1. THE COLD WAR AT HOME: ANTI-COMMUNIST CAMPAIGN & MCCARTHYISM SWBAT: Determine the effects of anti-communist sentiment in the U.S. post- WWII

2. Do Now HIPP(O) this propaganda cartoon with your partner. Why do you think America feared communism so much? Communism opposed many American values and ideals: Capitalism Private ownership of land and business First Amendment rights

3. A MERICAN F EAR OF C OMMUNISM Americans promote the ideas of pluralism, tolerance, and equality against the communist ideas of intolerance. “Militant Liberty” Educate foreign & domestic audiences about the merits of democracy and the ideals of liberty and freedom National security agencies encouraged Hollywood to produce anticommunist movies

4. A MERICAN F EAR OF C OMMUNISM

5. T HE F AIR D EAL Post-World War II, America demobilized, & Truman sought to revive the New Deal Truman called for Higher minimum wage National health insurance Expansion of public housing Expansion of Social Security Increased aid to education Congress and many Americans found the Fair Deal to be socialism; too similar to Soviet Russia

6. T HE A NTI -C OMMUNIST C AMPAIGN House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) HUAC  A congressional investigative unit that looked into communist activities in the U.S. between 1938 & 1975 During the 1940s & 1950s many people in the movie industry were publicly investigated What is the cartoonist’s message about HUAC?

7. T HE A NTI -C OMMUNIST C AMPAIGN Alger Hiss Trial- 1950 The Rosenberg Trial- 1951 Jewish couple from NYC were tried & convicted of conspiracy to pass secrets pertaining to the atomic bomb to Soviet agents during World War II The evidence was classified government documents Rosenbergs were executed at Sing-Sing despite murky evidence against Julius & almost none against Ethel Reinforced belief that Soviet spies were lurking in the U.S.

8. McCarthy v. Truman

9. M C C ARTHYISM Sen. Joseph McCarthy (R- WI) claimed to have a list of 205 communists working in the State Department McCarthy never identified a single person, but held Senate hearings to identify communists working for the federal government

10. M C C ARTHYISM Army-McCarthy Hearings McCarthy held hearings accusing the Army of protecting & sheltering communists The hearings were televised, so millions of Americans saw the anti-communist hysteria McCarthy was drunk during the hearings Marks the end of the red scare in the 1950s

11. Victims of McCarthyism & the Red Scare With your partner, research an individual who was affected by McCarthyism. 1. Name of the victim. 2. Year the victim was charged. 3. The crime charged with. 4. Outcome of the case.

12. A TOMIC W AR P REPARATIONS The September 1 st 1961 edition of the White Plains, New York newspaper, the Reporter Dispatch, proudly announced White Plains as being one of three cities chosen to participate in an “Atom Shelter Study.” Baltimore and Washington, D.C. were the other two test areas where architects under government contract would identify shelter space for 50 or more people. The enthusiastic article is noteworthy for being the very first publication that CONELRAD was able to find that references what would soon come to be known officially as the National Fallout Shelter Sign. Ten paragraphs into the story the following mention appears: “The survey teams will seek permission to enter all buildings to be surveyed…Later they will ask permission to install uniform signs being designed in Washington identifying the shelter area.” 256 Martine Avenue Fallout Shelter

13. A TOMIC W AR P REPARATIONS

14. Wrap Up Duck and Cover What connections can be made between McCarthyism and the political/social climate in the U.S. today?