1. First Presidents Graphic Organizer

4. George Washington - Virginia
Years in office – elected in 1788 and 1792
( 1789 – 1797 ) - precedent
Washington brought dignity to the office of the President
Article II – Section 2 – Powers of the President – setting up the Executive Department
Cabinet

5. Inauguration – New York City April 30, 1789

6. First Lady and Vice - President

7. Cabinet – Thomas Jefferson
Virginia
Secretary of State

8. Cabinet – Henry Knox
Massachusetts
Secretary of War

9. Cabinet – Alexander Hamilton
New York
Secretary of the Treasury

10. Cabinet – Edmund Randolph
Virginia
Attorney General

11. Cabinet – Samuel Osgood
Postmaster General

12. Supreme Court – 1789 – Judiciary Act
Set up the Supreme Court
1 Chief Justice and 5 Associate Justices
John Jay – first Chief Justice
Set up a system of district and circuit courts

13. Things that happened inside the country
Domestic Affairs
Things that happened inside the country

14. Alexander Hamilton’s Financial Plan
Two Step Plan for paying off the National Debt
Buy up old government bonds and issue new ones
National government pay off state debts

15. Alexander Hamilton’s Financial Plan
James Madison opposed the plan because speculators had bought up old bonds but Congress supported Hamilton

16. Compromise of 1790 Pay off state debts
Build the new capital city in the South

17. Ways the government raised money
1789 tariff on imported goods
1791 excise tax on whiskey

18. 1791 – Bank of the United States
Deposit taxes
Pay government bills
Issue paper money

19. 1794 – Whiskey Rebellion
Western Pennsylvania farmers rebelled when tax collectors tried to collect excise tax on whiskey.
Tax collectors tarred and feathered

20. 1794 – Whiskey Rebellion
Washington called out 15,000 troops to put the rebellion down
Tested the will of the new government
Washington showed that the new government would be firm in time of crisis

21. Indian Policy
Movement into the Northwest Territory caused problems with Native Americans

22. 1791 – General Arthur St. Clair defeated by Little Turtle ( Miami)

23. 1794 – Battle of Fallen Timbers
General Anthony Wayne defeated Blue Jacket ( Shawnee )

25. Treaty of Greenville
Indians give up 25,000 square miles and were paid $20,000

26. Foreign Affairs

27. French Revolution – July 14, 1789
“Reign of Terror” – King Louis XVI and family executed
Hamilton favored England
Jefferson favored France
1792 – 1815 – war in Europe – England, Austria, Prussia, the Netherlands and Spain vs. France

28. Neutrality Proclamation - 1793
United States would not support either side in the war in Europe

29. Jay’s Treaty – 1794 – negotiated with England
British give up forts in the Ohio Valley
US pay debt owed British merchants
British pay debts for captured American ships

30. Pinckney’s Treaty
Charles Pinckney – American ambassador to Spain
American right to navigate on the Mississippi River
Right of Deposit in New Orleans – Americans can move and store goods without paying tariffs

31. 1796 – Washington’s Farewell Address
“Steer clear of permanent alliances”
Quote about Washington – “First in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen”

32. First Political Parties
Federalists
Alexander Hamilton
Wealthy and well educated
Strong Central government
Democratic Republicans
Thomas Jefferson
Common people
Strong State government

33. First Political Parties
Federalists
Emphasis on manufacturing, shipping and trade
Loose Interpretation
Pro – British ( England )
Democratic Republicans
Emphasis on agriculture “farmers”
Strict Interpretation
Pro - France

34. First Political Parties
Federalists
Favored protective tariff
favored
Democratic Republicans
Opposed protective tariff
opposed

35. Political Parties
Washington warned about political parties in his Farewell Address
“If I could not go to heaven but with a party, I would not go at all” - Jefferson

36. Newspapers
Federalist
John Fenno
Gazette of the United States

37. Newspapers
Democratic Republican
Philip Freneau
National Gazette

38. John Adams - Massachusetts
Elected in 1796 ( 1797 – 1801)
Federalist

39. Abigail Adams and Thomas Jefferson – Democratic Republican

40. Domestic Affairs
Election of 1796 – John Adams 71 and Thomas Jefferson 68 – President and Vice – President of different Political Parties
“Midnight judges” – Adams filled many lifetime judgeships with Federalists

41. Supreme Court – John Marshall
Chief Justice – 1801 – 1835
Established the prestige of the Judicial Branch and strengthened the Federal Government

42. Foreign Affairs
XYZ Affair – 1797 – France angered by Jay’s Treaty and began capturing American ships ( 300 )

43. XYZ Affair - 1797 1797 – three new American Ambassadors sent to France
French Foreign Minister Talleyrand wanted a bribe and a loan

44. XYZ Affair - 1797 “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute”
Congress ordered the expansion of the army

45. XYZ Affair
1798 –created the Department of the Navy – Benjamin Stoddard – Secretary
12 frigates built -
“USS Constitution”
Fought undeclared naval war with France

46. Split in the Federalist Party
Federalists – John Adams
Delayed building up the army

47. Split in the Federalist Party
Sent new Ambassadors to France
They negotiated the Convention of 1800 with Napoleon
France agreed to stop seizing American ships

48. Split in the Federalist Party
Alexander Hamilton – High Federalists
United States would benefit from a war with France
Hurt Jefferson’s Democratic Republicans

49. Domestic Affairs – 1798 – Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Act
Expel any alien thought to be dangerous
14 year residency before becoming a citizen
Sedition Act
Citizens could be fined or jailed for criticizing public officials

50. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions – 1798 & 1799
Each state has the right to decide if a law is unconstitutional
nullify

51. Election of 1800 _ “Revolution of 1800”

52. Election of 1800 – “Revolution of 1800”

53. Election of 1800
Jefferson and Burr tied and it took 35 votes in the House of Representatives to settle the election
1804 – 12th Amendment – electors vote separately for President and Vice-President

54. 1804 – Aaron Burr kills Alexander Hamilton in a duel

55. July 4, 1826 – John Adams and Thomas Jefferson both died – 50th Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence