2. Overview of GM Industrial Hygiene and the GMNA Industrial Hygiene Program GMNA Industrial Hygiene Team August 12, 2014 GMNA Industrial Hygiene Team August 12, 2014 2

3. Presentation Topics  An overview of the field of Industrial Hygiene  Roles and Responsibilities of the UAW IH Technician, GM IH, and LJHSC  Answers to Common Questions  Program’s supported by GM Industrial Hygiene 3

4. The Field of Industrial Hygiene 4

5. What is Industrial Hygiene?  Combination of Science and Art  Involves Anticipation, Recognition, Evaluation, and Control  Of workplace environmental factors & stresses that may cause sickness, decreased health & well-being, or significant discomfort to employees 5

6. Anticipation/Recognition Is there a potential employee or community health hazard exposure problem?  Anticipate & recognize health hazards prior to introduction of new chemicals/processes  Qualitative Assessments –Observations in the Workplace –Worker or community complaints –Illnesses 6

7. Requirements for Evaluation of Potential Health Hazard Problems  Training –Recognition of health hazards  Experience –Skills of observation & judgment developed over years  Quantitative Measurements –Methods determined by GM IH 7

8. Quantitative Measurement  Chemical Hazards –Gases –Vapors –Liquids –Aerosols –Solids (e.g., Dust, Fibers, Fumes)  Physical Hazards –Noise –Heat and Cold –Ionizing and Nonionizing Radiation  Biological Hazards –Virus or bacteria 8

9. Types of Employee Exposure Limits – TWA  Time-Weighted Average (TWA) –8-Hour or 40-hour workweek TWA –Nearly all workers may be exposed to day after day without adverse effect –Average of peaks & valleys of magnitude of exposure over 8 hours –May need calculations to modify for 10- hour shifts 9

10. Types of Employee Exposure Limits – STEL Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) –Max concentration of exposure allowed for a 15-min period without: –Irritation –Chronic or irreversible tissue damage –Narcosis that will lead to injury, impaired self-rescue, or reduced work efficiency 10

11. Types of Employee Exposure Limits – Ceiling  Ceiling Limit (C) –Concentration that should not be exceeded during any part of shift –Assess via 15-min samples during expected highest exposures Try to collect 3 samplesTry to collect 3 samples 11

12. Exposure Guidelines and Standards – TWA, STEL, & C  OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) - The Legal Limit  NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limits (REL) - Voluntary Consensus  ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) – Voluntary Consensus  GMNA Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) - GMNA Required 12

13. Hazard Control Methods – Most To Least Effective  Elimination  Substitution  Engineering  Administrative  Personal Protective Equipment 13

14. Exposure Assessment Model Basic Qualitative Characterization Qualitative Risk Assessment & Prioritization Industrial Hygiene Monitoring Interpretation / Analysis & Decision Making Recommendations & Reporting Modify or Initiate Controls & Procedures Periodic Reevaluation Start Unacceptable Risk Need More Data Acceptable Risk 14

15. Fundamentals of Toxicology  Science that deals with the poisonous or toxic properties of materials  “All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison and a remedy.” (Paracelsus 1493 - 1541) 15

16. Toxicity vs. Hazard  Toxicity is the inherent ability of a material to cause harm to the body  Hazard is the type of adverse effect resulting from the exposure  Risk is the probability that harm will occur from a specific exposure or dose  Material must contact or enter the body to do harm 16

17. Routes of Entry  To exert a toxic effect, harmful agent must enter body via:  Inhalation – inhaling airborne contaminants  Absorption – through the skin/eyes/mucous membranes  Ingestion - unknowingly 17

18. Toxicity Types  Acute adverse effect appears from immediately to within several days following exposure  Chronic is a permanent or lasting adverse effect after exposure  Local effect appears at the site of contact  Systemic effect appears throughout the body or within an organ distant from toxicant point of entry 18

19. Industrial Hygiene Interrelationships Industrial Hygiene Hygiene Management Research & Development / IH Laboratory Engineering Health Physics Toxicology Occupational Medicine Training Communication Epidemiology Occupational Safety Employee 19

20. Roles and Responsibilities of the UAW-GM Industrial Hygiene Technician Industrial Hygiene Technician Program Industrial Hygiene Technician Program 20

21. Origins  When the UAW IH Technician Program began in 1991, a Roles and Responsibilities document was created  Document was last updated in 2008 to incorporate additions to the program in the 2007 National Agreement 21

22. Air Sampling  Primary responsibility of the UAW Industrial Hygiene Technician (UAW IHT)  Collect samples under the… –Direction of LJHSC –Technical supervision of GM IH  Requires close working relationship with LJHSC, GM IH, other facility personnel 22

23. Key Job Elements associated with the collection of Air Samples  Assist with review/update of facility Air Sampling Plan (ASP) –Annual process at minimum –Updated ASP sign-off letter due at CHR by January 31 each year  Collect Air Samples in line with an established ASP –ASP is in GM Medgate Industrial Hygiene Module database 23

24. Key Job Elements associated with the collection of Air Samples  Calibrate and Maintain air sampling equipment  Submit samples to lab for analysis using established procedures  Discuss sample results with LJHSC and GM IH 24

25. Key Job Elements associated with the collection of Air Samples  Maintain Good Records –Air sampling data collection sheets ASP samplesASP samples Complaint or Engineering samplesComplaint or Engineering samples Intermittent Exposure samplesIntermittent Exposure samples –Equipment Calibration documents –Memos/formal reports 25

26. Key Job Elements associated with the collection of Air Samples  Samples collected outside scope of ASP –Consult first with LJHSC and GM IH if practical –If not practical, notify GM IH in a timely fashion after collecting sample(s) 26

27. Key Job Elements associated with the collection of Air Samples  Attend required Training Classes –UAW-GM Health and Safety Conference – Mandatory IH classes –UAW-GM Black Lake training sessions –Basic IH Training Class at CHR (for new IHTs)  Additional one-on-one support is also available as needed. 27

28. Other Roles and Responsibilities  Member of Hazardous Materials Control Committee (i.e., HMCC)  Member of site Noise Committee  Member of site Laser Committee  Attend meetings of LJHSC 28

29. Other Roles and Responsibilities  Qualified and Primary resource for Confined Space Atmospheric Testing –Qualification requirements developed in 2008 –Pre-planned atmospheric testing in confined spaces – facility must schedule in advance to effectively utilize IHT 29

30. Other Roles and Responsibilities  Assist in the assessment of Intermittent Exposures –Skilled trades jobs / non- routine tasks –e.g., maintenance welding, maintenance painting, equipment cleaning, baghouse cleaning –Add, when appropriate, to site ASP  UAW-GM Process to Address Intermittent Exposures 30

31. Other Roles and Responsibilities  Conduct appropriate Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) System Performance Checks –Identify systems –Determine appropriate tests –Conduct tests at least annually –Maintain records  UAW-GM Process to Address LEV Performance Checks and PM on LEV Systems 31

32. Other Roles and Responsibilities  Receive notice of Initial Work-related Medical Cases –With symptoms such as: headaches, nausea, skin problems, respiratory problems –Investigate cases Review past air sampling resultsReview past air sampling results Inspect operation and talk to personInspect operation and talk to person Collect additional air samples if necessaryCollect additional air samples if necessary 32

33. Roles and Responsibilities of the GM Industrial Hygienist Industrial Hygiene Industrial Hygiene 33

34. Primary Roles  To provide guidance and technical supervision to the UAW IH Technician –Ensure quality of IHT collected samples are equivalent as if samples were collected by a GM IH  To provide advice to the LJHSC 34

35. The GM IH will…  Help review/update ASP  Recommend sampling methods and strategies  Help establish sampling priorities  Assist in investigation of employee complaints (when present at site and by phone/email) 35

36. The GM IH will…  Consult with LJHSC and UAW IHT on –New manufacturing processes –Construction/demolition/renovation projects  Review and approve sampling procedures  Receive, review, approve/reject, and interpret IH sample results 36

37. Air Sampling Studies  The GM IH will continue to have responsibility for collecting air samples to evaluate employee exposures … –With assistance of UAW IHT –Using a consultant when appropriate –Will generally involve samples outside scope of ASP and when UAW IHT is not available  The GM IH will discuss use of consultants with LJHSC and UAW IHT 37

38. Confined Space Atmospheric Testing  The GM IH… –will be considered a qualified and primary resource for Confined Space Atmospheric Testing when at the site and through phone/email consultation 38

39. Non-Air Sampling Responsibilities  Participate in HMCC, Noise and Laser Committee Meetings (when on site)  Assist UAW IHT and other plant personnel with identification of appropriate LEV System Performance Checks 39

40. Non-Air Sampling Responsibilities  Act as a technical resource in investigation of initial work-related medical cases –Directly (when onsite) or indirectly (phone, email)  Communicate timing and nature of visits prior to visit  Communicate pertinent sample results 40

41. Roles and Responsibilities of the Local Joint Health and Safety Committee Health and Safety Committees 41

42. 3 Main Roles/ Responsibilities of the LJHSC 1.Assist in review and update of ASP 2.Be aware of the activities of the UAW IHT and provide direction and assistance when necessary 3.Provide copies of IH consultant reports to the UAW IHT 42

43. Common Questions? 43

44. What sites are the GM IH’s covering? Jean Carron GMCH/ Manufacturing John Denbrock Manufacturing Larry Hunt Manufacturing Roy Byer CCA & Manufacturing Jamie Prince Non- Manufacturing EV Bolden KokomoBrownstownBaltimoreBedford GM HQ Renaissance Ctr CCA Drayton Plains LockportHamtramckBowling GreenMarion Metal CtrMilford PGCCA Headquarters Grand RapidsBay CityFairfaxParmaWarren TC RochesterLansing DeltaSpring HillDefianceYuma Desert PG OrionLansing Reg. StampingArlingtonLordstown West North Hollywood Design Flint Tool & DieLansing Grand RiverWentzville Lordstown Assembly Thousand Oaks Flint Metal CtrPontiac Metal CtrRamos ArizpeToledoTorrance Flint AssemblyPontiac EngineeringSan Luis PotosiD-Max Marine & Industrial Dev Ctr Flint Engine OpsSaginaw CastingsSilao ComplexAll other US CCA Regional Training Ctrs (4) Flint Engine FAM 0Warren TransmissionToluca FoundryAll Canadian CCA Flint CCARomulus EngineToluca ComplexCami Fort WayneWixom EngineeringAll Mexico CCAOshawa TonawandaSt Catharines 44

45. Who do I contact if my GM IH is on vacation?  Your GM IH will always provide a backup GM IH, or more than one  Will provide phone number and email address of backups 45

46. Can you provide Contact information for the GM IH Team? Name Base Location Phone NumberEmail Eltaneice Bolden (GM Global IH Manager) Warren Tech Center 248-255-7995eltaneice.v.bolden@gm.com Jamie Prince Oshawa, Ontario 905-744-3397jamie.prince@gm.com Jean CarronMichigan248-672-7985jean.carron@gm.com John DenbrockMichigan517-404-3258john.denbrock@gm.com Larry HuntTexas770-206-0773larry.hunt@gm.com Roy ByerIndiana317-491-3553roy.byer@gm.com 46

47. How do we interpret sample results when our GM IH is not on site or on vacation?  GM IH has access to data in Medgate Database and in GM Noise Database  Your GM IH will interpret all air, bulk, wipe, and noise sample results by phone or email when not on site  Data collected that is not in databases can be sent to GM IH by email for review  When on vacation, backup GM IH will assist with interpretation if site IH has no phone/computer access. 47

48. What do we do if an urgent / emergency issue comes up that requires IH involvement?  Contact your GM IH by phone  GM IH will provide direction to Safety and to IHT  Pictures and other documents can be sent to GM IH to assist in investigation / response 48

49. How do I know what the IHT is working on?  Have the IHT report out periodically at LJHSC meetings and at the PSRB  IHT can provide air sampling plan and ventilation system testing updates  Medgate database has ASP Completion Status Report to track progress 49

50. Reference Materials  UAW-GM Memorandum of Understanding, Health and Safety, or the UAW-GM National Agreement, dated October 3, 2011  The Roles and Responsibilities of the Industrial Hygiene Technician document, revised in 2008.  UAW-GM Process to Address Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) Performance Checks and PM on LEV Systems  UAW-GM Process to Address Intermittent Exposures in Skilled Trades Jobs and Non-Routine Tasks 50

51. IH Program Support Roles & Responsibilities 51

52. Asbestos GMNA IH  Collect bulk samples if state licensed  Interpret bulk & air sample results  Refer SAC to GM IH SME for assistance  Review site Asbestos Safety Program to ensure effectiveness IH Technician  Collect bulk samples for analyses if state licensed to do so  Submit bulk samples for analysis  Report sample results  Collect air samples as part of ASP & during response actions, if requestedSafety  Ensure Site Joint Asbestos Safety Program is implemented  Have SAC designated & functioning  Attend Joint Asbestos Training  Ensure employees trained  Monitor program status  Review program implementation regularly w/ PSRB 52

53. Confined Space Program GMNA IH  Assist in the annual review of space identification and evaluation of spaces and the written program  Assist IH Technicians with atmospheric testing procedures IH Technician  Assist in the annual review of space identification and evaluation of spaces  Maintain Confined Space Air Monitoring Equipment  Qualified to conduct confined space air monitoringSafety  Ensure the site follows GM requirements for the Confined Space Program  Conduct annual review of the confined spaces and the written program.  Link to: Confined Space Program Confined Space ProgramConfined Space Program 53

54. Hazard Communication & HMCC GMNA IH  Participate in HMCC in person/remotely  Review SDSs & make control and PPE recommendations  Help determine SUC  Suggest any sampling to be done IH Technician  Participate in HMCC  Read & understand SDS health hazards & controls  Conduct required air samplingSafety  Determine required PPE  Employees trained on proper use of PPE  Employees receive Hazcom training & is documented  Employee Supervisors trained  Collect data on chemical injuries/illnesses  Link to: Global Hazardous Materials Control Program Global Hazardous Materials Control ProgramGlobal Hazardous Materials Control Program 54

55. Hearing Conservation & Noise Control GMNA IH  Assist in developing noise control strategies  Participate in site plant noise committee meetings when possible  Review the site’s compliance with all elements of the Hearing Conservation Program IH Technician  Participate in the plant noise committee meetings & activities  Assist in the annual sound survey  Collect sound level measurements based on employee concerns or in support of equipment buy-off process as requestedSafety  Ensure the site has a functioning Noise Committee  Ensure that annual Sound Status Report is submitted as required  Ensure that new equipment meets the GM Link to: “Buy Quiet” Specifications “Buy Quiet” Specifications“Buy Quiet” Specifications  Ensure that the Annual Sound Survey is conducted  Ensure exposed employees are included in the HCP and receive required training and audiometric testing 55

56. Laser Safety Sites With Class 3B or 4 Lasers Including Embedded In Class 1 Systems GMNA IH  Contact GM IH Laser SME for assistance  Participate in site LSC meetings  Assist with development of site LSP  Recommend cleaning process for Laser fume collectors  Ensure proper labels displayed IH Technician  Participate in LSC meeting / activities  Review Site LSP  Receive LSA trainingSafety  Ensure site DLSO appointed  Alert GM IH when new Laser planned  Participate in LSC meets/activities  Assist with implementation of Site LSP  Ensure exposed employees & Safety receive LSA training For additional information see documents below 56

57. Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) GMNA IH  No GM IH EMF equipment in- house. Would need to rent to take readings.  If beyond level of expertise, GMIH will contact an EMF consultant to assist site with an investigation and any monitoring that may be required. IH Technician  No training on EMF assessments has been provided to the IHT’s.  If an issue arises related to EMF, contact the GM IH for support.Safety  Provide background information on the equipment of concern obtained from the vendor, engineering, etc. 57

58. Lead in Construction GMNA IH  Assist Safety with implementation of GM requirements for work involving lead on steel.  Assist IHT with review and interpretation of bulk, Niton and air sampling data. IH Technician  Assist with collection of bulk paint samples (chips / scrapings to lab or use of Niton XRF).  Collection of personal and perimeter air samples during GM employee work involving lead.Safety  Follow GM requirements for Scope of Work creation / review, assessment of potential risk, etc. On GM IH website in SharePoint.  Link to: Lead in Construction Lead in ConstructionLead in Construction 58

59. Metal Removal Fluid Studies GMNA IH  With IH Tech and MRF Committee, coordinate annual plant Aerosol map activity  Review and interpret ASP sample results  Review and interpret MRF Aerosol map results  With IH Tech and Medical review MRF related exposure concerns IH Technician  With MRF Committee and IH, coordinate annual plant Aerosol Map activity  Ensure Air Sample Plan (ASP) is current and personal samples are on schedule  With MRF Committee, Audit of MRF Management Control Plans and DCR proceduresSafety  As necessary, assist IH Tech and IH with coordinating annual plant Aerosol Map activity  Ensure Accident Investigations involving MRF issues are conducted  Ensure PPE communication and review  Ensure SOTs address MRF  ID employees to be offered MRF exam 59

60. Respiratory Protection Program GMNA IH  Assist Safety with implementation of GM Respirator Program.  Assist IHT with review and interpretation of sampling data.  Assist in review of respirator filter selection program IH Technician  Assist with collection of samples for evaluation of exposure levels.  Communicate results  Help in the administration of Respirator Program.Safety  Follow GM requirements for Respirator Program.  Identify potential exposure problems & share with IHT.  https://gmweb.gm.c om/manufacturing/ wfg_EE_IHT/Pages/ RespiratoryProtecti onProgram.aspx 60

61. Ventilation & IAQ Studies GMNA IH  Assist IHT with design of IAQ investigations  Review and interpretation of results  Makes recommendations on corrective actions if required IH Technician  Carries out Local Exhaust Ventilation Checks per the Facilities Plan or IAQ investigation.  Documents results, initiates corrective action requests for LEV needed repairs.  Follow up after corrective actions on LEV and re- check to ensure complianceSafety  If an issue arises related to Ventilation, contact the GM IH and/or IHT for support.  Provide background information on the LEV system, or building IAQ concern.  Provide any additional info, facilities contacted, process changes etc. 61

62. Employee Concerns GMNA IH  Provide guidance for evaluation, interpretation and recommendations for corrective actions.  If beyond level of expertise, GMIH will contact a consultant to assist site with an investigation and any monitoring that may be required. IH Technician  Assist with collection of samples for the evaluation of exposure levels.  Communicate results of evaluations  Assist with recommendations of corrective actionsSafety  Review employee concerns with potential of IH exposure problems.  Notify the GMIH when IH concerns are identified  Support corrective measures once identified. 62

63. IH Equipment Use, Calibration & Maintenance GMNA IH  Assist IHT with establishing calibration frequency using instrument operation manual as guide  Instruct IHT on use of current and new equipment. Vendor also may provide training. IH Technician  Creates list of all equipment in use.  Find factory calibration frequency in owner manual for each instrument & enter into Medgate  Share list with Safety  Send out equipment on scheduleSafety  Ask IHT to create list of equipment with calibration frequency  Obtain funding for routine calibrations and repairs 63

64. Audit Preparation GMNA IH  Review site Air Sample Plan for completeness  Assist the IHT with the Audit Checklist  Assist with Local Exhaust Ventilation evaluations  Act as SME for Air sampling protocols and techniques IH Technician  Plan & Maintain the Air Sample Plan  Plan & Maintain Local Exhaust Ventilation Surveys  Ensure that all related documentation and employee surveys have been completed.Safety  Manage the day to day activities of the IH Technician Program  Review & Approve the Air Sample Plan  Review Audit Module Checklist 64

65. Questions? 65