR, S. Husted, C. Jean, C. Glaser, and V.Kramer. Efficacy of Aerial Spraying of Mosquito Adulticide in Reducing Incidence of West Nile Virus, California, 2005. 2008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 May; 14(5): 747–754. CarneyS. HustedC. JeanC. GlaserV.Kramer Peterson R. K.D., P.A. Macedo, and R.S. Davis. 2006. A Human- Health Risk Assessment for West Nile Virus and Insecticides Used in Mosquito Management. Environmental Health Perspectives 114 (3): 366-372. R.G. Knepper, E.D. Walker, M.A. Kamrin, and C.A. Vandervoort. Residue studies of ultra low vollume applications of permethrin in county parks in Saginaw, MI. 2014. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/237786146_ http://www.researchgate.net/publication/237786146_

37. Bite Prevention Secure your homes Screens on windows Apply DEET Avoid mosquito habitat Shaded, high humidity, near water… Wear long sleeves, pants, closed toed shoes Stay indoors at dusk